Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Contents Page
Data Exchange with MM 420 using Profibus ..................................................................................... 2
Objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 3
Main Tasks of Master-Slave Communication ................................................................................... 4
Configuring a Profibus DP Master System ........................................................................................ 5
Selecting the Command Source and Setpoint Channel ..................................................................... 6
Exercise 1: Reset to Factory Default ................................................................................................. 7
Exercise 2: Setting the Command Source to Profibus, Ramp-up Time, Ramp-down Time................ 8
Exercise 3: Configuring MM420 on the Profibus Network ................................................................. 9
Exercise 4: Micromaster Test with “Monitor/Modify Variables“ .......................................................... 10
Configuration of the MM420, Example PPO Type 3 .......................................................................... 11
Communication with PPO Type 3 ..................................................................................................... 12
Micromaster MM420: Control Word .................................................................................................. 13
Micromaster MM420: Status Word ................................................................................................... 14
Control Word 1 and Status Word 1 according to PROFIdrive Profile ................................................. 15
Exercise 5: Comunication with Micromaster MM420 (FB44) ............................................................. 16
Drive ES (= Engineering System) ..................................................................................................... 17
Overview of the Starter Commissioning Tool .................................................................................... 18
Offline Configuration of a Drive with the Assistant ............................................................................. 19
Online Operation .............................................................................................................................. 20
Diagnostic Function .......................................................................................................................... 21
Control Function ............................................................................................................................... 22
Exercise 6: Configuring the Drive with the Assistant ......................................................................... 23
Exercise 7: Changing the Ramp-up and Ramp-down Times ............................................................. 24
Exercise 8: Using the Control Panel ................................................................................................. 25
Exercise 9: Calling the Diagnostic Function ...................................................................................... 26
Contents Page
If You Want to Know More ............................................................................................................... 27
Exercise 10: Configuration of the MM420 using PPO Type 1 as an Example ................................. 28
Communication with PPO Type 1 .................................................................................................... 29
Reading Consistent Data of a DP-normslave with SFC 14 .............................................................. 30
Writing Consistent Data to DP-normslaves with SFC 15 ................................................................. 31
PKW Mechanism for Processing Parameters ................................................................................. 32
Tables for Request IDs and Response IDs .................................................................................. 33
Exercise 11: Configuration Example for the PKW Mechanism ........................................................ 34
Master-Slave Communication
Reading and writing of parameters Controlling the drive process
Reading out of fault and diagnostic values Permanent setting of control bits and setpoints
Reading and modifying function values Constant reading of status bits and actual values
Cyclic
Acyclic
Process Control: Fast data transmission of short data telegrams to all participating stations with the
maximum speed available on the bus. In drive systems these are typically setpoints,
control commands, status replys and actual values (measured values).
Operating Control: In addition to this permanently available data, there is data that is only needed in
particular cases. It would therefore be sensless to permanently put load on the bus if
this data is only needed once per hour or per day, for example, when starting up the
machine (Class 1 Master). Another reason for an expanded communication need could
be the commissioning, optimization or diagnosis of machine components from a central
location. In this case, (such as a fault) a detailed access of an Engineering Tool to the
system components or the drive is enabled. Since, as a rule, only one affected
device/component is directly addressed, this window is only made available once per
bus cycle for one bus station and not simultaneously for every station.
Cyclic Data Exchange:
Cyclic data exchange is used for fulfilling the requirements for a fast, permanent data
exchange.
Acyclical Data Traffic:
Acyclic data traffic is managed exclusively by the PROFIBUS-DP Master. However, it is
not triggered from there.
Triggering, that is, the trigger of a data transmission always occurs from the user
program during the acyclic communication between a Class 1 master and a slave. This
means that the user program decides whether a data exchange with a slave is
necessary or not based on further conditions. Only if required, is a data transmission
request then signalled to the DP master which then executes this request.
Distributed I/O All master systems consisting of a DP master and DP slaves that are connected
using a bus cable and that communicate via the PROFIBUS-DP protocol are
designated as distributed I/Os.
Note S7 CPUs that are used as DP master are typically known as Class 1 Masters in
the Profibus standard. That is, they exclusively take care of control tasks on the
Profibus network (cyclic services).
Programming devices and PCs on the Profibus network are known as Class 2
Masters because these devices can typically carry out functions for parameter
download, commissioning, monitoring etc. That is, the majority of the time they
conduct acyclic functions.
Actual
Motor potentiometer 1 frequency
Starter
Analog setpoint 2
a Main setpoint
3
b
USS from BOP Link 4 Additional setpoint
Communication module 6 P1000 =
Parameterizing Path The Parameter P927 defines with its 4 least significant bits which parameterzing paths
are enabled.
P927 = 0000 0000 0000 1111 means that the user can assign parameters to the
inverter either through the BOP, AOP, USS or PROFIBUS.
Command Sources The representation shown in the slide only covers the most important components of
the setpoint channel as well as the selection of the command source. For the complete
representation see the function diagrams at the back of the Micromaster Parameter
List.
In the following exercise examples, the definitions below have been made which you
can monitor using a variable table:
Maximum Frequency The Parameter P1082 sets a maximum motor frequency [Hz] with which the motor
works independent of the frequency setpoint. That way, the output frequency is limited
if the setpoint exceeds the value of P1082.
Fixed Frequencies The fixed frequencies are selected through the terminal strip. By default, the digital
inputs are directly assigned to the fixed frequencies. For example, the digital input 4 (5)
activates the fixed frequency 4 (5).
Two Setpoints The setpoint can be formed by the addition of the main and the additional setpoint. This
is then output through a two-digit value, such as P1000 = 26: the analog additional
setpoint (2) plus the main setpoint from the communications module (6).
S1 = Drive On/Off
S2 = Reverse direction of rotation
P0010 = Commissioning filter S3 = Acknowledge fault
P0970 = Reset to factory defaults H1 = Fault (is lit when there is no fault)
P3900 = End of quick commissioning P1 = Potentiometer for the frequency/speed
Task First of all, carry out a Reset to Factory Default to establish a defined output state. In
the factory default, the inverter is already functional and can be controlled using binary
inputs.
Attention! Through the Reset to Factory Default, Parameter P2040 is set to = 0, among other
things. This parameter defines a telegram off time between 0 and 65,535 ms, after
which a fault message is triggered on the MM420. When t = 0, a possibly running motor
is therefore not switched off with CPU – Stop or DP-Master failure.
Check and modify - if necessary – Parameter P2040 to a value greater than zero.
Internally generated
Setpoint frequency Setpoint frequency ramp-function
50 Hz 50 Hz
t t
P1120 P1121
Task The drive is to be assigned parameters in such a way that the control commands +
frequency setpoint are transmitted from the CPU through Profibus.
Diagnosis The tri-colored LED is located on the front of the Profibus-DP card. The following table
explains possible LED displays and error causes and helps you with the following
exercise:
Off no power
Red flashing invalid Profibus address (126/127 is invalid) or hardware/software error
Red on temporary state during startup or new communication configuration; if constant state,
then Profibus interface or inverter defective
Orange flashing communication to inverter built-up; no connection to Profibus, or Profibus connector not
inserted or faulty or Profibus master is switched off.
Green flashing cyclic process data exchange exists, but setpoints are invalid (control word = 0,
because S7 master is in the "STOP" state, for example.
Green on cyclic process data exchange is built-up.
Ramp-up Time Internally, the setpoint value changes according to a step function. To achieve a
controlled ramp-up transition, a ramp-function generator is integrated, that generates a
ramp-type setpoint for the controller.
Task Your training unit is to be expanded by the Micromaster MM 420 component on the
Profibus DP.
Actual Value (Hexa) Act. Value (Decimal) Act.Val. (Frequency) Act.Val.under rated load (rpm)
4000 16384 50 1350
3000 12288 37.5 1,012.5
2000 8192 25 675
1500 5376 16.41 443.10
1000 4096 12.5 337.50
500 1280 3.91 168.75
Task You are to be able to interpret and analyze the replys (status word and main actual
value) of the MM420.
What to Do 1. Enter setpoints for the speed on the analog potentiometer and monitor the
corresponding parameters with the "Monitor/Modify Variables" tool.
2. Interpret the replys from the status word and the actual value. For the actual
value, the value 4000H equals a frequency of 50 Hz.
3. Save the variable table and exit the tool
PPO Type 1: all parameters can PPO Type 3: only the setpoints
be changed can be changed
PKW PCD
PCD1 PCD2
PKE IND PWE STW1 MS PCD3 PCD4 PCD5 PCD6 PCD7 PCD8 PCD9 PCD10 PCD11 PCD12 PCD13 PCD14 PCD15 PCD16
ZSW1 MAV
1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word Word
PPO1
PKE = Process ID
PPO3 PWE = Process Value
STW = Control Word
ZSW = Status Word
Free MS = Main Setpoint
max. for MM420 MAV = Main Actual Value
PPO Types The structure of the user data for the cyclic data exchange is called Parameter Process
data Object (PPO) in the PROFIBUS Profile "DVA".
The PPO Types 1 to 5 have a defined number of PKW and PCD words. You specify the
PPO type in the hardware configuration.
For MM 420, PPO types 1 or 3 are possible:
- PPO type 3 enables you to write a simple program for data transmission. As
setpoint, only the speed can be changed (data transmission with Load / Transfer
instructions)
- With PPO type 1 you can change all drive parameters (consistent data transmission
with the system functions SFC 14 and SFC 15).
CPU MM 440
Control word
T QD 56 QD 56
Main setpoint
Profibus
L ID 56
Status word
ID 56
Main actual value
1. Consistent Useful Data are generated in a timely continuity and must also remain in this continuity during
transmission to the drive in order to guarantee an appropriate functioning of the
drive.
2. Load/Transfer Instructions can very quickly consistently transmit up to 2 words. For that reason, they are suitable
for the PCD area of PPO types 1 and 3.
3. System Functions SFC14/15 can also consistently transmit larger amounts of data. They are necessary for
the PKW area with 4 words and for all PCD lengths greater than 4 bytes.
General Principle The PPO types are synonymus with the cyclic data exchange with drives. Their main
task is the transmission of fast process data between the automation and all drives
located on the bus.
Communication with the PPO Type 3 is a cyclical data exchange that is very easy to
program.
From the SIMATIC CPU, the control word and, if necessary, the main setpoint are sent
to the MM 420. In the response telegram, the MM 420 returns the status word and the
main actual value.
Since only a maximum of two words have to be transferred to the MM420, load and
transfer instructions suffice in the program. With the doubleword transfer, the data
consistency is also ensured.
Except for changing the setpoint speed, no other parameters can be modified. This is
only possible for the PPO Typ 1.
Control Word The control word contains 16 binary signals for controlling (ON/OFF, direction of
rotation) the drive. In our parameter assignment, the signals are transferred to the MM
420 with the instruction T QW 56.
Main Setpoint The main setpoint is the setpoint speed. If this is to be changed from the CPU, it takes
place together with the control word with the instruction T QD 56.
Note Control and status words conform to the regulations according to PROFIdrive Profile
Version 2.0 and Version 3.0 for the operating mode "Speed control".
The exact assignment is described on the following pages.
MICROMASTER
Control Word The control word is a collection of 16 internal binary signals that have to be available for
the internal sequence control system / closed-loop controller of the inverter. When
inverter and SIMATIC S7 are linked with one another using Profibus, the control word
can be ‘made available‘ using an associated output word, such as QW56. You will find
a possible example in FC42.
The control word (bits 0 to 10) conforms to the Standard PROFIdrive Profile. Bit 11 to
15 is MICROMASTER specific.
ON/OFF1 To switch on, an edge change is necessary and OFF2 and OFF3 may not be active.
During switching off, the motor brakes on the braking ramp of the ramp-function
generator and the inverter then switches off.
OFF2 The motor ramps down without braking (coasts to a standstill) and the inverter switches
off immediately.
OFF3 The motor brakes with the back edge of the out signal. The inverter remains on.
15 Inverter overload
Status Word The status word is a collection of 16 internal binary signals that are made available
from the internal sequence control system / closed-loop controller of the inverter. When
inverter and SIMATIC S7 are linked with one another using Profibus, the status word
can be monitored and analyzed using an associated input word such as IW56.
The status word (bits 0 to 10) conforms to the Standard PROFIdrive Profile. Bit 11 to 15
is MICROMASTER specific.
Switch-on Inhibit This status is reached after an error elimination and acknowledgement of a drive fault.
A subsequent switching on is only possible through OFF1 and then ON.
Warning, Message Messages (bit 13, bit 15) and Warnings (bit 11).
7
1 2 No OFF 3 1 2 Drive operation enabled
1 3 Drive operation enabled 0 3 Fault
1 4 Ramp-function Generator Enable 0 4 No OFF 2
1 5 Ramp-function Generator Activate 0 5 No OFF 3
7
0
1 6 Setpoint Enable 0 6 Switch-on inhibit
0 7 Acknowledge 0 7 Warning
0 8 Jog right 0 8 Set/Act overload in tolerance band
0 9 Jog left 0 9 Control from PLC requested
4
4
1 10 Control from PLC 1 10 f/n achieved
0 11 Setpoint Invert 0 11 Warning Motor at current limit
0 12 Reserve 0 12 Motor holding brake
0 13 Motor Potentiometer up 0 13 Motor overload
0
0
0 14 Motor Potentiometer down 0 14 Motor runs right
0 15 Local/Remote Control 0 15 Inverter overload
The
The drive-specific
drive-specific bits
bits can
can be
be found
found in
in the
the instruction
instruction manuals
manuals of
of the
the respective
respective module.
module.
General The two tables represent the assignment of control word and status word according to
the ProfiDrive Profile.
Note In so far as you want to experiment by supplying the bits in the control word with values
using the simulator switch, you can compensate the "Byte rotation" through the
instruction CAW:
Task The goal of this exercise is to write a parameter-assignable function block FB44 that
fulfills the control of the drive according to the following information and that uses the
jump distributor instruction JL to do so:
What to Do 1. Use the simple Load and Transfer instructions in connection with the PPO Type 3.
2. Also ensure that the drive can be switched off at any time through the signal
#Motor_off.
3. Indicate the respective actual speed through the output parameter
#Actual_frequency.
4. Test your solution by specifying different values (test function: Modify Variable) in
MW 44. Specify the signal for fast switch off through the bit memory M 46.0.