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Science >> Physics >> Astronomy

Astronomy for Kids

Constellations
What is a constellation?

A constellation is a group of visible stars that form a pattern when viewed from Earth. The pattern they form may
take the shape of an animal, a mythological creature, a man, a woman, or an inanimate object such as a
microscope, a compass, or a crown.

How many constellations are there?

The sky was divided up into 88 different constellations in 1922. This included 48 ancient constellations listed by
the Greek astronomer Ptolemy as well as 40 new constellations.

Star Maps

The 88 different constellations divide up the entire night sky as seen from all around the Earth. Star maps are made
of the brightest stars and the patterns that they make which give rise to the names of the constellations.

The maps of the stars represent the position of the stars as we see them from Earth. The stars in each constellation
may not be close to each other at all. Some of them are bright because they are close to Earth while others are
bright because they are very large stars.

Hemispheres and Seasons

Not all of the constellations are visible from any one point on Earth. The star maps are typically divided into maps
for the northern hemisphere and maps for the southern hemisphere. The season of the year can also affect what
constellations are visible from where you are located on Earth.

Famous Constellations

Here are a few of the more famous constellations:

Orion

Orion is one of the most visible constellations. Because

of its location, it can be seen throughout the world.
Orion is named after a hunter from Greek mythology.
Its brightest stars are Betelgeuse and Rigel.

Constellation Orion

Ursa Major

Ursa Major is visible in the northern hemisphere. It means "Larger Bear" in Latin. The Big Dipper is part of the
Ursa Major constellation. The Big Dipper is often used as a way to find the direction north.

Ursa Minor

Ursa Minor means "Smaller Bear" in Latin. It is located near Ursa Major and also has the pattern of a small ladle
called the Little Dipper as part of its larger pattern.

Draco

The Draco constellation can be viewed in the northern

hemisphere. It means "dragon" in Latin and was one of
the 48 ancient constellations.
Pegasus

The Pegasus constellation is named after the flying

horse by the same name from Greek mythology. It can
be seen in the northern sky.

Constellation Draco

The Zodiac

The zodiac constellations are the constellations that are located within a band that is about 20 degrees wide in the
sky. This band is considered special because it is the band where the Sun, the Moon, and the planets all move.

There are 13 zodiac constellations. Twelve of these are also used as signs for the zodiac calendar and astrology.

Capricornus
Aquarius
Pisces
Aries
Taurus
Gemini
Cancer
Leo
Virgo
Libra
Scorpius
Sagittarius
Ophiuchus

Uses for Constellations

Constellations are useful because they can help people to recognize stars in the sky. By looking for patterns, the
stars and locations can be much easier to spot.

The constellations had uses in ancient times. They were used to help keep track of the calendar. This was very
important so that people knew when to plant and harvest crops.

Another important use for constellations was navigation. By finding Ursa Minor it is fairly easy to spot the North
Star (Polaris). Using the height of the North Star in the sky, navigators could figure out their latitude helping ships
to travel across the oceans.

Interesting Facts about Constellations

The largest constellation by area is Hydra which is 3.16% of the sky.

The smallest is Crux which only takes up 0.17 percent of the sky.
Small patterns of stars within a constellation are called asterisms. These include the Big Dipper and Little
Dipper.
The word "constellation" comes from a Latin term meaning "set with stars."
Twenty two different constellation names start with the letter "C."

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More Astronomy Subjects

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Saturn Constellations
Uranus Solar and Lunar Eclipse
Neptune
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