Water is the source of life. It plays a significant role here in our home planet Earth.

Approximately 70% of the freshwater goes to agriculture.

The most important use of water in the field of agriculture is for IRRIGATION. It contributes on the healthy growth of plants, crops, fruits and
vegetables planted by farmers. Without this, there would be no existence of organic food s. It is the key component to produce a certain type of food.
Fishing in saltwater and freshwater is one of the major sources of sea foods here in the world it is where fishes, sharks, seaweeds and other edible
sea creatures live. Water is where fishers depend on. It is where humans depend on.

In terms of water preservation, collection, protection and distribution, the concept of dam comes in. Water collected by dams is not only
suppressed but it also contributes in irrigation, aquaculture, human consumption and industrial uses. It also distributes water in different locations that
need water for the irrigation of their farms. Water collected by dams is often used in power generation, e.g. hydroelectric energy. Most hydroelectric
power or energy comes from the potential energy of the dammed water. It may be run through a penstock. A penstock is simple model that uses
pumped- storage hydroelectricity which produces electricity. Dams are generally used to control floods. It collects water from the rain and releases
gradually to prevent massive floods and massive amount of water.

One of the biggest dams constructed in Southeast Asia is the San Roque Dam. The San Roque Dam, operated under San Roque
Multipurpose Project (SRMP) is a 200-meter-tall, 1.2 kilometer long hydroelectric power plant on the Agno River. It is the largest dam in the
Philippines and sixteenth largest in the world. Located in the municipality of San Roque, San Manuel, Pangasinan, it however affects the Itogon town
of Benguet. The reservoir and dam sit right in between the boundary of Itogon, Benguet and the towns of San Manuel and San Nicolas, Pangasinan
and is nearly 200 km north of Metro Manila. The project started construction in May 1998. The dam impounds a reservoir with a surface area of
about 12.8 square kilometers extending north into the municipality of Itogon, Benguet. A gated spillway protects the dam from overtopping. Each wet
season, the run-off is stored for later release via water turbines to generate power and irrigate crops. Agno River is the third largest river in
the Philippines with a total length of 221 kilometers and a drainage basin at the Project site of 1,225 square kilometers. The river originates in the
Cordillera Mountains, initially flows from north to south and divides into several channels in the flat central plain of Luzon and meanders westerly
through the provinces of Pangasinan and Tarlac before emptying into the Lingayen Gulf. San Roque Power Corporation (SRPC) (owned by the
(50%) Marubeni Corporation and (50%) Kansai Electric Power Co. Ltd) financed and constructed the SRMP under a power purchase
agreement (PPA) with the National Power Corporation (NPC) on a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) basis. SRPC substantially completed the SRMP at
midnight, February 14, 2003, at which time its peaking power, irrigation, flood control and enhanced water quality benefits became available to the
surrounding regions, which include the Northwest Luzon Economic Growth Quadrangle. In reality, all but its power benefits have been available since
May 1, 2003 when the dam and spillway were completed. Ownership of the dam and spillway was transferred to NPC upon construction completion,
as it contributed funds for the non-power components on behalf of several agencies. SRPC will own and operate the power generating facilities for 25
years, after which their ownership transfers to NPC.