Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Tobacco smoking habit is an important health and social problem which begins in childhood
and adolescence. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 1.3 billion of the world
population smoke cigarettes .Health consequences of tobacco smoking can be observed in adults as
nicotine dependent diseases, but nicotine abuse takes place earlier.
The aim of the study was to examine Polish students' smoking behavior. A group of 671
students completed a questionnaire about smoking. 53.1% of them tried smoking at least once. The
most common age at an attempt to smoke was 18 years. Males tried smoking earlier than females.
23.1% were active smokers during the study. The age of 18 was the most common time when
smoking became regular. Males smoked more frequently than females. There were significant
differences between the kind of school and the frequency of smoking. Students of smoking parents
smoked more frequently than those of non-smoking ones. Most smokers (80%) were aware of
detrimental effects of addict and declared a will to quit smoking.
We conclude that a large percentage of Polish students smoke. Anti-tobacco prevention must
be started early, before the age of 18 and continued up to 21.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2008, www.jpp.krakow.pl
1
B. Text Exploration. (07,5 pts)
1. Find in the text words that are closest in meaning to the following:
a. To check ( § 2 ) = b. regularly ( § 2 ) =
2. Find in the text words that are opposite in meaning to the following:
a. rare( § 2 ) ≠ b. unaware( § 1 ) ≠
3. Rewrite the following sentences using the connectors between brackets:
a. Children are in danger of smoking.
Parents don’t control their children. (as a result)
b. Students get bad marks.
Students do not prepare themselves.(because)
4. Report the following sentences:
a. He asked;” what are the dangers of smoking?”
b. He asked………………………………………………….
a. He answered smoking could cause cancer.
b. He answered;”………………………………………………..”
a. He advised;” stop smoking!”
b. He advised ……………………………………………………
You probably know about the relationship ……………….smoking and lung cancer, but did you
know smoking is also linked to heart disease, stroke and other chronic lung ……………….?
Smoking can also ………………… your risk for cancer of the bladder, throat and mouth,
kidneys, cervix and pancreas. ……………………. about quitting? Look at the facts!
Topic two:
Global warming or green house effect is the phenomenon that face the earth.
Write a short paragraph in which you talk about this phenomenon.
2
Good luck
Your teachers