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Presented by
Dr. Fahmida Khatun
Executive Director, CPD
At the dialogue on
“Addressing Rohingya Crisis: Options for Bangladesh”
Organised by
1. Introduction
5. Budgetary Implications
2
Study Team
MD. Kamruzzaman
Research Associate, CPD
Subroto Dey
Programme Associate, CPD
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Acknowledgement
• The study team would like to acknowledge the valuable support of several
organisations and individuals in preparing this presentation. The organisations
include: Action for Hunger (ACF), BRAC, UNHCR, WaterAid, office of the District
Commissioner, Cox’s Bazar, office of the UNO, Ukhiya Upazilla, Cox’s Bazar, and
Bangladesh Army working in Cox’s Bazar. Special thanks to Mr. Abu Zafar Mohammed
Saifuddin for organising the field visits in Cox’s Bazar.
• Useful suggestions have been provided by Professor Mustafizur Rahman,
Distinguished Fellow, CPD, Dr. Debapriya Bhattacharya, Distinguished Fellow, CPD,
Dr. Khondaker Golam Moazzem, Research Director, CPD, and Mr. Towfiqul Islam Khan,
Research Fellow, CPD.
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1. Introduction
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1. Introduction
1.2. Objectives
• The dialogue provides a platform to have an open and in-depth exchange of views
on the emergent Rohingya crisis.
• The specific objectives of this presentation are as follows:
i. To understand the different dimensions of the Rohingya Crisis such as
humanitarian, geo-political, regional cooperation, security, economic, social
and environment.
ii. To assess the implications of the Rohingya Crisis for Bangladesh in terms of
dealing with the challenges through relief operation and coordination,
resource management, domestic and foreign policies and security measures.
iii.To make a set of recommendations for addressing the Rohingya crisis.
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1. Introduction
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2. Understanding the Rohingya Crisis
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2. Understanding the Rohingya Crisis
Source: Report on Relief Distribution to Myanmar Nationals in Cox’s Bazar, (Relief and Rehabilitation Branch, DC, Cox’s
bazar, Bangladesh; Memorandum No. 51.01.2200.000.24.016.17-555), 26 October, 2017
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2. Understanding the Rohingya Crisis
821,000 Rohingyas
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2. Understanding the Rohingya Crisis
Teknaf, Ukhiya,
21.07 59.1
Ukhiya Teknaf
Source: Report on Relief Distribution to Myanmar Nationals in Cox’s Bazar, (Relief and Rehabilitation Branch, DC, Cox’s
Bazar, Bangladesh; Memorandum No. 51.01.2200.000.24.016.17-555); 26 October , 2017
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2. Understanding the Rohingya Crisis
Figure 3: Rohingya Sites in Bangladesh (by
2.2. Recent Crisis and Influx population and area)
to Bangladesh
• Figure 3 shows the distribution and
estimated number of the Rohingyas
(based on UN OCHA figures) living in
different areas of Cox’s Bazar.
Retrieved from:
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/system/files/documents/files/171107_cox
_bazar_reference_map_with_pop_id0156.pdf
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
Source: UN OCHA
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
Source: https://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sc13055.doc.htm
Source: http://www.bscn.nl/sanctions-consulting/sanctions-list-countries
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
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3. Dealing with the Recent Challenges
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
4.1. Challenges
• Bangladesh will face several challenges due to the emergent Rohingya crisis from 3 main aspects –
economic, social and environmental. The extent of the impact of such challenges will depend on the
length of stay of the Rohingyas.
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
Locals Rohingyas
- Some schools are being used as - The schools in the new camps do
military barracks to hold the not teach Bangla
soldiers
- Students are skipping colleges to - Many families send their children
work in the camps to Maqtabs in the camps
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
Deforesta
Ecosyste tion
m and
Bio Land
diversity Degradat
ion
Rohingy
Waste a Influx
Manage
ment Scarcity
of CPRs
Indoor
Air
Pollution
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
Acre
• Due to Rohingya influx, initial 1000
525 450 530
loss of forest area: 3,500 acres 500 206 162 150 92
49 Acre
0
• Which is equivalent to 1.67%
Hakimpara
Others Camp
Kutupalong:
Balukhali:
Shofiullah:
Tajnima:
Moynarghona:
Hoyaikong:
Ukhiya:
loss in Cox’s bazar forest area and
0.05% loss in total national
forest area.
Camp Area
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4. Impact of the Rohingya Crisis
Waste Generation
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5. Budgetary Implications
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5. Budgetary Implications
Total 83.7
Protection 7.7
Community Empowerment 5
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5. Budgetary Implications
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5. Budgetary Implications
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5. Budgetary Implications
Table 3: Estimation of requirements by UNHCR for 6 months (September 2017- February 2018)
Table 4: CPD estimation of requirements for 10 months (September 2017- June 2018)
Assumptions:
Donors do not incur the total
fund requirement Share of
GoB pays 50% of the required Total Cost to Budget
funds GoB: 2017-18:
Shelter and WASH structures USD 167.8
0.4%
from last period still remains million
usable or
Share of
Inflation rate during FY2017- BDT 1,356
crore GDP:
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0.1%
5.8% (7th FYP)
Exchange Rate
USD 1 = BDT 80.8 (BB:
September 2017)
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5. Budgetary Implications
Assumptions:
Donors do not incur the total Share of
fund requirement Budget 2018-
GoB pays 50% of the required Total Cost to
19:
funds GoB: 0.8%
Since the area is disaster prone, USD240 million
half of the shelters and WASH or
Share of
structures have to be built BDT 2,000 crore
GDP**:
Inflation rate during FY2018-19
0.13%
5.7% (7th FYP)
Exchange Rate for FY2018-19
USD 1 = BDT 83.1 (7th FYP)
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6. Conclusions and Recommendations
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6. Conclusions and Recommendations
• The Rohingya crisis has given rise to multi-dimensional problem for Bangladesh.
• While the government of Bangladesh and international and non-government
organisations are playing the critical role to provide humanitarian support to the
Rohingyas, major global players are yet to take strong positions in resolving the
crisis.
• In view of the emergent challenges, a number of measures need to be
undertaken. Some of these are as follows :
The Government of Bangladesh has to continue energetic diplomacy, particularly
with the regional partners to solve the problem. Platforms such as BIMSTEC and
BCIM which aim to deepening regional and sub-regional trade, investment and
transport connectivity should be used for arriving at a solution.
Extra-regional platforms such as ASEAN should play a role for addressing the
crisis.
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6. Conclusions and Recommendations
An in-depth study to assess the short, medium and long-term implications for
domestic and foreign resources should be undertaken. All explicit and implicit costs
related to the Rohingya crisis should be estimated.
Preparation for post-Geneva follow-up meeting for resource mobilisation has to
begin now.
Support for the Rohingyas from the donors such as the World Bank should in the
form of grants only. Hence, World Bank’s grant and loan components should be
unpacked.
Security measures in the Rohingya camps and adjacent areas, particularly in the
Southern of the country have to be strengthened. The law enforcing agencies have
to be vigilant to stop illegal activities, drug trade, trafficking and terrorism.
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Thank You
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