FACILITIES: Examples

FACILITIES DESIGN
An Introduction • Production: any discrete parts or process industry facilities
• Health care: hospitals, clinics, rehab. centers, nursing home
• Education: schools, colleges, day care centers, libraries
• Food: restaurants, fast-food places, banquet halls
By
• Commercial/Residential: shopping malls, office buildings,
Rakesh Nagi banks, houses, hotels, motels
Department of Industrial Engineering • Government/Public Services: court house, IRS, INS, post
office,
SUNY at Buffalo • Military: barracks, control rooms
• Transportation: airports, train stations, bus terminals
• Public assembly: stadia, auditoriums, theaters
UB State University of New York at Buffalo
Department of Industrial Engineering • Religious: temples, chapels, churches UB

FACILITIES: Examples FACILITIES PLANNING

FACILITIES PLANNING
SUMMARY • Determines how an activity's tangible fixed assets best
support achieving the activity's objectives.
• Fixed assets like building structures and inanimate
resources that support the operations of a given activity. • Planning determines course of action ahead of time so
subsequent decisions can be made efficiently
• Facilities put together with humans, $ and/or materials,
energy result in the activity • Design more technical details that with a use of model,
describe the implementation of the plan
Disciplines involved in facilities design
• Engineering: Civil, electrical, mechanical, industrial
• Architects, consultants, contractors, managers, real-
estate people, personnel from the activity, etc.
UB State University of New York at Buffalo
Department of Industrial Engineering
UB

Major functions of facilities design Facilities Planning Hierarchy

engineering viewpoint
Facilities
• Location of the facility placement of the facility Location

w.r.t customers/suppliers Facilities Structural

Planning Design
• Choice of resources
Facilities Layout
• Layout of resources/components Design Design

• Performance evaluation Handling system

The design process ends when the implementation
phase of the physical design begins
UB State University of New York at Buffalo
Department of Industrial Engineering
Design
• Structure design: building and support services - gas,
water, light, air,…
• Layout design: space requirements and location of
resources in available space.
• Handling system design: movement of material,
people, information and equipment. UB

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 2. Motivation 2. Motivation
2.1 Reasons for facilities planning/design 2.2 Importance of facilities planning

• 1st phase in facility's life cycle, significant savings

• New field of endeavor can accrue
• Expansion due to volume or diversity
• Replacing an obsolete facility Cost of
changes

• Relocating or consolidation
• Llegal: Occupational Safety & Health Act (1970) Plan Design Install Operate Dispose

UB State University of New York at Buffalo

Department of Industrial Engineering
UB State University of New York at Buffalo
Department of Industrial Engineering

Problem symptoms New needs

2. Motivation
2.2 Importance of facilities planning 1. Problem Definition
3. Facilities
• Majority of an organization's capital investment is in
Planning
facilities -- 8% of GNP ($250 billion) spent annually of
2. Analysis
Process
facilities.
3. Synthesis
• Single most important cause of high material handling costs
is lack of strategic facilities planning
Design 1 Design 2 Design n
•••
• Material handling account for 20 - 50% of operating costs in
manufacturing
4. Evaluation
• Effective material handling can reduce costs by 10 - 30%
• Long term effect: versatility, expandability, flexibility
5. Selection
• Environmental implications: hazardous waste disposal
• Safety, convenience, appearance - influence worker morale 6. Implementation
State University of New York at Buffalo
• Lead to economic development
UB Department of Industrial Engineering

3. Facilities Planning Process 3. Facilities Planning Process

3.1 Problem Definition 3.x Continued

• Criteria, wishes, constraints -- data: products / services to 3.2 and 3.3 Analysis & synthesis: Fact gathering;
delivered and quantities primary and secondary support activities and their
• Objective: to maximize overall efficiency & minimize total interrelationship -- space required
costs. • Alternatives: generated by a search procedure
• Important costs: – Exert the necessary effort
– Design - Construction - Installation - MH – Do not get bogged down in details too soon
– Transportation/distribution – Make liberal use of the questioning attitude
- Operating & maintenance
– Seek many alternatives
– Wip - Change
– Avoid conservatism
• Criteria: may be mathematical function or wishes – Avoid premature satisfaction or rejection
– Productivity - Capital investment - Space utilization – Refer to analogous problems for ideas
– Flexibility - Mh effectiveness - Aesthetics – Attempt to divorce your thinking from the existing solution
– Consult others
State University of New York at Buffalo State University of New York at Buffalo
UB Department of Industrial Engineering – Try the group approach
UBDepartment of Industrial Engineering

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 3. Facilities Planning Process 4. The Design Cycle
3.x Continued

3.4 Evaluation: use models to assess performance

w.r.t.. criteria
– Scale (iconic) models - Symbolic (mathematical) models
– List of pros and cons - Ranking
– Factor analysis - Cost comparison
3.5 Selection: approvals
3.6 Implementation: physical execution and
monitoring
“Single most important cause of high material
handling costs is lack of strategic
facilities planning”

UB State University of New York at Buffalo

Department of Industrial Engineering
UB State University of New York at Buffalo
Department of Industrial Engineering

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