Block 2

1. Group of painful vesicles- HSV-1

2. Swelling along the line - Fibromas
3. Herpes labialis - herpes simplex virus 1
4. oral thrush - candida albicans
5. squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and esophagus - hpv 16
6. DENTIGEROUS CYST - originates around the crown of an unerupted teeth
7. ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYSTS - typically located within posterior mandible
8. PERIAPICAL CYST - Occuring at the tooth apex resulting from long-standing pulpitis.
9. Candidiasis- superficial, curdlike, gray to white inflammatory membrane, readily scraped off
10. Fibroma- occur most often on the buccal mucosa along the bite line
11. Chronic gastritis- H.pylori
12. Esophageal varices- schistosomiasis (hepatic)
13. Secondary achlasia- T.cruzi
14. Esophagitis with infection- CMV
15. Arrange in sequence the pathogenesis of NSAID-induced ulcers using letters
a. Direct chemical irritation
b. Cyclooxygenase inhibition
c. Prevents prostaglandin synthesis
d. Inhibit bicarbonate secretion
e. Increased acid synthesis
f. Decreased secretion of protective mucus and decreased vascular perfusion
16. Characteristic of mucocele except:
a. Swelling of the lower lip
b. Cystic space lined by inflammatory granulation tissue
c. Caused by Staph aureus
d. Filled with mucin and macrophages
17. Which is not correct about neoplasm of salivary gland?
18. Stenosis- narrowing caused by fibrous thickening of submucosa, atrophy of muscularis propria
and secondary epithelial damage
19. Atresia- thin non canalized cord, most commonly at the tracheal bifurcation
20. Fistula- abnormal connection can result in aspiration, suffocation, pneumonia, or severe fluid
and electrolyte imbalances
21. Achalasia-esophageal dysmotility, degenerative changes in neural inneravtion
22. Causative agents of the following:
a. Herpes labialis
b. Oral thrush
c. Squamous cell carcinoma
d. cyaladenitis
23. Leukoplakia-white patch or plaque that cannot be scrapped off
24. Erythroplakia-red velvety, flat or slightly depressed
25. Herpes simplex virus infections-ballooned infected cells with large eosinophilic intranuclear
inclusion
26. Pyogenic granuloma-richly vascular pedunculated gingival mass
27. Which is not correct about the diseases of d salivary gland- the malignant mixed tumor is most
common tumor..
28. Which of the following is not true regarding mucocele???
a. Swelling of lower lip
a. filled with mucin and macrophages
b. inflammatory granulation tissue.
c. I don't remember the one option...
For answer- the remaining option would be. Bcoz the above options are true with mucocele
29. Superficial, curdlike, gray to white inflammatory membrane readily scraped off to reveal an
underlying erythematouse base - Candidiasis(Thrush)
30. Superficial mucosal ulceration covered by a thin exudate and rimmed by a narrow zone of
erythema - Canker Sores.
31. Group of small (1 to 3mm) painful vesicles- herpes simplex virus infection.
32. Stress ulcers= critically ill patients with shock, sepsis, or severe trauma
33. Curling ulcers= occurring in proximal duodenum associated with severe burns or trauma
34. Cushing ulcers = stomach, duodenum, or esophagus of persons with intracranial disease, have a
high incidence of perforation
35. Marginal ulcers (anastomotic ulcers) = may occur following partial gastrectomy; remaining
stomach connection to small intestine.
36. Characteristics of salivary mucocele except
a. Crypts
b. Swelling of lower lip
c. Staph aureus
d. Mucin and macrophage
37. True of neoplasms except
a. Parotid most common
b. Most common malignant:
c. Most common benign: Pleomorphic
d. Sublingual
38. Intestinal metaplasia within the esophageal squamus mucosa-Barrett esophagus
39. Most common frequent cause of esophagitis-GERD
40. More common tumor of esophagus-SCC.
41. Arrange in sequence the pathogenesis of NSAID-induced ulcers using letters
a. Direct chemical irritation
b. Cyclooxygenase inhibition
c. Prevents prostaglandin synthesis
d. Inhibit bicarbonate secretion
e. Increased acid synthesis
f. Decreased secretion of protective mucus and decreased vascular perfusion
42. Occurs on the bucal mucosa along the bite line – fibromas
43. Richly vascular and ulcerated - pyogenic granulomas
44. Flagella- allow the bacteria to be motile in viscous mucus
45. Urease- generates ammonia from endogenous urea, thereby elevating local gastric pH around
the organism and protecting the bacteria from the acidic pH of the stomach
46. Adhesins- enhance bacterial adherence to surface foveolar cells
47. Cytotoxin associated gene A- involved in ulcer or cancer development by poorly defined Acute
Peptic Ulceration
48. Foregut carcinoid tumor
49. Midgut CT
50. Hindgut CT
 51. Chronic gastritis – H. pylori
52. Achlasia secondary – T. cruzi
53. Esophageal varice – schistosomiasis
54. Infectious esophagitis – CMV
55. Overtime, chronic antral H. pylori gastritis progression.
56. Behcet disease – genital ulcers and uveitis
57. Sjogren syndrome – dry mouth and eyes
58. Mallory weiss syndrome – retching/ vomiting
59. Hematocrit male – 0.40 to 0.54
60. Hemoglobin male – 14.0 to 17.5 g/dl
61. RBC count female – 4.5 to 5.5 x 10 12 /L
62. Anatomic site of partial gastrectomy.
63. Critically ill patient with shock, sepsis or severe trauma.
64. Proximal duodenum associated in patient with burns.
65. stomach, esophagus or duodenum of persons with intracranial disease have a high incidence of
perforation.
66. Anastamotic ulcer occur following partial gastrectomy
67. characteristic of salivary mucocele D. filled with mucous
68. characteristic of neoplasm of salivary gland, except
a. .most common sublingual malignacy
b. most common parotid malignancy
69. Hyperemic superficial mucosal ulcerations covered by a thin exudate and rimmed by a narrow
zone of erythema - Apthous Ulcer
70. Sialadenitis- Mumps Virus
71. Trace the pathogenesis for lower esophageal adenocarcinoma using capital letters
a. Decrease Lower Esophageal Sphincter tone or increase abdominal pressure
b. GERD
c. Intestinal Metaplasia (Barrett’s Esophagus)
d. Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
72. Trace the pathogenisis of Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Label with letters.
a. H.pylori infection
b. Generates ammonia
c. Increase production of acid
d. Chronic gastritis
e. Peptic ulcer disease
f. Gastric adenocarcinoma