Managing E-Waste (Project Report Sample)

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Green computing in household
Project
On
GREEN COMPUTING IN HOUSEHOLD

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the B.Sc. of
First Year
(Information Technology)
By
Ms. Cilla Mary Mathew
Roll No/Seat No-19
Under the Guidance of
Asst. Prof.
Vipul Mahajan sir
Department of Information Technology

KERALEEYA SAMAJAM (REGD.) DOMBIVLI’S
MODEL COLLEGE
Re-Accredited Grade ’A’ by NAAC
Model College, Dombivli’s

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KERALEEYA SAMAJAM (REGD.)

DOMBIVLI’S
MODEL COLLEGE
Re-Accredited Grade ’A’ by NAAC
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that

Ms. Cilla Mary Mathew
Have satisfactorily completed the requirements of the Project entitled
“Green Computing in household”

As prescribed by the University of Mumbai Under the guidance of
Asst. Prof. Vipul Mahajan sir

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Examiner
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincere gratitude towards my guide, Asst. Prof Vipul sir for the help,
guidance and encouragement, he provided during the Special topic seminar. This work would
have not been possible without his valuable time, patience and motivation. I thank him for
making my stint thoroughly pleasant and enriching. It was great learning and an honor being his
student.
I am deeply indebted to Dr. B.S.Ajit Kumar and the entire team in the Information Technology
Department. They supported me with scientific guidance, advice and encouragement, they were
always helpful and enthusiastic and this inspired me in my work.
I take the privilege to express my sincere thanks to Dr.B.S.Ajit Kumar our Principal for
providing the encouragement and much support throughout my work.
Cilla Mary Mathew

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Abstract
Green Computing is a recent trend towards designing, building, and operating computer systems.
To is energy efficient. While programs such as Energy Star have been around since the early
1990s, recent concerns regarding global climate change and the energy crisis have led to renewed
interest in Green Computing. Data centers are significant consumers of energy – both to power
the computers as well as to provide the necessary cooling. This paper proposes a new approach
to reduce energy utilization in data centers. In particular, our approach relies on consolidating
services dynamically onto a subset of the available servers and temporarily Shutting down
servers in order to conserve energy. We present initial work on a probabilistic service dispatch
algorithm that aims at minimizing the number of running servers such that they suffice for
meeting the quality of service required by service-level agreements. Given the estimated energy
consumption and projected growth in data centers, the proposed effort has the potential to
positively impact energy consumption.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No. Caption Page

No.

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LIST OF TABLE
Table No. Content Page No.
Chapter 1
Introduction

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Green computing or green IT refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. In the

article Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines the field of
green computing as "the study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing
of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage
devices, and networking and communications systems—efficiently and effectively with
minimal or no impact on the environment." The goals of green computing are similar to
green chemistry; reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during
the product's lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products
and factory waste. Research continues into key areas such as making the use of computers as
energy-efficient as possible, and designing algorithms and systems for efficiency-related
computer technologies.
Chapter 2
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Literature Survey
2.1 Brief History
In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling
program which is designed to promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate
control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted in the widespread adoption of sleep
mode among consumer electronics. The term "green computing" was probably coined shortly
after the Energy Star program began; there are several USENET posts dating back to 1992 which
use the term in this manner. Concurrently, the Swedish organization TCO Development launched
the TCO Certification program to promote low magnetic and electrical emissions from CRT-
based computer displays; this program was later expanded to include criteria on energy
consumption, ergonomics, and the use of hazardous materials in construction.
2.2 Various approaches

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 Principles and Practices, San Murugesan defines the field of green computing as "the
study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers,
servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and
networking and communications systems—efficiently and effectively with minimal or no
impact on the environment." Murugesan lays out four paths along which he believes the
environmental effects of computing should be addressed: Green use, green disposal,
green design, and green manufacturing.
 Modern IT systems rely upon a complicated mix of people, networks and hardware; as
such, a green computing initiative must cover all of these areas as well. A solution may
also need to address end user satisfaction, management restructuring, regulatory
compliance, and return on investment (ROI). There are also considerable fiscal
motivations for companies to take control of their own power consumption; "of the power
management tools available, one of the most powerful may still be simple, plain,
common sense."
2.3 Advantages & disadvantages

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Advantages
o Reduced energy usage from green computing techniques translates into lower
carbon dioxide emissions, stemming from a reduction in the fossil fuel used in
power plants and transportation.
o Conserving resources means less energy is required to produce, use, and dispose of
products.
o Saving energy and resources saves money.
o Green computing even includes changing government policy to encourage
recycling and lowering energy use by individuals and businesses.
o Reduce the risk existing in the laptops such as chemical known to cause cancer,
nerve damage and immune reactions in humans.
Disadvantages
 Green computing could actually be quite costly.
 Some computers that are green may be considerably underpowered.
 Rapid technology change

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CHAPTER 3
APPLICATIONS OF GREEN COMPUTING
3.1 BASIC APPLICATIONS OF GREEN COMPUTING
 Energy-intensive manufacturing of computer parts can be minimized by making

manufacturing process more energy efficient by replacing petroleum filled plastic with
bio plastics—plant-based polymers— require less oil and energy to produce than
traditional plastics with a challenge to keep these bio plastic computers cool so that
electronics won't melt them.
 Power-sucking displays can be replaced with green light displays made of OLEDs, or
organic light-emitting diodes.
 Use of toxic materials like lead can be replaced by silver and copper.
 Making recycling of computers (which is expensive and time consuming at present) more
effective by recycling computer parts separately with an option of reuse or resale.
 Future computers could knock 10 percent off their energy use just by replacing hard
drives with solid-state, or flash, memory, which has no watt-hungry moving parts.
 Buy and use a low power desktop or a laptop computer (40-90 watts) rather a higher
power desktop (e.g. 300 watts).
 The maximum power supply (up to 1kW in some modern gaming PCs) is not as
important as the normal operating power, but note that power supply efficiency generally
peaks at about 50-75% load.
 Idle state represents 69 to 97% of total annual energy use, even if power management is
enabled.
 Computer power supplies are generally about 70–75% efficient; to produce 75 W of DC

output they require 100 W of AC input and dissipate the remaining 25 W in heat.

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 Higher-quality power supplies can be over 80% efficient; higher energy efficiency uses
less power directly, and requires less power to cool as well.
 Thin clients can use only 4 to 8 watts of power at the desktop as the processing is done by
a server.
 For desktops, buy a low power central processing unit (CPU). This reduces both power
consumption and cooling requirements.
 Buy hardware from manufacturers that have a hardware recycling scheme, and recycle
your old computer equipment rather than sending it to landfill.
 Turn your computer and monitor off when you are not using it.
 Enable hibernation using the power management settings. Standby does not save as much
power.
 Use server virtualization to aggregate multiple under-utilized servers onto more energy
efficient server infrastructure.
 Use blade servers instead of rack or standalone servers to reduce power consumption.
 Specify low energy consumption level in Request for Tender documents.
 Measure your data center power usage.
 Use server and/or web-based applications where possible to extend desktop service life
and reduce desktop software maintenance.
 Establish policies governing the acquisition, usage and disposal of computer hardware to
minimize energy consumption and environmental impact.

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3.2 Recent implementations of Green Computing
 Blackle: Blackle is a search-engine site powered by Google Search. Blackle came into
being based on the concept that when a computer screen is white, presenting an empty
word page or the Google home page, your computer consumes 74W. When the screen is
black it consumes only 59W. Based on this theory if everyone switched from Google to
Blackle, mother earth would save 750MW each year. This was a really good
implementation of Green Computing
 The principle behind Blackle is based on the fact that the display of different colors
consumes different amounts of energy on computer monitors.
 Fit-PC: a tiny PC that draws only 5w: Fit-PC is the size of a paperback and absolutely
silent, yet fit enough to run Windows XP or Linux. Fit-PC is designed to fit where a
standard PC is too bulky, noisy and power hungry. If you ever wished for a PC to be
compact, quiet and green – then fit- PC is the perfect fit for you. Fit-PC draws only 5
Watts, consuming in a day less power than a traditional PC consumes in 1 hour. You can
leave fit-PC to work 24/7 without making a dent in your electric bill.

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 Zonbu Computer: The Zonbu is a new, very energy efficient PC. The Zonbu consumes
just one third of the power of a typical light bulb. The device runs the Linux operating
system using a 1.2 gigahertz processor and 512 Meg of RAM. It also contains no moving
parts, and does even contain a fan. You can get one for as little as US$99, but it does
require you to sign up for a two-year subscription."
 The Asus Eee PC and other ultra-portables: The "ultra-portable" class of personal
computers is characterized by a small size, fairly low power CPU, compact screen, low
cost and innovations such as using flash memory for storage rather than hard drives with
spinning platters. These factors combine to enable them to run more efficiently and use
less power than a standard form factor laptop. The Asus Eee PC is one example of an
ultraportable. It is the size of a paperback, weighs less than a kilogram, has built-in Wi-Fi
and uses flash memory instead of a hard drive. It runs Linux too.
Chapter 5
5.0 Cause for Green Computing
Uses lot of electricity
Most of the natural resources are being used to get the electricity, that all have some impacts on
the environment.
Creates lots of toxic waste
Most of us are updating our computers, throwing our outdated computer resources,
peripherals, and other hardware devices etc., these are the hazardous toxic waste we
are producing that really damaging the environment now a days.

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Impact of Electricity to the Environment
The Electric power produces more pollution to the environment. They are Air
pollution, Water Pollution and Land pollution. Fossil fuel power plants release air
pollution and require lot of water. Nuclear power plants release lot of radioactive
energy and hazardous waste. Even renewable energy sources affecting water and wild
life and even hurting the food chain too.
Air pollution impacts on Climate change, Acid rain, Ozone, Air toxics
Water pollution impacts on Consumption of water resources, Polluting water bodies
Land pollution impacts on Degrade and devalue the land, impacting ecosystem and
aesthetics.
Impact of Toxic waste to the Environment
The computer crowding our landfills contains lead, mercury, cadmium, beryllium and
traces of many other hazardous materials.
Incineration, this releases heavy metals like lead, mercury and cadmium into air and
ashes. Even recycling the electronics can harm the workers and the environment
surrounding them.
So, we are putting a clean stain on the environment. We can’t stop using computers
and we can’t stop using electricity. Those are more important parts of our lives and
economy. But we can do something to make the environment healthy. These are the
some of the main causes for the Green Computing.

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Chapter 5.1
Ways for Green Computing
Reduce Power Consumption
The use of electricity in our computer is very essential. We had to make use of the computers
efficiently to save the power and cost. By managing our computer resources effectively, we can
save the power. Here the some of the techniques to power saving
By using Power Option in your Control Panel, you can save the power
Turn off monitor
This mode allows you to turn off the monitor, if the system is idle for more minutes. Use LED,
LCD monitors instead of CRTs it will reduce a lot of power. By turning off your monitor you can
save half the energy that is used by the system. So turn off the monitor when download in
progress or when it is in idle for some minutes. You can automate through this option. Turn of
monitor, after it is idle for 10 minutes, that’s what we can recommend.

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Turn off hard disks
This mode allows you to turn off hard disks if it is idle. You can automate this and what we
recommend is to set the turn off time to 30 minutes or to some other value depending upon your
usage.

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System Standby / Sleep
This mode allows you to save a lot of power, Automate this option to save power. It will turn off
the monitor, hard drive, sound card, graphics and video cards and almost everything. The current
state of your system will be saved in RAM. If you want to use it again, you can move the mouse
or touch the keyboard to make everything turn on. Draw back in this option is if there is a power
outage then the unsaved things will be gone. We can recommend this option over Hibernate
option for both desktops and laptops. Automate this by after it is idle for 15 minutes.

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Hibernate
This mode allows you to shut everything down. But the difference from sleep/ standby mode is
how it is storing your information in the RAM; it will write all the information to the hard drive
and shuts everything down. This allows you to shut down memory as in standby by you cannot.
But memory doesn’t use much power. So, we recommend this option for only laptop users if it is
running on battery. You can automate this idle after 30 minutes.

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In upcoming parts we will discuss about some other methods of power savings in your computer
and to forward us to go green with our computers
Reduce Toxic Waste
Reducing e-waste is very much important. By practicing Green Computing, we had to know how
to properly dispose the computers and other hardware devices. First check the manufacturer
information that they may take back your old product back. In now a day many concerns take the
old gadgets from you to get them recycled. Depending on where you live you can take the old
parts of your computers to nearby retailers, electronics repair shop they can dispose your
products easily to recycler.

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Approaches
Product longevity
Gartner maintains that the PC manufacturing process accounts for 70% of the natural resources
used in the life cycle of a PC] More recently, Fujitsu released a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of
a desktop that show that manufacturing and end of life accounts for the majority of this desktop's
ecological footprint. Therefore, the biggest contribution to green computing usually is to prolong
the equipment's lifetime. Another report from Gartner recommends “looking for the product
longevity, including upgradability and modularity." For instance, manufacturing a new PC makes

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a far bigger ecological footprint than manufacturing a new RAM module to upgrade an existing
one.
Data center design
Data center facilities are heavy consumers of energy, accounting for between 1.1% and 1.5% of
the world’s total energy use in 2010. The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that data center
facilities consume up to 100 to 200 times more energy than standard office buildings.
Energy efficient data center design should address all of the energy use aspects included in a data
center: from the IT equipment to the HVAC equipment to the actual location, configuration and
construction of the building.

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The U.S. Department of Energy specifies five primary areas on which to focus energy efficient
data center design best practices:
Information technology (IT) systems
Environmental conditions
Air management
Cooling systems
Electrical systems
Additional energy efficient design opportunities specified by the U.S. Department of Energy
include on-site electrical generation and recycling of waste heat.
Energy efficient data center design should help to better utilize a data center’s space, and
increase performance and efficiency.
Materials recycling
Recycling computing equipment can keep harmful materials such as lead, mercury, and
hexavalent chromium out of landfills, and can also replace equipment that otherwise would need
to be manufactured, saving further energy and emissions. Computer systems that have outlived
their particular function can be re-purposed, or donated to various charities and non-profit
organizations. However, many charities have recently imposed minimum system requirements
for donated equipment. Additionally, parts from outdated systems may be salvaged and recycled
through certain retail outlets and municipal or private recycling centers. Computing supplies,
such as printer cartridges, paper, and batteries may be recycled as well.

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A drawback too many of these schemes is that computers gathered through recycling drives are
often shipped to developing countries where environmental standards are less strict than in North
America and Europe. The Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition estimates that 80% of the post-
consumer e-waste collected for recycling is shipped abroad to countries such as China and
Pakistan.
In 2011, the collection rate of e-waste is still very low, even in the most ecology-responsible
countries like France. In this country, e-waste collection is still at a 14% annual rate between
electronic equipment sold and e-waste collected for 2006 to 2009.
The recycling of old computers raises an important privacy issue. The old storage devices still
hold private information, such as emails, passwords, and credit card numbers, which can be
recovered simply by someone's using software available freely on the Internet. Deletion of a file
does not actually remove the file from the hard drive. Before recycling a computer, users should
remove the hard drive or hard drives if there is more than one, and physically destroy it or store it
somewhere safe. There is some authorized hardware recycling companies to whom the computer
may be given for recycling, and they typically sign a non-disclosure agreement.
Governments go green

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Energy Star logo
Many governments worldwide have initiated energy-management programs, such as Energy

Star, an international standard for energy-efficient electronic equipment that was created by the
United States Environmental Protection Agency in 1992 and has now been adopted by several
other countries. Energy Star reduces the amount of energy consumed by a product by
automatically switching it into “sleep” mode when not in use or reducing the amount of power
used by a product when in “standby” mode. Surprisingly, standby “leaking,” the electricity
consumed by appliances when they are switched off, can represent as much as 12 percent of a
typical household’s electricity consumption. In Australia, standby power is a primary factor for
the country’s increased greenhouse gas emissions — more than 5 megatons (CO2 equivalent)
annually.
Worldwide, standby power is estimated to account for as much as 1 percent of global greenhouse
emissions. Most of the energy used by products on standby does not result any useful function. A
small amount can be needed for maintaining memory or an internal clock, remote-control
activation, or other features; but most standby power is wasted energy. Energy Star–enabled
products minimize this waste.
In 1998, the China National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) founded the China
Energy Conservation Program (CECP), a nonprofit organization in charge of the administration,
management, and implementation of the certification for energy- conserving, water-saving, and
environmentally friendly products. CECP is dedicated to encouraging manufacturers to produce
more resource-efficient products and help consumers make more sustainable purchase decisions.

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CECP undertakes various projects within the national and the international arena, actively
supporting improvements in energy efficiency and environmental protection and assisting social
and economic sustainable development. In Japan, the Energy Conservation Center is responsible
for raising public awareness on energy conservation, training and state examinations for energy
managers, and their energy-conservation campaign and exhibition (ENEX).
Chapter 4
Further Required Research
Advancements in green computing have become vast. There are so many new ways of
combining ecology with technology, which we practically are trying a bit of everything. Such as
using solar technology, solar technology now is being used on keyboards and mice now to reduce

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energy costs. Another green computing method is eliminating certain materials that are
hazardous to the environment, and replacing them with cleaner and efficient materials which are
biodegradable and eco-friendly. Even now certain computer components such as processor units
have reduced heat emissions, and monitors as well with their advancement of flat screens.
Not only is green computing effecting components and other various hardware, it has changed in
ways businesses use technology such as cloud computing. Cloud computing essentially is a
method of a user connecting to a network or server, through the internet. Ultimately this reduces
the need of businesses to have purchase more computers, which can emit greenhouse gases when
left on.
The practice of green computing has essentially branched off to every form of technology out
there. Cars being a great example, now with hybrids becoming main-stream, people are able to
save on gas, money, and also cutting on carbon monoxide and other various dangerous gases to
the atmosphere.
Green computing has also grasped how industries market themselves, and many realize how
going green in their technologies can aid them. One great example of green computing
corporation is Apple. "Apple has been criticized by some environmental organizations for not
being a leader in removing toxic chemicals from its new products, and for not aggressively or
properly recycling its old products" (Jobs, 2009) but that has changed, when looking now upon
Apple's computers, their unibody designs material is a great source to dissipate heat, along with
their products being able to conserve energy very well. Not only have they implemented ways in
being more eco-friendly by removing hazardous materials in their computers and products, but
their manufacturing and delivering their goods has also been altered to help the environment.
Government legislation

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The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) scheme is designed to reduce carbon emissions, in
the UK, by 1.2 tons by 2020. Through the use of green technologies the mandatory UK standard
aims at improving energy efficiency through cutting UK carbon emissions 80% by 2050. The
CRC covers all forms of energy – electricity, gas, fuel and oil – with the exception of
transportation fuels.
CRC legislation drives demand for green IT skills
Companies will soon be forced to hire new staffs that are skilled in green technology due to the
mandatory Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) scheme brought in recently. The scheme
encourages companies to improve their energy efficiency levels.
Knowing which carbon compliance scheme you fall under
You might find this flow chart useful for finding out whether you will be affected by the Carbon
Reduction Commitment (CRC) scheme, the Climate Change Agreement (CCA) or the European
Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). With more and more carbon compliance schemes,
being introduced, it is important for businesses to look in to using green technologies for better
energy efficiency rates.
Improving energy efficiency
In Europe we have a voluntary initiative aimed at reducing the environmental impact of data
centers through the use of more green technology. The EU Code of Conduct on Data Centers’

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Energy Efficiency focuses on two areas for improving energy efficiency; IT load (The amount of
IT capacity available for the power that’s consumed) and the facilities load (equipment/systems
that support the load, e.g. PDUs, UPSs) and cooling systems.
Service providers battle to reduce carbon footprint as data centers expand
According to the director of Verdantix, very few businesses have set themselves targets to boost
energy efficiency levels. His paper suggests that suppliers offset their energy usage by
purchasing renewable energy certificates from companies that provide green energy, such as
wind and solar power. This looks like the company has reduced its carbon emissions on paper,
without having to purchase any green technology.
GE goes Platinum with pioneering green data centre
GE’s data centre is one of the first in the world to be awarded the Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum Certification. The award is presented by the US Green
Building Council for IT projects that go beyond standing codes, implement green technology,
and create energy efficient buildings.
Energy saving tips: Reduce energy consumption with hot and cold aisles
These hot and cold aisle energy efficiency tips aim to help you reduce you
Ways of green computing in house hold
Following are the different ways of green computing at household level

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1. Buy "Energy Star" labeled monitors, desktops, laptops, and printers . The "Energy Star"
devices can be programmed to "power-down" to a low power state when they are not in use,
helping you save energy and run cooler which helps them last even longer. The Energy
Star specification for computers was revised on October 20, 2006 and goes into effect July 20,
2007. The specification includes new performance requirements to qualify for the Energy Star
rating for desktop and notebook computers, workstations, integrated computers, desktop-derived
servers and game consoles.
2. Put laptops in "sleep" mode when not in use. The EPA has estimated that this reduces their
energy use by 60 to 70 percent – and ultimately could save enough electricity each year to power

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Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine, cut electric bills by $2 billion, and reduces carbon dioxide
emissions by the equivalent of 5 million cars.

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3. Turn OFF computers and other equipment when not in use. Despite the debate over whether
it's better for your computer to be left on or shut off, the fact is it's better for the environment to
shut it off. Trust me, your computer can handle it just fine; in fact, computers were designed to
be turned off and back on!

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4. E-cycle used computer equipment. Find a recycler in your area. Also, Staples, the office
supply retailer, has now started a recycling program. They will accept any brands of used
desktop and notebook computers, monitors, printers, fax machines and all-in-one devices with a
fee of $10. Smaller items like keyboards, mice and speakers are free to drop off.

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5. Buy the new "Smart Strip" power strip. The Smart Strip actually senses how much power your
computer peripherals use. And when the Smart Strip senses that you've turned your computer off,
it automatically shuts off your peripherals, too, preventing them from drawing an idle current,
which is the current drawn even after equipment is shut off.
6. Print smart
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It takes resources to manufacture ink, ink cartridges and paper, so it makes sense to think about
what and when you print.
There are a number of ways that you can print smarter:
Don’t print! Think before you print and only print what really needs to be printed. Reducing the
amount that you print will save energy, ink, paper and may even help extend the life of your
printer.
Print on both sides of the paper. This can cut your paper consumption by as much as 50% and,
as an added bonus, you’ll use also less energy too when printing double-sided (according to the
U.S. Department of Energy, the saving in energy costs may amount to as much as $170 during
the life of the printer). If you need to print a substantial amount on a regular basis, consider
buying a printer that supports automatic double-sided printing as this will avoid the need for
manual-feeding (which is fine if you only print something once in a while, but not so fine if you
print multiple times per day).
Cut out waste. Blank pages and unnecessary text in print jobs can result in a substantial amount
of wasted ink and paper. A solution such as Green Print will enable you to print only what needs
to be printed – blank pages and unnecessary text such as web addresses are automatically
eliminated – reducing the amount of ink and paper that you’ll use. Green Print comes in free and
paid versions.

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7. Use power management

If you really can’t bear to completely switch off, then using power management options to put
your computer into an energy-saving sleep mode when it’s not being used is the next best thing
and will save almost as much electricity. When operating normally, a computer and LCD monitor
will use between 100 and 300 watts of electricity – but this reduces to only 1 to 6 watts in sleep
mode. Climate Savers Computing provides some recommended power management settings and
instructions on how to configure those settings.

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8. Extend the life of your current computer

If every computer was to remain in use for, say, an extra 12 months, then substantially fewer
computers would need to be produced and substantially fewer resources would be used in
manufacturing, packaging and shipping. Consequently, the longer you can delay the retirement
of your computer, the better it is for the environment. There are a couple of ways you can do this,
this first and easiest of which is to simply keep on using your current computer for longer. Add
some RAM, a bigger hard disk or a better graphics card – get as much mileage out of your
computer as you can before replacing it.
The second way to prolong the life of your computer is to make sure that it’s reused rather than
scrapped. While it may not have enough horsepower to enable you to play to latest games, your
old computer would almost certainly be appreciated by somebody who only wants to browse the
web and email. So, sell it, or give it to a needy friend or relative, or use Google to find a local
donation scheme – just don’t put it out with the garbage! Hint: before parting with your old
computer, be sure to wipe the data

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9. Buy hardware appropriate for the job

Hardware is expensive to maintain and replace. It is important that computers and other devices
are appropriate for the work that they are intended to support.
Faster computers, more memory, and larger monitors are not always necessary. In addition to
immediate costs, purchasing decisions have longer term ramifications. For example, a 23” LCD
monitor uses 65% more power than a 20” LCD monitor, according to the EU Energy Star
database.
Consider purchasing an environmentally friendly laptop that uses about 25% of the energy of a
desktop computer.

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10. Avoid phantom power from connected devices

When plugged in, a computer and other electronic devices still consume energy.
You could save as much as 10% on your energy bill simply by unplugging such devices when
they are not being used. To make this easier, buy a power strip, and plug your computer and its
peripherals into that power strip, and shut off the strip when you are not using your computer.

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11. Develop a sustainable green computing plan. Discuss with your business leaders the elements
that should be factored into such a plan, including organizational policies and checklists. Such a
plan should include recycling policies, recommendations for disposal of used equipment,
government guidelines and recommendations for purchasing green computer equipment. Green
computing best practices and policies should cover power usage, reduction of paper
Consumption, as well as recommendations for new equipment and recycling old machines.
Organizational policies should include communication and implementation

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Green computing in household

GREEN COMPUTING IN HOUSEHOLD

Under the Guidance of

Department of Information Technology

Model College, Dombivli’s

KERALEEYA SAMAJAM (REGD.)

This is to certify that

Have satisfactorily completed the requirements of the Project entitled

“Green Computing in household”

Asst. Prof. Vipul Mahajan sir

Model College, Dombivli’s

Cilla Mary Mathew

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Sr. No. Caption Page

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Green computing or green IT refers to environmentally sustainable computing or IT. In the

2.2 Various approaches

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2.3 Advantages & disadvantages

 Some computers that are green may be considerably underpowered.

 Rapid technology change

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 Energy-intensive manufacturing of computer parts can be minimized by making

 Computer power supplies are generally about 70–75% efficient; to produce 75 W of DC

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 Specify low energy consumption level in Request for Tender documents.

 Measure your data center power usage.

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3.2 Recent implementations of Green Computing

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5.0 Cause for Green Computing

Uses lot of electricity

Creates lots of toxic waste

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Impact of Electricity to the Environment

Impact of Toxic waste to the Environment

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Ways for Green Computing

Reduce Power Consumption

Turn off monitor

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Turn off hard disks

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System Standby / Sleep

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Reduce Toxic Waste

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Data center design

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s

Energy Star logo

Many governments worldwide have initiated energy-management programs, such as Energy

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Further Required Research

Model College, Dombivli’s

Model College, Dombivli’s