11

1. The percentage of the checkout times was less than 3 minutes is,  0.55  55%
20

Mid Point,
CI x f fx f x^2
1.0 - 1.9 1.45 5 7.25 10.5125
2.0 - 2.9 2.45 6 14.7 36.015
3.0 - 3.9 3.45 4 13.8 47.61
4.0 - 4.9 4.45 3 13.35 59.4075
5.0 - 5.9 5.45 2 10.9 59.405
Total 20 60 212.95

2. Calculate the mean of this frequency distribution.

1 1
Mean  x  
N
 fx  20  60  3
3. Calculate the standard deviation of this frequency distribution.

Standard deviation  s  
1
N 1
 fx 2  N x 2 


1
20  1
212.95  20  3
2

 2.829

4. Assume that the smallest observation in this dataset is 1.2 minutes. Suppose this observation were
incorrectly recorded as 0.12 instead of 1.2. Will the mean increase, decrease, or remain the same? Will
the median increase, decrease or remain the same? Explain your answers.

Changing the extreme values can change the mean, but median doesn’t effected by these changes.

Since one observation has decreased from 1.2 to 0.12, mean also decreases.

This decrease has no significant effect on median.

 30 18
Here P  A    0.8333 and P  B    0.5
36 36
5. The probability that the outcome of the second roll is an odd number, given
that the first roll is greater than 4,
P  A  B  14 36  14
P  B | A     0.4667
P  A  30 36  30
6. The events A and B are not independent, since P  B | A   P  B  .

A random sample of STAT200 weekly study times in hours is as follows:

4 14 15 17 20
4  14  15  17  20 70
Mean  x     14
5 5

7. The standard deviation  s  

1
n 1
 x  x
2

1  4  14   14  14   15  14   
2 2 2

  
4 17  14 2   20  14 2 

1
 100  0  1  9  36
4
 36.5
 6.04
8. The study time 4 is cosidered as unusual. Since it is very far away from mean
and also smaller than the standard deviation also.
The ordered series of temperatures is,

49 52 53 53 55 57 62
65 66 66 70 73

9. Five number summary

53  53 57  62
Minimum  49 Q1   53 Median   59.5
2 2
66  66
Q3   66 Maximum  73
2
1
10. Mean  x   49  52   73  60.083
12
11. Modes  53 and 66

12. The probability that a randomly selected senior is in at least one of the
two classes  1  P  None of the classes 
 45  45 
 1  1  1  
 100  80 
 1   0.55  0.4375 
 0.7594
13. The probability that a randomly selected senior takes only one class
 45  45   45  45 
  1     1   
 100  80   100  80 
 0.50625

14. Number of elements are in the sample space of this experiment  10 10 10  1, 000
15. The probability that the three numbers drawn are all multiples of 3, i.e. 3 or 6 or 9:
3 3 3

1000
 0.027
16. The expected value of x   xP  x 
 2  0.1  3  0.2   4  0.3  5  0.1  6  0.3
 0.2  0.6  1.2  0.5  1.8
 4.3
17. The standard deviation of x   x P  x    Expected value 
2 2

 4  0.1  9  0.2   16  0.3  25  0.1  36  0.3   4.3

2

 20.3  18.49
 1.345

18. The number of trials (n), probability of successes (p) and probability of
failures (q), respectively 10, 0.15 and 0.85.
19. The probability that she returns at least 2 of the 10 serves from her
 
10 10
opponent, P  X  2       0.15   0.85
10  x
 0.4557
x

x2  x 

20. The mean and standard deviation for the probability distribution
Mean  np  10  0.15   1.5
Standard deviation  npq  10  0.15  0.85  1.129

The heights of pecan trees are normally distributed with a mean    of 10 feet and
X  10
a standard deviation   of 2 feet.  Z  ~ N  0,1
2
21. The probability that a randomly selected pecan is between 10
and 12 feet tall: P 10  X  12   P  0  Z  1   1    0   0.8413  0.5000  0.3413
22. The 90th percentile of the pecan tree height distribution:
90th percentile    1.28  10  1.28  2   12.56
23. If a random sample of 25 pecan trees is selected, the standard deviation
 2
of the sample mean is, SE    0.4.
n 25
24. A random sample of 225 SAT scores has a mean of 1500. Assume that
SAT scores have a population standard deviation of 300. Construct a 95%
confidence interval estimate of the mean SAT scores.
     300  
 X  1.96   1,500  1.96      1,500  3.92  1, 496.08,1503.92
 n   225  

X   730  750
25.  a  Test Statistic, t    2.50
s n 80 100
 b  Crtitical value, t0.05,99  1.66
 c  t  1.66, we have to reject our H 0 .

X   524  530
26.  a  Test Statistic, z    2
 n 27 81
b p-value, p  2 P  z  2  2  0.02275   0.0455
c p-value  0.01, we fail to reject our H 0 . There is sufficient evidence
to justify the rejection of H 0 .

27.  a  H 0 : p1  p2 vs H a : p1  p2
pˆ1  pˆ 2 0.70  0.60
 b  Test Statistic, z    0.68
pˆ1 1  pˆ1  pˆ 2 1  pˆ 2  0.70 1  0.70  0.67 1  0.67 
 
n1 n2 250 200
c Critical value, z0.05  1.645
d 0.68  1.645, we fail to reject our H 0 . There is no sufficient evidence
to the proportion of women saying the earth is getting warmer is higher
than the proportion of men saying the earth is getting warmer.
The following table shows the required inputs for calculations used in (28) and (29).

x  x y  y  x  x  y  y 
2 2
x y
0 3 1 1 1
–1 –2 4 36 12
1 5 0 1 0
2 6 1 4 2
3 8 4 16 8
Total 5 20 10 58 23
Mean 1 4

SSxx    x  x   10
2

SS yy    y  y   58
2

SSxy    x  x  y  y   23
28. Let y   0  1 x is the required regression line, then the coefficients can
be estimated as follows:
SS 23
ˆ1  xy   2.3
SSxx 10
ˆ  y  ˆ x  4  2.3 1  1.7
0 1

29. Therefore, the required regression line, yˆ  1.7  2.3x

The predicted value when x  4 is, yˆ 4  1.7  2.3  4   10.9

30.  a  H 0 : p1  0.40, p2  0.20, p3  0.20, p4  0.10, p5  0.10.

H a : At least one proportion is different from reported value.
The expected frequencies, Ei  Npi .
E1  100  0.40   40
E2  100  0.20   20
E3  100  0.20   20
E4  100  0.10   10
E5  100  0.10   10
  Oi  Ei 2 
 b  Test Statistic,    
2

i 
 Ei 
 42  40   21  20  15  20   9  10  13  10 
2 2 2 2 2

    
40 20 20 10 10
 2.4
 c  The critical value,  0.10,4
2
 7.779
 d  Since  2   0.10,4
2
,we fail to reject our null hypothesis. There sufficient evidence to
support the claim that the published color distribution is correct.