Double Integration Method Problem 605

Determine the maximum deflection δ in a simply supported

The double integration method is a powerful tool in solving
beam of length L carrying a concentrated load P at midspan.
deflection and slope of a beam at any point because we will
be able to get the equation of the elastic curve.
Solution 605
In calculus, the radius of curvature of a curve y = f(x) is given
by

ρ=[1+(dy/dx)2]3/2|d2y/dx2|

In the derivation of flexure formula, the radius of curvature

of a beam is given as

ρ=EIM EIy′′=12Px−P⟨x−12L⟩
EIy′=14Px2−12P⟨x−12L⟩2+C1
Deflection of beams is so small, such that the slope of the
EIy=112Px3−16P⟨x−12L⟩3+C1x+C2
elastic curve dy/dx is very small, and squaring this
expression the value becomes practically negligible, hence
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore, C2 = 0

ρ=1d2y/dx2=1y′′
At x = L, y = 0
0=112PL3−16P⟨L−12L⟩3+C1L
Thus, EI / M = 1 / y''
0=112PL3−148PL3+C1L

y′′=MEI=1EIM C1=−116PL2

If EI is constant, the equation may be written as: Thus,

EIy=112Px3−16P⟨x−12L⟩3−116PL2x

EIy′′=M
Maximum deflection will occur at x = ½ L (midspan)
EIymax=112P(12L)3−16P(12L−12L)3−116PL2(12L)
where x and y are the coordinates shown in the figure of
EIymax=196PL3−0−132PL3
the elastic curve of the beam under load, y is the deflection
of the beam at any distance x. E is the modulus of elasticity ymax=−PL348EI
of the beam, I represent the moment of inertia about the
neutral axis, and M represents the bending moment at a The negative sign indicates that the deflection is below the
distance x from the end of the beam. The product EI is undeformed neutral axis.
called the flexural rigidity of the beam.

Therefore,
The first integration y' yields the slope of the elastic curve δmax=PL348EI answer
and the second integration y gives the deflection of the
beam at any distance x. The resulting solution must contain
two constants of integration since EI y" = M is of second Problem 606
order. These two constants must be evaluated from known Determine the maximum deflection δ in a simply supported
conditions concerning the slope deflection at certain points beam of length L carrying a uniformly distributed load of
of the beam. For instance, in the case of a simply supported intensity wo applied over its entire length.
beam with rigid supports, at x = 0 and x = L, the deflection y
= 0, and in locating the point of maximum deflection, we
simply set the slope of the elastic curve y' to zero.
Solution 606
From the figure below
EIy′′=12woLx−wox(12x)
EIy′′=12woLx−12wox2

Solution 607
EIy′′=−Pa+Px−P⟨x−a⟩
EIy′=−Pax+12Px2−12P⟨x−a⟩2+C1
EIy=−12Pax2+16Px3−16P⟨x−a⟩3+C1x+C2

EIy′=14woLx2−16wox3+C1
EIy=112woLx3−124wox4+C1x+C2

At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0

At x = L, y = 0
0=112woL4−124woL4+C1L At x = 0, y' = 0, therefore C1 = 0
C1=−124woL3 At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0

Therefore, Therefore,
EIy=112woLx3−124wox4−124woL3x EIy=−12Pax2+16Px3−16P⟨x−a⟩3

Maximum deflection will occur at x = ½ L (midspan) The maximum value of EI y is at x = L (free end)

EIymax=112woL(12L)3−124wo(12L)4−124woL3(12L) EIymax=−12PaL2+16PL3−16P(L−a)3

EIymax=196woL4−1384woL4−148woL4 EIymax=−12PaL2+16PL3−16P(L3−3L2a+3La2−a3)

EIymax=−5384woL4 EIymax=−12PaL2+16PL3−16PL3+12PL2a−12PLa2+16Pa3
EIymax=−12PLa2+16Pa3
δmax=5woL4384EI answer EIymax=−12PLa2+16Pa3
EIymax=−16Pa2(3L−a) answer
Taking W = woL:
δmax=5(woL)(L3)384EI
Problem 608
δmax=5WL3384EI answer
Find the equation of the elastic curve for the cantilever
beam shown in Fig. P-608; it carries a load that varies from
Problem 607 zero at the wall to wo at the free end. Take the origin at the
Determine the maximum value of EIy for the cantilever wall.
beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-607. Take the origin at the
wall.
Solution 608
V=12woL Solution 609
M=12woL(23L By symmetry
) R1=R2=P
M=13woL2
EIy′′=Px−P⟨x−a⟩−P⟨x−L+a⟩
By ratio and EIy′=12Px2−12P⟨x−a⟩2−12P⟨x−L+a⟩2+C1
proportion
EIy=16Px3−16P⟨x−a⟩3−16P⟨x−L+a⟩3+C1x+C2
zx=woL
z=woLx

F=12xz
F=12x(woLx)
F=wo2Lx2

EIy′′=−M+Vx−F(13x)
EIy′′=−13woL2+12woLx−13x(wo2Lx2)
EIy′′=−woL23+woL2x−wo6Lx3
EIy′=−woL23x+woL4x2−wo24Lx4+C1
EIy=−woL26x2+woL12x3−wo120Lx5+C1x+C2 At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
At x = L, y = 0
At x = 0, y' = 0, therefore C1 = 0 0=16PL3−16P⟨L−a⟩3+C1L
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0 0=PL3−P(L3−3L2a+3La2−a3)−Pa3+6C1L
0=PL3−PL3+3PL2a−3PLa2+Pa3−Pa3+6C1L
Therefore, the equation of the elastic curve is
0=3PL2a−3PLa2+6C1L
EIy=−woL26x2+woL12x3−wo120Lx5 answer
0=3PLa(L−a)+6C1L
C1=−12Pa(L−a)
Problem 609
As shown in Fig. P-609, a simply supported beam carries two
symmetrically placed concentrated loads. Compute the Therefore,
maximum deflection δ. EIy=16Px3−16P⟨x−a⟩3−16P⟨x−L+a⟩3−12Pa(L−a)x

Maximum deflection will occur at x = ½ L (midspan)

EIymax=16P(12L)3−16P(12L−a)3−12Pa(L−a)(12L)
EIymax=148PL3−16P[12(L−2a)]3−14PL2a+14PLa2
EIymax=148PL3−148P[L3−3L2(2a)+3L(2a)2−(2a)3]−14PL2a+1
4PLa2
EIymax=148PL3−148PL3+18PL2a−14PLa2+16Pa3−14PL2a+1
4PLa2
EIymax=−18PL2a+16Pa3
EIymax=−124Pa(3L2−4a2)
ymax=−Pa24EI(3L2−4a2)
δmax=Pa24EI(3L2−4a2)
Therefore,
EIy=16bwox3−124wo⟨x−a⟩4+16wob3x−12bwo(a+b)2x
Maximum deflection will occur at x = a + b (midspan)
EIymax=16bwo(a+b)3−124wob4+16wob3(a+b)−12bwo(a+b)
3
EIymax=−13bwo(a+b)3−124wob4+16wob3(a+b)
answer
EIymax=−124wob[8(a+b)3+b3−4b2(a+b)]

Problem 610 Therefore,

The simply supported beam shown in Fig. P-610 carries a δmax=wob24EI[8(a+b)3+b3−4b2(a+b)] answer
uniform load of intensity wo symmetrically distributed over
part of its length. Determine the maximum deflection δ and
Checking:
check your result by letting a = 0 and comparing with the
When a = 0, 2b = L, thus b = ½ L
answer to Problem 606.
δmax=wo(12L)24EI[8(0+12L)3+(12L)3−4(12L)2(0+12L)]
δmax=woL48EI[L3+18L3−12L3]
δmax=woL48EI[58L3]
δmax=5woL4384EI (okay!)

Problem 611
Compute the value of EI δ at midspan for the beam loaded
as shown in Fig. P-611. If E = 10 GPa, what value of I is
required to limit the midspan deflection to 1/360 of the
Solution 610 span?

By symmetry
R1=R2=bwo

EIy′′=bwox−12wo⟨x−a⟩2
EIy′=12bwox2−16wo⟨x−a⟩3+C1
EIy=16bwox3−124wo⟨x−a⟩4+C1x+C2

Solution 611
ΣMR2=0
4R1=300(2)(3)
R1=450N

ΣMR1=0
4R2=300(2)(1)

At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0 R2=150N

At x = a + b, y' = 0
0=12bwo(a+b)2−16wob3+C1 EIy′′=450x−12(300)x2+12(300)⟨x−2⟩2

C1=16wob3−12bwo(a+b)2 EIy′′=450x−150x2+150⟨x−2⟩2
EIy′=225x2−50x3+50⟨x−2⟩3+C1
EIy=75x3−12.5x4+12.5⟨x−2⟩4+C1x+C2 6R1=600(3)(3.5)
R1=1050N
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
ΣMR1=0
At x = 4 m, y = 0
6R2=600(3)(2.5)
0=75(43)−12.5(44)+12.5(4−2)4+4C1
R2=750N
C1=−450N⋅m2

EIy′′=1050x−12(600)⟨x−1⟩2+12(600)⟨x−4⟩2
Therefore,
EIy=75x3−12.5x4+12.5⟨x−2⟩4−450x EIy′′=1050x−300⟨x−1⟩2+300⟨x−4⟩2
EIy′=525x2−100⟨x−1⟩3+100⟨x−4⟩3+C1
At x = 2 m (midspan) EIy=175x3−25⟨x−1⟩4+25⟨x−4⟩4+C1x+C2
EIymidspan=75(23)−12.5(24)+12.5(2−2)4−450(2)
EIymidspan=−500N⋅m3 At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
EIδmidspan=500N⋅m3
At x = 6 m, y = 0
Maximum midspan deflection 0=175(63)−25(6−1)4+25(6−4)4+6C1
δmidspan=1360L=1360(4)=190m C1=−3762.5N⋅m2
δmidspan=1009mm
Therefore,
Thus, EIy=175x3−25⟨x−1⟩4+25⟨x−4⟩4−3762.5x
10000I(1009)=500(10003)
I=4500000mm4 At midspan, x = 3 m
EIymidspan=175(33)−25(3−1)4−3762.5(3)
I=4.5×106mm4 answer
EIymidspan=−6962.5N⋅m3

Problem 612
Thus,
Compute the midspan value of EI δ for the beam loaded as
EIδmidspan=6962.5N⋅m3 answer
shown in Fig. P-612.

Problem 613
If E = 29 × 106 psi, what value of I is required to limit the
midspan deflection to 1/360 of the span for the beam in Fig.
P-613?

Solut
ion
612 Solution 613
ΣMR ΣMR2=0
2=0
12R1=2400(6)(5)
R1=6000lb

ΣMR1=0
12R2=2400(6)(7)
R2=8400lb

Solution 614
ΣMR2=0
8R1+240(2)=100(4)(6)
R1=240lb

ΣMR1=0
8R2=240(10)+100(4)(2)
R2=400lb
EIy′′=6000x−12(2400)⟨x−4⟩2+12(2400)⟨x−10⟩2
EIy′′=6000x−1200⟨x−4⟩2+1200⟨x−10⟩2
EIy′=3000x2−400⟨x−4⟩3+400⟨x−10⟩3+C1
EIy=1000x3−100⟨x−4⟩4+100⟨x−10⟩4+C1x+C2

At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
At x = 12 ft, y = 0
0=1000(123)−100(12−4)4+100(12−10)4+12C1
C1=−110000lb⋅ft

Therefore
EIy′′=240x−12(100)x2+12(100)⟨x−4⟩2+400⟨x−8⟩
EIy=1000x3−100⟨x−4⟩4+100⟨x−10⟩4−110000x
EIy′′=240x−50x2+50⟨x−4⟩2+400⟨x−8⟩

E = 29 × 106 psi EIy′=120x2−503x3+503⟨x−4⟩3+200⟨x−8⟩2+C1

L = 12 ft EIy=40x3−256x4+256⟨x−4⟩4+2003⟨x−8⟩3+C1x+C2
At midspan, x = 6 ft
y = -1/360 (12) = -1/30 ft = -2/5 in
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
At x = 8 ft, y = 0
Thus,
0 = 40(83) - (25/6)(84) + (25/6)(44) + 8C1
EIy=1000x3−100⟨x−4⟩4+100⟨x−10⟩4−110000x
C1 = -560 lb·ft2
(29×106)I(−25)=[1000(63)+100(24)−110000(6)](123)
I=66.38 in4 answer Thus,
EIy′=120x2−503x3+503⟨x−4⟩3+200⟨x−8⟩2−560

Problem 614
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-614, calculate the At the right support, x = 8 ft
slope of the elastic curve over the right support. EIy′=120(82)−503(83)+503(43)−560
EIy′=−10403lb⋅ft2
y′=−10403EIlb⋅ft2 answer At the right end of the beam, x = 13 ft
EIy=1103(133)−5003(73)+330(33)−503(34)−2600(13)
Problem 615 EIy=−2850lb⋅ft3 answer
Compute the value of EI y at the right end of the
overhanging beam shown in Fig. P-615.
Problem 616
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-616, determine (a)
the deflection and slope under the load P and (b) the
maximum deflection between the supports.

Solution 615
ΣMR2=0
10R1+400(3)(1.5)=1000(4)
R1=220lb

ΣMR2=0
10R2=400(3)(11.5)+1000(6)
R2=1980lb
Solution 616
ΣMR2
=0
aR1=b
P
R1=ba
P

ΣMR1
=0
EIy′′=220x−1000⟨x−6⟩+1980⟨x−10⟩−12(400)⟨x−10⟩2 aR2=PL
EIy′′=220x−1000⟨x−6⟩+1980⟨x−10⟩−200⟨x−10⟩2 R2=LaP
EIy′=110x2−500⟨x−6⟩2+990⟨x−10⟩2−2003⟨x−10⟩3+C1
EIy=1103x3−5003⟨x−6⟩3+330⟨x−10⟩3−503⟨x−10⟩4+C1x+C2 EIy′′=−baPx+LaP⟨x−a⟩
EIy′=−b2aPx2+L2aP⟨x−a⟩2+C1
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0 EIy=−b6aPx3+L6aP⟨x−a⟩3+C1x+C2
At x = 10 ft, y = 0
0 = (110/3)(103) - (500/3)(43) + 10C1 At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
C1 = -2600 lb·ft2
At x = a, y = 0
0 = -[ b / (6a) ] Pa3 + aC1
Therefore, C1 = (ab/6)P
EIy=1103x3−5003⟨x−6⟩3+330⟨x−10⟩3−503⟨x−10⟩4−2600x
Therefore, EIymax=a2b93√P answer
EIy′=−b2aPx2+L2aP⟨x−a⟩2+ab6P
EIy=−b6aPx3+L6aP⟨x−a⟩3+ab6Px
Problem 617
Replace the load P in Prob. 616 by a clockwise couple M
Part (a): Slope and deflection under the load P applied at the right end and determine the slope and
deflection at the right end.

Slope under the load P: (note x = a + b = L)

Solution 617
EIy′=−b2aP(a+b)2+a+b2aPb2+ab6P
EIy′=−b2aP(a2+2ab+b2)+ab2+b32aP+ab6P
EIy′=−ab2P−b2P−b32aP+b22Pb32aP+ab6P
EIy′=−12b2P−13abP
EIy′=−16b(3b+2a)P
EIy′=−16b[2(a+b)+b]P
EIy′=−16b(2L+b)P answer

Deflection under the load P: (note x = a + b = L)

EIy=−b6aP(a+b)3+a+b6aP(b3)+ab6P(a+b) EIy′′=−Max+Ma⟨x−a⟩
EIy=−b6aP(a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3)+ab3+b46aP+ab6P(a+b) EIy′=−M2ax2+M2a⟨x−a⟩2+C1
EIy=−a2b6P−ab22P−b32P−b46aP+b36P+b46aP+a2b6P+ab26 EIy=−M6ax3+M6a⟨x−a⟩3+C1x+C2
P
EIy=−13ab2P−13b3P At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
EIy=−13(a+b)b2P At x = a, y = 0
EIy=−13Lb2P answer 0 = -(M / 6a)(a3) + aC1
C1 = Ma / 6

Part (b): Maximum deflection between the supports Therefore,

EIy′=−M2ax2+M2a⟨x−a⟩2+Ma6
The maximum deflection between the supports will occur at EIy=−M6ax3+M6a⟨x−a⟩3+Ma6x
the point where y' = 0.
EIy′=−b2aPx2+L2aP⟨x−a⟩2+ab6P Slope at x = a + b
EIy′=−M2a(a+b)2+M2a(b2)+Ma6
At y' = 0, 〈 x - a 〉 do not exist thus,
EIy′=−M2a(a2+2ab+b2)+M2a(b2)+Ma6
0=−b2aPx2+ab6P
EIy′=−12Ma−Mb−Mb22a+Mb22a+16Ma
x2=13a2
EIy′=−13Ma−Mb
x=13√a
EIy′=−13M(a+3b)

At x=13√a, EIy′=−13M[(a+b)+2b]

EIymax=−b6aP(13√a)3+ab6P(13√a) EIy′=−13M(L+2b) answer

EIymax=−a2b6(33√)P+a2b63√P
Deflection at x = a + b
EIymax=a2b63√P(−13+1)
EIy=−M6a(a+b)3+M6a(b3)+Ma6(a+b)
EIymax=a2b63√P(23)
EIy=−M6a(a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3)+Mb36a+Ma6(a+b) C1=13ML−Ma+Ma22L
EIy=−Ma26−Mab2−Mb22−Mb36a+Mb36a+Ma26+Mab6
Therefore,
EIy=−13Mab−12Mb2
EIy=M6Lx3−12M⟨x−a⟩2+(13ML−Ma+Ma22L)x answer
EIy=−16Mb(2a+3b)
EIy=−16Mb[2(a+b)+b] At x = a
EIy=−16Mb(2L+b) EIy=Ma36L+(13ML−Ma+Ma22L)a

EIδ=16Mb(2L+b) answer EIy=2Ma33L+13MLa−Ma2

EIy=Ma3L(2a2+L2−3La)

Problem 618 EIy=Ma3L(L2−3La+2a2) answer

A simply supported beam carries a couple M applied as
shown in Fig. P-618. Determine the equation of the elastic When a = 0 (moment load is at the left support):
curve and the deflection at the point of application of the EIy=M6Lx3−12M⟨x−a⟩2+(13ML−Ma+Ma22L)x
couple. Then letting a = L and a = 0, compare your solution
EIy=M6Lx3−12Mx2+13MLx
of the elastic curve with cases 11 and 12 in the Summary of
Beam Loadings. EIy=Mx6L(x2−3Lx+2L2)
EIy=Mx6L(2L2−3Lx+x2)
EIy=Mx6L(L−x)(2L−x) answer

When a = L (moment load is at the right support):

EIy=M6Lx3−12M⟨x−a⟩2+(13ML−Ma+Ma22L)x
EIy=M6Lx3+(13ML−ML+12ML)x
EIy=M6Lx3−16MLx
EIy=Mx3−ML2x6L
Solution 618
EIy=−Mx(−x2+L2)6L
EIy′′=MLx−M⟨x−a⟩0
EIy=−MLx(L2−x2)6L2
EIy′=M2Lx2−M⟨x−a⟩+C1
EIy=−MLx6L2(L2−x2)
EIy=M6Lx3−12M⟨x−a⟩2+C1x+C2
EIy=−MLx6(1−x2L2) answer

Problem 619
Determine the value of EIy midway between the supports
for the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-619.

At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
At x = L, y = 0
0=16ML2−12M(L−a)2+C1L
0=16ML2−12M(L2−2La+a2)+C1L
0=16ML2−12ML2+MLa−12Ma2+C1L
Solution
0=−13ML2+MLa−12Ma2+C1L
619
C1L=13ML2−MLa+12Ma2
ΣMR2=0
6R1+200(4)(0)=1800 By ratio and proportion:
yx=woL/2
R1=300N
y=2woLx
ΣMR1=0
By symmetry:
6R2+1800=200(4)(6)
R1=R2=12(L/2)(wo)=14woL
R2=500N

F1=12(L/2)(wo)=14woL
EIy′′=300x−1800⟨x−2⟩0+500⟨x−6⟩−12(200)⟨x−4⟩2
F2=12xy=12x(2woLx)=woLx2
EIy′′=300x−1800⟨x−2⟩0+500⟨x−6⟩−100⟨x−4⟩2
EIy′=150x2−1800⟨x−2⟩+250⟨x−6⟩2−1003⟨x−4⟩3+C1 EIy′′=R1(x+12L)−F1(x+13L)−F2(13x)
EIy=50x3−900⟨x−2⟩2+2503⟨x−6⟩3−253⟨x−4⟩4+C1x+C2 EIy′′=14woL(x+12L)−14woL(x+13L)−woLx2(13x)
EIy′′=14woLx+18woL2−14woLx−112woL2−wo3Lx3
At x = 0, y = 0, therefore C2 = 0
EIy′′=124woL2−wo3Lx3
At x = 6 m, y = 0
EIy′=124woL2x−wo12Lx4+C1
0 = 50(63) - 900(42) - (25/3)(24) + 6C1
C1 = 5600/9 N·m3 EIy=148woL2x2−wo60Lx5+C1x+C2

Therefore, At x = 0, y' = 0, therefore C1 = 0

EIy=50x3−900⟨x−2⟩2+2503⟨x−6⟩3−253⟨x−4⟩4+56009x
At x = ½L, y = 0
At x = 3 m 0 = (1/48)woL2 (½L)2 - (wo60L)(½L)5 + C2
EIy=50(33)−900(12)+56009(3) 0 = (1/192)wo L4 - (1/1920)wo L4 + C2
C2 = -(3/640)wo L4
EIy=69503N⋅m3 answer

Therefore,
Problem 620 EIy=148woL2x2−wo60Lx5−3640woL4
Find the midspan deflection δ for the beam shown in Fig. P-
620, carrying two triangularly distributed loads. (Hint: For
At x = 0 (midspan)
convenience, select the origin of the axes at the midspan
EIymax=−3640woL4=−3640woL4×33
position of the elastic curve.)
EIymax=−91920woL4

Thus,
δmidspan=9woL41920EI answer

Problem 621
Determine the value of EIδ midway between the supports
for the beam shown in Fig. P-621. Check your result by
letting a = 0 and comparing with Prob. 606. (Apply the hint
given in Prob. 620.)
 At x = 0 when a = 0
EIymax=1384woL2(0−5L2)
Solution 621
EIymax=−5woL4384
By symmetry
R1=R2=12wo(L+2a)
Thus,
δmax=5woL4384EI answer

EIy′′=[12wo(L+2a)](x+12L)−12wo(x+12L+a)2
EIy′′=12wo(L+2a)x+14wo(L+2a)L−12wo[x2+2x(12L+a)+(12L+
a)2]
EIy′′=12wo(L+2a)x+14wo(L+2a)L−12wox2−wo(12L+a)x−12w
o(12L+a)2
EIy′′=12wo(L+2a)x+14wo(L+2a)L−12wox2−12wo(L+2a)x−18w
o(L+2a)2
EIy′′=14wo(L+2a)L−12wox2−18wo(L+2a)2
EIy′=14wo(L+2a)Lx−16wox3−18wo(L+2a)2x+C1
EIy=18wo(L+2a)Lx2−124wox4−116wo(L+2a)2x2+C1x+C2

At x = 0, y' = 0, therefore C1 = 0
At x = ½L, y = 0
0=18wo(L+2a)L(12L)2−124wo(12L)4−116wo(L+2a)2(12L)2+C
2
0=132wo(L+2a)L3−1384woL4−164wo(L+2a)2L2+C2
0=132woL4−116woL3a−1384woL4−164wo(L2+4La+4a2)L2+
C2
0=132woL4−116woL3a−1384woL4−164woL4−116woL3a−11
6woL2a2+C2
0=5384woL4−116woL2a2+C2
C2=116woL2a2−5384woL4
C2=1384woL2(24a2−5L2)

Therefore,
EIy=18wo(L+2a)Lx2−124wox4−116wo(L+2a)2x2+1384woL2(
24a2−5L2)

At x = 0 (midspan)
EIy=1384woL2(24a2−5L2) answer
Moment Diagrams by Parts Couple or Moment Load
The moment-area method of finding the deflection of a A=−CL
beam will demand the accurate computation of the area of Mx=−C
a moment diagram, as well as the moment of such area
x¯=12L
about any axis. To pave its way, this section will deal on how
to draw moment diagrams by parts and to calculate the Degree: zero
moment of such diagrams about a specified axis.

Concentrated Load
Basic Principles
A=−12PL2
1. The bending moment caused by all forces to the left
Mx=−Px
or to the right of any section is equal to the
respective algebraic sum of the bending moments at x¯=13L
that section caused by each load acting separately.
Degree: first

M=(ΣM)L=(ΣM)R

2. The moment of a load about a specified axis is Uniformly Distributed Load

always defined by the equation of a spandrel A=−16woL3
Mx=−12wox2
y=kxn x¯=14L
where n is the degree of power of x. Degree: second

The graph of the above equation is as shown below

Uniformly Varying Load

A=−124woL3
Mx=−wo6Lx2
x=15L
Degree: third

and the area and location of centroid are defined as follows.

A=1n+1bh
Problem 624
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-624, compute the
XG=1n+2b
moment of area of the M diagrams between the reactions
about both the left and the right reaction.
Cantilever Loadings
A = area of moment diagram
Mx = moment about a section of distance x
barred x = location of centoid
Degree = degree power of the moment diagram
 (AreaAB)X¯B=9866.67N⋅m3

Solution 624
ΣMR2=0
6R1=400+1000(2)
R1=400N

ΣMR1=0
6R2+400=1000(2)
R2=600N

Moment diagram by parts can be drawn in different ways;

three are shown below.

(AreaAB)X¯A=400(2)(1)+12(6)(3600)(2)−12(4)(4000)(43)
(AreaAB)X¯A=11733.33N⋅m3

(AreaAB)X¯B=400(2)(5)+12(6)(3600)(4)−12(4)(4000)(143)
(AreaAB)X¯B=9866.67N⋅m3

(AreaAB)X¯A=12(6)(2400)(4)−400(4)(4)−12(2)(2000)(163)
(AreaAB)X¯A=11733.33N⋅m3

(AreaAB)X¯B=12(6)(2400)(2)−400(4)(2)−12(2)(2000)(23)
(AreaAB)X¯B=9866.67N⋅m3

(AreaAB)X¯A=12(2)(800)(43)+12(4)(2400)(103)−12(2)(2000)(
83)
(AreaAB)X¯A=11733.33N⋅m3

(AreaAB)X¯B=12(2)(800)(143)+12(4)(2400)(83)−12(2)(2000)(
103)
Problem 625
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-625, compute the
moment of area of the M diagrams between the reactions
about both the left and the right reaction. (Hint: Draw the
moment diagram by parts from right to left.)
(AreaAB)X¯A=12(4)(2800)(43)−12(2)(1000)(23)−13(3)(1800)(
34)
(AreaAB)X¯A=5450N⋅m3 answer

(AreaAB)X¯B=12(4)(2800)(83)−12(2)(1000)(43)−13(3)(1800)(
94+1)
(AreaAB)X¯B=7750N⋅m3 answer

Problem 626
For the eam loaded as shown in Fig. P-626, compute the
Solution 625 moment of area of the M diagrams between the reactions
about both the left and the right reaction.
ΣMR2=0
4R1=400(3)(2.5)+500(2)
R1=1000N

ΣMR1=0
4R2=400(3)(1.5)+500(2)
R2=700N

Solution 626
By symmetry R1=550N
R1=R2=12(400)(3)
R1=R2=600lb ΣMR1=0
and 4R2=200(4)(2)+12(3)(400)(3)
(AreaAB)X¯A=(AreaAB)X¯B R2=850N

(AreaAB)X¯A=12(5)(1500)(52)−13(3)(450)(52) answer
(AreaAB)X¯A=8250lb⋅ft3

Thus,
(AreaAB)X¯B=8250lb⋅ft3 answer

Problem 627
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-627compute the
moment of area of the M diagrams between the reactions
about both the left and the right reaction. (Hint: Resolve the
trapezoidal loading into a uniformly distributed load and a
uniformly varying load.)
(AreaAB)X¯A=12(4)(2200)(83)−13(4)(1600)(3)−14(3)(600)(17
5)
(AreaAB)X¯A=3803.33N⋅m3 answer

(AreaAB)X¯B=12(4)(2200)(43)−13(4)(1600)(1)−14(3)(600)(35
)
(AreaAB)X¯B=3463.33N⋅m3 answer

Problem 628
For the beam loaded with uniformly varying load and a
Solution 627
couple as shown in Fig. P-628 compute the moment of area
ΣMR2=0 of the M diagrams between the reactions about both the
4R1=200(4)(2)+12(3)(400)(1) left and the right reaction.
 Problem 629
Solve Prob. 628 if the sense of the couple is
counterclockwise instead of clockwise as shown in Fig. P-
628.

Solution 628
ΣMR2=0
10R1+400=12(6)(200)(2)
R1=80lb
Solution 629
ΣMR1=0 ΣMR2=0
10R2=400+12(6)(200)(8) 10R1=400+12(6)(200)(2)
R2=520lb R1=160lb

ΣMR1=0
10R2+400=12(6)(200)(8)
R2=440lb

(AreaAB)X¯A=400(8)(6)+12(10)(800)(203)−14(6)(1200)(445)
(AreaAB)X¯A=30026.67lb⋅ft3 answer

(AreaAB)X¯B=400(8)(4)+12(10)(800)(103)−14(6)(1200)(65) (AreaAB)X¯A=12(10)(1600)(203)−400(8)(6)−14(6)(1200)(445
(AreaAB)X¯B=23973.33lb⋅ft3 answer )
(AreaAB)X¯A=18293.33lb⋅ft3 answer
Problem 631
(AreaAB)X¯B=12(10)(1600)(103)−400(8)(4)−14(6)(1200)(65) Determine the value of the couple M for the beam loaded as
shown in Fig. P-631 so that the moment of area about A of
(AreaAB)X¯B=11706.67lb⋅ft3 answer
the M diagram between A and B will be zero. What is the
physical significance of this result?
Problem 630
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-630, compute the
value of (AreaAB)barred(X)A . From the result determine
whether the tangent drawn to the elastic curve at B slopes
up or down to the right. (Hint: Refer to the deviation
equations and rules of sign.)

Solution 631
ΣMA=0
4R2+M=100(4)(2
)
R2=200−14M
Solution
630
ΣMB=0
ΣMR2=0
4R1=100(4)(2)+
4R1+200(2 M
)=12(3)(40
R1=200+14M
0)(1)
R1=50N
(AreaAB)X¯A=0
12(4)(800−M)(43
ΣMR1=0
)−13(4)(800)(1)=
4R2=200(6 0
)+12(3)(40
83(800−M)=32003
0)(3)
M=400lb⋅ft answer
R2=750N

The uniform load over span AB will cause segment AB to

(AreaAB)X¯
deflect downward. The moment load equal to 400 lb·ft
A=12(4)(20
applied at the free end will cause the slope through B to be
0)(83)−14(
horizontal making the deviation of A from the tangent
3)(600)(17
through B equal to zero. The downward deflection therefore
5)
due to uniform load will be countered by the moment load.
(AreaAB)X¯A=−463.33N⋅m3 answer

Problem 632
The value of (AreaAB) barred(X)A is negative; therefore point
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-632, compute the
A is below the tangent through B, thus the tangent through
value of (AreaAB) barred(X)A. From this result, is the tangent
B slopes downward to the right. See the approximate
drawn to the elastic curve at B directed up or down to the
elastic curve shown to the right and refer to the rules of
right? (Hint: Refer to the deviation equations and rules of
sign for more information.
sign.) (AreaAB)X¯A=1266.67N⋅m3 answer

The value of (AreaAB) barred(X)A is positive, therefore point

A is above the tangent through B, thus the tangent through
B is upward to the right. See the approximate elastic curve
shown above and refer to the rules of sign for more
information.

Solution 632
ΣMB=0
3R1+200(1)=800(2)(2)
R1=1000N

ΣMA=0
3R2=200(4)+800(2)(1)
R1=800N

(AreaAB)X¯A=12(2)(2000)(43)+12(1)(800)(73)−13(2)(1600)(3
2)−12(1)(400)(73)−12(1)(200)(83)
Area-Moment Method
Another method of determining the slopes and deflections 1. The deviation at any point is positive if the point lies
in beams is the area-moment method, which involves the above the tangent, negative if the point is below the
area of the moment diagram. tangent.
2. Measured from left tangent, if θ is
counterclockwise, the change of slope is positive,
negative if θ is clockwise.
Deflection of Cantilever Beams
Generally, the tangential deviation t is not equal to the
beam deflection. In cantilever beams, however, the tangent
drawn to the elastic curve at the wall is horizontal and
coincidence therefore with the neutral axis of the beam. The
tangential deviation in this case is equal to the deflection of
the beam as shown below.

Theorems of Area-Moment Method

Theorem I
The change in slope between the tangents drawn to the From the figure above, the deflection at B denoted as δB is
elastic curve at any two points A and B is equal to the equal to the deviation of B from a tangent line through A
product of 1/EI multiplied by the area of the moment denoted as tB/A. This is because the tangent line through A
diagram between these two points. lies with the neutral axis of the beam.
Deflections in Simply Supported Beams
θAB=1EI(AreaAB) The deflection δ at some point B of a simply supported
beam can be obtained by the following steps:
Theorem II
The deviation of any point B relative to the tangent drawn
to the elastic curve at any other point A, in a direction
perpendicular to the original position of the beam, is equal
to the product of 1/EI multiplied by the moment of an area
about B of that part of the moment diagram between points
A and B.

tB/A=1EI(AreaAB)⋅X¯B
and
tA/B=1EI(AreaAB)⋅X¯A

Rules of Sign 1. Compute tC/A=(1/EI)(AreaAC)X¯C

2. Compute tB/A==(1/EI)(AreaAB)X¯B
3. Solve δ by ratio and proportion (see figure above).
δ+tB/Ax=tC/A /L
Problem 636
The cantilever beam shown in Fig. P-636 has a rectangular
Solution 637
cross-section 50 mm wide by h mm high. Find the height h if
the maximum deflection is not to exceed 10 mm. Use E = 10 RC=80(8)=640 lb
GPa. MC=80(8)(4)=2560lb⋅ft

Solution 636

tB/C=1EI(AreaBC)X¯B
tB/C=1EI[12(6)(3840)(2)−6(2560)(3)−13(6)(1440)(1.5)](123)
tB/C=1EI[27360](123)
tB/C=1(1.5×106)(40)[27360](123)
tB/C=−0.787968 in
tA/B=1EI(AreaAB)X¯A
−10=110000(50h312)[−12(2)(4)(103)−12(4)(16)(83)](10004)
Thus, δB = | tB/C | = 0.787968 in answer
−10=3125000h3[−2963](10004)
h3=−296(10004)125000(−10)
Problem 638
h=618.67mm answer For the cantilever beam shown in Fig. P-638, determine the
value of EIδ at the left end. Is this deflection upward or
downward?
Problem 637
For the beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-637, determine the
deflection 6 ft from the wall. Use E = 1.5 × 106 psi and I = 40
in4.
Solution 638

Problem 640
Compute the value of δ at the concentrated load in Prob.
EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A 639. Is the deflection upward downward?

EItA/B=2(2)(3)−12(4)(1)(83)
EItA/B=203=6.67 kN⋅m3

∴ EIδ = 6.67 kN·m3 upward answer

Problem 639
The downward distributed load and an upward
concentrated force act on the cantilever beam in Fig. P-639.
Find the amount the free end deflects upward or downward
if E = 1.5 × 106 psi and I = 60 in4.
Solution 640
RC=200(8)−900=700 lb
MC=200(8)(4)−900(6)=1000 lb⋅ft

Solution 639
tA/C=1EI(AreaAB)X¯A
tA/C=1(1.5×106)(60)[12(6)(5400)(6)−13(8)(6400)(6)](123)
tA/C=−0.09984 in

∴ The free end will move by 0.09984 inch downward.

answer
tB/C=1EI(AreaBC)X¯B
tB/C=1(1.5×106)(60)[12(6)(4200)(2)−1000(6)(3)−13(6)(3600) Solution 642
(15)](123)
RA=4(1)=4kN
tB/C=−0.06912 in
MA=4(1)(2.5)=10kN⋅m

∴ δ = 0.06912 inch downward answer

Problem 641
For the cantilever beam shown in Fig. P-641, what will cause
zero deflection at A?

Solution 641

tB/A=1EI(AreaAB)X¯B
tB/A=169000[50(1503)12][12(3)(12)(1)−3(10)(1.5)−13(1)(2)(
0.25)](10004)
tB/A=−28mm

∴ δmax = 28 mm answer

Problem 643
Find the maximum value of EIδ for the cantilever beam
shown in Fig. P-643.
1EI(AreaAC)X¯A=0
1EI[12(4)(4P)(83)−2(400)(3)]=0
P=112.5 N answer

Problem 642
Find the maximum deflection for the cantilever beam
loaded as shown in Figure P-642 if the cross section is 50
mm wide by 150 mm high. Use E = 69 GPa.
Solution 643

EItB/A=(AreaAB)X¯B
tA/B=1EI(AreaAB)X¯A
EItB/A=12L(PL)(13L)−PaL(12L)−12(L−a)P(L−a)[13(L−a)]
tA/B=1EI[12(L)(12woL2)(13L)−38woL2(L)(12L)−13(18woL2)(1
EItB/A=16PL3−12PL2a−16P(L−a)3
2L)(18L)]
EItB/A=16PL3−12PL2a−16P(L3−3L2a+3La2−a3)
tA/B=1EI[112woL4−316woL4−1384woL4]
EItB/A=16PL3−12PL2a−16PL3+12PL2a−12PLa2+16Pa3
tA/B=1EI[−41384woL4]
EItB/A=−12PLa2+16Pa3
tA/B=−41woL4384EI
EItB/A=−16Pa2(3L−a)
Therefore
Therefore δmax=41woL4384EI answer
EIδmax=16Pa2(3L−a) answer

Problem 645
Problem 644 Compute the deflection and slope at a section 3 m from the
Determine the maximum deflection for the beam loaded as wall for the beam shown in Fig. P-645. Assume that E = 10
shown in Fig. P-644. GPa and I = 30 × 106 mm4.

Solution 644
Solution 645
R=wo(12L)
R=12(4)(1200)
R=12woL
R=2400N

M=wo(12L)(34L)
M=12(4)(1200)(83)
M=38woL2
M=6400N⋅m
 Solution 646
M=12(5)(60)(2+53)=550lb⋅ft
R=12(5)(60)=150lb

y3=12004
y=900N/m

tB/A=1EI(AreaAB)X¯B tA/B=1EI(AreaAB)X¯A
tB/A=1EI[12(3)(7200)(1)−3(6400)(1.5)−14(3)(1350)(0.6)](100 −5=1EI[12(300)(2)(263)−550(2)(9)−14(5)(250)(7)](123)
03)
−5=1(1.5×106)I(−16394400)
tB/A=110000(30×106)[−18607.5](10003)
I=2.18592in4
tB/A=−62.025mm

Therefore: Problem 647

δB=62.025mm answer Find the maximum value of EIδ for the beam shown in Fig.
P-647.

θAB=1EI(AreaAB)
θAB=1EI[12(3)(7200)−3(6400)−14(3)(1350)](10002)
θAB=110000(30×106)[−9412.5](10002)
θAB=−0.031375radian
θAB=1.798degree answer

Problem 646 Solution 647

For the beam shown in Fig. P-646, determine the value
R=12(12L)(wo)=14woL
of I that will limit the maximum deflection to 0.50 in.
Assume that E = 1.5 × 106 psi. M=12(12L)(wo)(56L)=524woL2
 )=16woL2
R=12woL

Moments about B:
Triangular force to the left of B:
M1=−12(L−x)(wo−y)(13)(L−x)
M1=−16(L−x)2(wo−woxL)
M1=−wo(L−x)36L

Triangular upward force:

M2=12(xy)(13x)=16x2woxL
M2=wox36L

Rectangle (wo by x):

M3=−wox(12x)=−12wox2

Reactions R and M:
EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A M4=Rx=12woLx

EItA/B=12L(14woL2)(13L)−L(524woL2)(12L)−14(12L)(124woL M5=−M=−16woL2
2)(110L)
EItA/B=124woL4−548woL4−11920woL4 Deviation at B with the tangent line through C
EItB/C=(AreaBC)X¯B
EItA/B=−1211920woL4
EItB/C=14x(wox36L)(15x)+12x(12woLx)(13x)−(16woL2)x(12x
)−13x(12wox2)(14x)
Therefore
EIδmax=1211920woL4 answer EItB/C=wo120Lx5+woL12x3−woL212x2−wo24x4
EItB/C=wox2120L(x3+10L2x−10L3−5Lx2)

Problem 648
For the cantilever beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-648, Therefore,
determine the deflection at a distance x from the support. EIδ=−wox2120L(x3+10L2x−10L3−5Lx2)
EIδ=wox2120L(10L3−10L2x+5Lx2−x3) answer

Problem 653
Compute the midspan value of EIδ for the beam shown in
Fig. P-653. (Hint: Draw the M diagram by parts, starting
from midspan toward the ends. Also take advantage of
symmetry to note that the tangent drawn to the elastic
curve at midspan is horizontal.)
Solution
648
yx=woL
y=woLx

M=12L(
wo)(13L
 Solution 654
Solution 653 ΣMR2=0
By symmetry: 6R1=80(4)(4)
R1=R2=600(2)=1200N
R1=6403 lb

ΣMR1=0
6R2=80(4)(2)
R2=3203 lb

tA/B=1EI(AreaAB)X¯A
tA/B=1EI[12(2.5)(3000)(53)+13(0.5)(75)(198)−13(2.5)(1875)(
158)]
tA/B=3350EI

From the figure

δmidspan=tA/B
tA/C=1EI(AreaAC)X¯A
Thus tA/C=1EI[12(4)(2560/3)(83)+12(2)(6403)(4+23)−13(4)(640)(3
EIδmidspan=3350 N⋅m3 answer )]
tA/C=89603EI
Problem 654
For the beam in Fig. P-654, find the value of EIδ at 2 ft from tB/C=1EI(AreaBC)X¯B
R2. (Hint: Draw the reference tangent to the elastic curve at
tB/C=1EI[12(2)(6403)(23)]
R2.)
tB/C=12809EI

By ratio and proportion:

y2=tA/C6
y=26(89603EI)
y=89609EI

δB=y−tB/C
δB=89609EI−12809EI
δB=25603EI
EIδB=25603 lb⋅ft3 answer yC24=−10005
yC2=−800 lb
Problem 655
Find the value of EIδ under each concentrated load of the yB3=14008
beam shown in Fig. P-655.
yB=525 lb

EItD/A=(AreaAD)X¯D
EItD/A=12(8)(1400)(83)−12(5)(1000)(53)−12(1)(400)(13)
EItD/A=10700 lb⋅ft3

EItC/A=(AreaAC)X¯C
EItC/A=12(7)(yC1)(73)−12(4)(yC2)(43)
EItC/A=12(7)(1225)(73)−12(4)(800)(43)
Solution 655
EItC/A=472256 lb⋅ft3
ΣMR2=0
8R1=200(5)+400(1)
EItB/A=(AreaAB)X¯B
R1=175 lb
EItC/A=12(3)(yB)(1)
EItC/A=12(3)(525)(1)
ΣMR1=0
EItC/A=15752 lb⋅ft3
8R2=200(3)+400(7)
R2=425 lb
By ratio and proportion:
BE¯3=CF¯7=tD/A8
BE¯=38tD/A=38(10700)=80252
CF¯=78tD/A=78(10700)=187252

Deflections:
δB=BE¯−tB/A
EIδB=EIBE¯−EItB/A=80252−15752
EIδB=3225 lb⋅ft3 → answer

δC=CF¯−tC/A
EIδC=EICF¯−EItC/A=187252−472256
EIδC=44753=1491.67 lb⋅ft3 answer

Problem 656
Find the value of EIδ at the point of application of the 200
N·m couple in Fig. P-656.

yC17=14008
yC1=1225 lb
 δC=CE¯−tC/A
EIδC=EICE¯−EItC/A
EIδC=32752−74756=11753
EIδC=391.67 N⋅m3 answer

Problem 657
Determine the midspan value of EIδ for the beam shown in
Solution 656 Fig. P-657.

ΣMR2=0
4R1=500(3)+200
R1=425 N

ΣMR1=0
4R2+200=500(1)
R2=75 N

Solution
657
ΣMR1=0
6R2=12(
4)(600)(
43)
R2=800
3N

EItA/B=(
AreaAB)
X¯A
EItA/B=
12(6)(16
00)(2)−1
4(4)(160
EItD/A=(AreaAD)X¯D 0)(45)
EItD/A=12(1)(75)(23)+12(3)(1275)(2)−12(2)(1000)(53) EItA/B=
EItD/A=65503 N⋅m3 8320N⋅m3

EItC/A=(AreaAC)X¯C EItM/B=(AreaMB)X¯M

EItC/A=12(3)(1275)(1)−12(2)(1000)(23) EItM/B=12(3)(800)(1)−14(1)(25)(15)

EItC/A=74756 N⋅m3 EItM/B=1198.75N⋅m3

CE¯3=tD/A4 By ratio and proportion:

δm+tM/B3=tA/B6
CE¯=34(65503EI)=32752EI
δm+tM/B=12tA/B
EICE¯=32752 N⋅m3
EIδm+EItM/B=EI12tA/B
EIδm+1198.75=EI12(8320) EIδB=aL[16ML2−12M(L−a)2]−Ma36L
EIδm=2961.25N⋅m3 answer EIδB=aL[16ML2−12M(L−a)2−16Ma2]
EIδB=Ma6L[L2−3(L−a)2−a2]
Problem 658 EIδB=Ma6L[L2−3(L2−2La+a2)−a2]
For the beam shown in Fig. P-658, find the value of EIδ at
EIδB=Ma6L[L2−3L2+6La−3a2−a2]
the point of application of the couple.
EIδB=Ma6L[−3L2+6La−4a2]
EIδB=−Ma6L(3L2−6La+4a2)

The negative sign indicates that the deflection is opposite to

the direction sketched in the figure. Thus,
EIδB=Ma6L(3L2−6La+4a2) upward answer

Problem 659
A simple beam supports a concentrated load placed
anywhere on the span, as shown in Fig. P-659. Measuring x
Solution 658 from A, show that the maximum deflection occurs at x =
√[(L2 - b2)/3].

ya=ML
y=Ma/L

EItB/A=(AreaAB)X¯B
EItB/A=12(ay)(13a)
EItB/A=16a2(Ma/L)
EItB/A=Ma36L

EItC/A=(AreaAC)X¯C
EItC/A=12(LM)(13L)−M(L−a)[12(L−a)]
EItC/A=16ML2−12M(L−a)2

By ratio and proportion:

δB+tB/Aa=tC/AL
δB=aLtC/A−tB/A Solution 659

EIδB=aLEItC/A−EItB/A ΣMR2=0
LR1=Pb
R1=Pb/L

ΣMR1=0
LR2=Pa
Solution 660
R2=Pa/L
EItA/C=(AreaAB)X¯A

yx=PbL EItA/C=12x(MxL)(23x)

y=PbLx EItA/C=Mx33L

tA/D=1EI(AreaAD)X¯A
tA/D=1EI[12xy(23x]
tA/D=1EI[13x2y]
tA/D=1EI[13x2(PbLx)]
tA/D=1EIPb3Lx3

tC/D=1EI(AreaCD)X¯C
tC/D=1EI[16(L−x)2(Pb−y)+12(L−x)2y−16Pb3]
tC/D=1EI[16(L−x)2(Pb−PbLx)+12(L−x)2(PbLx)−16Pb3]
tC/D=1EI[16Pb(L−x)2(1−xL)+12Pb(L−x)2(xL)−16Pb3]
tC/D=1EI[Pb6L(L−x)3+Pb2L(L−x)2x−Pb36] EItB/C=(AreaBC)X¯B
EItB/C=M(L−x)12(L−x)−12(L−x)ML(L−x)23(L−x)
From the figure:
EItB/C=12M(L−x)2−M3L(L−x)3
tA/D=tC/D
EItB/C=M6L(L−x)2[3L−2(L−x)]
1EIPb3Lx3=1EI[Pb6L(L−x)3+Pb2L(L−x)2x−Pb36]
EItB/C=M6L(L−x)2(L+2x)
Pb3Lx3=Pb6L(L−x)3+Pb2L(L−x)2x−Pb36
EItB/C=M6(L−x)2+Mx3L(L−x)2
2x3L=(L−x)3L+3(L−x)2xL−b2
EItB/C=M6(L2−2Lx+x2)+Mx3L(L2−2Lx+x2)
2x3=(L−x)3+3(L−x)2x−Lb2
EItB/C=ML26−MLx3+Mx26+MLx3−2Mx23+Mx33L
2x3=(L3−3L2x+3Lx2−x3)+3(L2−2Lx+x2)x−Lb2
EItB/C=ML26−Mx22+Mx33L
2x3=L3−3L2x+3Lx2−x3+3L2x−6Lx2+3x3−Lb2
0=L3−3Lx2−Lb2
From the figure
0=L2−3x2−b2 EItA/C=EItB/C
3x2=L2−b2 Mx33L=ML26−Mx22+Mx33L
x=L2−b23−−−−−−−√ (okay!) Mx22=ML26
x2=13L2
Problem 660 x=0.577L (okay!)
A simply supported beam is loaded by a couple M at its right
end, as shown in Fig. P-660. Show that the maximum
deflection occurs at x = 0.577L.
Problem 661
Compute the midspan deflection of the symmetrically
loaded beam shown in Fig. P-661. Check your answer by
letting a = L/2 and comparing with the answer to Problem
609.
Problem 662
Determine the maximum deflection of the beam shown in
Fig. P-662. Check your result by letting a = L/2 and
comparing with case 8 in Table 6-2. Also, use your result to
check the answer to Prob. 653.

Solution 662
Solution 661
EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A

EItA/B=12(12L)(12PL)[23(12)]−12(12L−a)P(12L−a)[a+23(12L−
a)]
EItA/B=124PL3−12Pa(12L−a)2−13P(12L−a)3
EItA/B=124PL3−12Pa(14L2−La+a2)−13P(18L3−34L2a+32La2− EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A
a3)
EItA/B=13(12L−a)[12wo(12L−a)2][a+34(12L−a)]+12(12L)(12
EItA/B=124PL3−18PL2a+12PLa2−18Pa3−124PL3+14PL2a−12 woLa)(13L)−13(12L)(18woL2)(38L)
PLa2+13Pa3
EItA/B=16woa(12L−a)3+18wo(12L−a)4+124woL3a−1128woL
EItA/B=18PL2a−16Pa3 4
EItA/B=124Pa(3L2−4a2) answer EItA/B=16woa[12(L−2a)]3+18wo[12(L−2a)]4+124woL3a−112
8woL4
When a = ½L EItA/B=148woa(L−2a)3+1128wo(L−2a)4+124woL3a−1128wo
EItA/B=124P(12L)[3L2−4(12L)2] L4
EItA/B=148PL[3L2−L2] EItA/B=148woa[L3−3L2(2a)+3L(2a)2−(2a)3]+1128wo[L4−4L3
EItA/B=148PL(2L2) (2a)+6L2(2a)2−4L(2a)3+(2a)4]+124woL3a−1128woL4

EItA/B=124PL3 → answer
EItA/B=2(148PL3) (okay!)
EItA/B=148woL3a−18woL2a2+14woLa3−16woa4+1128woL4
−116woL3a+316woL2a2−14woLa3+18woa4+124woL3a−112
8woL4
EItA/B=116woL2a2−124woa4
EItA/B=148woa2(3L2−2a2) answer

Check Problem 653:

wo = 600 N/m; L = 5 m; a = 2 m
EItA/B=148(600)(22)[3(52)−2(22)]
EItA/B=3350 N⋅m3 (okay!)

When a = L/2 (the load is over the entire span)

EItA/B=148wo(12L)2[3L2−2(12L)2]
EItA/B=1192woL2[3L2−12L2]
EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A
EItA/B=1192woL2[52L2]
EItA/B=12(a+b)[wob(a+b)][23(a+b)]−13b(12wob2)(a+34b)
EItA/B=5384woL4
EItA/B=13wob(a+b)3−16wob3(a+34b)

Therefore
δmax=5woL4384EI
Problem 663
Determine the maximum deflection of the beam carrying a
uniformly distributed load over the middle portion, as
shown in Fig. P-663. Check your answer by letting 2b = L.
EItA/B=13wob(a+b)3−124wob3(4a+3b)
EItA/B=13wob(a+b)3−124wob3[(2a+2b)+(a+b)+a]
EItA/B=13wob(12L)3−124wob3[L+12L+a]
EItA/B=124woL3b−124wob3(32L+a)
EItA/B=124woL3b−148wob3(3L+2a)
EItA/B=124woL3b−148wob3[3L+(L−2b)]
EItA/B=124woL3b−148wob3(4L−2b)
EItA/B=124woL3b−124wob3(2L−b)
EItA/B=124wob[L3−b2(2L−b)]
EItA/B=124wob(L3−2Lb2+b3) answer

When 2b = L; b = ½L
EItA/B=124wo(12L)[L3−2L(12L)2+(12L)3]
EItA/B=148woL[L3−12L3+18L3]
EItA/B=148woL[58L3]
Solution 663
EItA/B=5384woL4 (okay!)

Problem 664
The middle half of the beam shown in Fig. P-664 has a
moment of inertia 1.5 times that of the rest of the beam.
Find the midspan deflection. (Hint: Convert the M diagram
into an M/EI diagram.)
Solution 664

tA/C=1EI(AreaAC)X¯A
tA/C=12a(woa2EI)(23a)+a(2woa23EI)(32a)+12a(2woa23EI)(5
3a)−13a(woa23EI)(74a)
tA/C=woa43EI+woa4EI+5woa49EI−7woa436EI
tA/C=1EI(AreaAC)X¯A
tA/C=61woa436EI
tA/C=12a(Pa2EI)(23a)+a(Pa3EI)(32a)+12a(2Pa3EI−Pa3EI)(53a
)
Therefore,
tA/C=Pa36EI+Pa32EI+5Pa318EI
δmidspan=61woa436EI answer
tA/C=17Pa318EI

Problem 666
Therefore,
Determine the value of EIδ at the right end of the
δmidspan=17Pa318EI answer
overhanging beam shown in Fig. P-666.

Problem 665
Replace the concentrated load in Prob. 664 by a uniformly
distributed load of intensity wo acting over the middle half
of the beam. Find the maximum deflection.

Solution 665
Solution 666

Solution 667
ΣMR2=0]

ΣMB=0 9R1+4(60)=12(6)(100)(2)

aRA=wob(12b) R1=40 lb

RA=wob22a
ΣMR1=0

EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A 9R2=12(6)(100)(7)+13(60)

EItA/B=12a(12wob2)(23a) R2=320 lb

EItA/B=16woa2b2

EItC/B=(AreaBC)X¯C
EItC/B=13b(12wob2)(34b)
EItC/B=18wob4

yCb=tA/Ba
yC=batA/B
EIyC=baEItA/B
EIyC=ba(16woa2b2)
EIyC=16woab3

δC=yC+tC/B
EIδC=EIyC+EItC/B
EIδC=16woab3+18wob4
EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A
EIδC=124wob3(4a+3b) answer
EItA/B=12(9)(360)(6)−14(6)(600)(395)
EItA/B=2700 N⋅m3
Problem 667
Determine the value of EIδ at the right end of the
EItC/B=(AreaBC)X¯C
overhanging beam shown in Fig. P-667. Is the deflection up
or down? EItC/B=−12(4)(240)(83)
EItC/B=−1280 N⋅m3

The negative sign indicates that the elastic curve is below

the tangent line. It is shown in the figure indicated as tC/B.
See Rules of Sign for Area-Moment Method. 600−3P=432 lb

yC4=tA/B9 Under the 100-lb load:

EItB/C=(AreaBC)X¯B
yC=49tA/B
EItB/C=12(6)(172.8)(2)+12(6)(432)(4)−12(6)(600)(4)
EIyC=49EItA/B
EItB/C=−979.2 lb⋅ft3
EIyC=49(2700)
The negative sign indicates that the elastic curve is below
EIyC=1200 N⋅m3
the reference tangent.

Since the absolute value of EI tC/B is greater than the

Therefore,
absolute value of EI yC, the elastic curve is below the
EIδB=979.2 lb⋅ft3 downward answer
undeformed neutral axis (NA) of the beam.

Therefore,
EIδD=1280−1200
EIδD=80 N⋅m3 below C (deflection is down) answer

Problem 668
For the beam shown in Fig. P-668, compute the value of P
that will cause the tangent to the elastic curve over support
R2 to be horizontal. What will then be the value of EIδ under
the 100-lb load?

Problem 669
Compute the value of EIδ midway between the supports of
Solution 668
the beam shown in Fig. P-669.
10R1+3P=6(100)
R1=60−0.30P
EItA/C=0
(AreaAC)X¯A=0
12(10)(600−3P)(203)−12(6)(600)(8)=0
P=56 lb answer

Thus,
240−1.2P=172.8 lb Solution 669
ΣMR2=0 yB2=12tC/A
12R1+3 EIyB2=12EItC/A
(6)(120)
EIyB2=12(6480)
=9(6)(1
20) EIyB2=3240 lb⋅ft3

R1=360
lb Since tB/A is greater than yB2, the elastic curve is above point
B as concluded previously.

ΣMR1=0
Therefore,
12R2=3
EIδB=EItB/A−EIyB2
(6)(120)
+15(6)( EIδB=6480−3240
120) EIδB=3240 lb⋅ft3 answer
R2=108
0 lb
Problem 670
Determine the value of EIδ at the left end of the
By ratio overhanging beam shown in Fig. P-670.
and
proporti
on:
a6=432
012
a=2160
lb⋅ft

By squared property of parabola:

b62=−8640122 Solution 670
b=−2160 lb⋅ft ΣMR2=0
3R1=600+12(3)(900)(1)
EItC/A=(AreaAC)X¯C
R1=650 N
EItC/A=13(6)(2160)(32)+12(12)(4320)(4)−13(12)(8640)(3)
EItC/A=6480 lb⋅ft3 ΣMR2=0
3R2+600=12(3)(900)(2)
EItB/A=(AreaAB)X¯B
R2=700 N
EItB/A=12(6a)(2)−13(6b)(32)
EItB/A=6a−3b
EItB/A=6(2160)−3(2160)
EItB/A=6480 lb⋅ft3

With the values of EI tC/A and EI tB/A, it is obvious that the

elastic curve is above point B. The deflection at B (up or
down) can also be determined by comparing the values of
tB/A and yB2.

By ratio and proportion:

yB26=tC/A12
EItC/B=(AreaBC)X¯C
EItC/B=12(3)(1950)(1)−3(600)(32)−14(3)(1350)(35)
EItC/B=−382.5 N⋅m3

EItA/B=(AreaAB)X¯A
EItA/B=−1(600)(12)
EItA/B=−300 N⋅m3

The negative signs above indicates only the location of

elastic curve relative to the reference tangent. It does not
indicate magnitude. It shows that the elastic curve is below
the reference tangent at points A and C.

By ratio and proportion

δA−tA/B1=tC/B3
δA=13tC/B+tA/B
EIδA=13EItC/B+EItA/B
EIδA=13(382.5)+300
EIδA=427.5 N⋅m3 answer