GMAS Practice Question

• Which is the correct order of the levels of cellular

organization in order from simplest to most
complex?

A. Organisms, Organ systems, Organs, Tissues,

Cells
B. Tissues, Cells, Organs, Organ systems,
Organisms
C. Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ systems,
Organisms
D. Organs, Tissues, Cells, Organisms, Organ
systems
 Is it Living?
What are the 6 characteristics of ALL living
things?

• Organized
• Respond
• Use Energy
• Grow
• Develop
• Reproduce
 Standard S7L2
Obtain, evaluate, and communicate
information to describe how cell
structures, cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems interact to maintain
the basic needs of organisms.
 Standard S7L2
Scaffold
Obtain (find; gain), evaluate (form an
idea), and communicate information
to describe how cell structures, cells,
tissues, organs, and organ systems
interact (cooperate; act together) to
maintain (support; keep up) the basic
needs of organisms (living things).
 Standard S7L2.A
Develop a model and construct an
explanation of how cell structures
(specifically the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell
membrane, cell wall, chloroplasts,
lysosome, and mitochondria)contribute to
the function of the cell as a system in
obtaining nutrients in order to grow,
reproduce, make needed materials, and
process waste.
 Standard S7L2.A
Scaffold
Develop (create; make) a model and construct
(form; put together) an explanation (description;
clarification) of how cell structures contribute to
the function (job; operation) of the cell as a
system in obtaining (gathering; finding; locating)
nutrients in order to grow, reproduce, make
needed materials, and process (treat; handle;
manage) waste.
 Essential Question
How do cells obtain energy and materials to
carryout life processes?
Moving Cellular Material
 Cells
• Take in food, oxygen and
other substances from their
environments
• They release waste materials
into their environments.
 Cell Membrane
• works like a window screen
• It is selectively permeable
• It only allows certain
materials to enter and leave
through its small openings
 The Way Things Move
Through The Cell Membrane
Depend On….
• the size of molecule or
particle
• the path taken through
membrane
• if energy is needed
 Two Ways Material Can
Travel Through The Cell
Membrane

• Passive transport
• Active transport
 Passive Transport
• Movement of substances
into and out of cell without
the use of energy.
• Like riding a bicycle down a
hill
 Three Types of Passive
Transport
• Diffusion
• Osmosis
• Facilitated Diffusion
 Diffusion
• substances move from areas
of higher concentration to
areas of lower concentration.
• Stops when both areas have
reached equilibrium (same
amount on the inside and
outside of the cell).
When you breathe, how does
oxygen get from your lungs to
cells in your big toe?
• Every cell in your body uses
oxygen
• Oxygen is carried
throughout your body in
your blood by red blood
cells.
• The oxygen molecules from
your lungs diffuse into your
red blood cells.
• When the blood reaches
your big toe there are more
oxygen molecules in your
blood cells then in your toe
cells.
• The oxygen
diffuses from
your red blood
cells into your
big toe cells.
Why do salty foods make you
thirsty?
 Osmosis
• The movement of water
through the cell membrane
• Molecules move from areas
of high concentration of
water to areas less
concentrated with water.
 Osmosis
• Can cause a cell to swell or
shrink, depending on how
much water is available.
 What causes a plant to wilt?
• When plants do not have
enough water their cell
membrane pulls away from
the cell wall.
• This reduces the pressure
on the cell wall and the
plant cells become limp.
Dried beans are
soaked overnight in
preparation for
cooking. Explain the
process affecting the
beans. What will
happen to the dried
beans?
• Osmosis
• The water will move inside
of the bean.
• The bean will become
plump.
A celery stalk is placed in a
solution. It begins to wilt.
What is a likely component of
the solution.
• Salt
• Since there are fewer water
molecules in the salt
solution around the celery
cells, the water from inside
the celery cells leave the
cells and move into the salt
solution.
Why do salty foods make you
thirsty?
• The salt present in the food
causes water to leave your
cells; therefore, your body
needs water to replace what
your cells have lost.
 Facilitated Diffusion
• When molecules are too big to
pass through the cell
membrane they have to have
help
• Transport proteins help these
molecules in and out of the cell
 Active Transport
• Movement of substances into and
out of cell with the use of energy.
• Like pushing a bicycle up a hill
• Uses transport proteins
• Moving from an area of low
concentration to high concentration
 Endocytosis & Exocytosis
• Used when particles are too large to pass
through the cell membrane
• During endocytosis (in) part of the cell
membrane wraps around a particle and engulfs
it into the cell
• During exocytosis (out) a vesicle is filled with
molecules to be released from the cell. The
vesicle fuses to the cell membrane and the
contents are released to the outside.
 T.O.D.
Which of the following are examples of
diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion or
equilibrium?