rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 1

This print-out should have 21 questions. Explanation:

Multiple-choice questions may continue on By completing the square we see that the
the next column or page – find all choices equation of the circle can be written as
before answering.
(x − 3)2 + (y − 2)2 = 16.
001 10.0 points
Thus the center of the circle is C(3, 2) and
Rewrite the expression the radius of the circle is 4 units. In this case,
√
q
(i) P (9, 4) lies inside the circle if
a + b.
dist (P, C) < 4,
1. a + b
(ii) P (9, 4) lies on the circle if
1/2
2. a + b
dist (P, C) = 4,
1/4
3. a + b
(iii) P (9, 4) lies outside the circle if
4. a1/2 + b1/4
dist (P, C) > 4.
5. (a + b1/2 )1/2 correct
Explanation: But by the distance formula,
√
Since x = x1/2 , we see that q √
dist (P, C) = (6)2 + (2)2 = 40 > 4.
√
q
a+ b = (a + b1/2 )1/2 .
Consequently

002 10.0 points P (9, 4) lies outside circle .

The graph of
003 10.0 points
x2 − 6x + y 2 − 4y − 3 = 0
Simplify the expression
is a circle having center C. Determine if the 9
point P (9, 4) lies inside, on, or outside the 3+
circle. f (x) =  x −x 2 
1−3 2
x −4
√
1. outside circle as dist(P, C) = 40 cor- as much as possible.
rect
3(x + 2)
√ 1. f (x) = correct
2. inside circle as dist(P, C) = 44 x−4

√ 3(x + 2)
2. f (x) =
3. inside circle as dist(P, C) = 40 2x − 4
x−2
√ 3. f (x) =
4. outside circle as dist(P, C) = 44 x+4

√ 3(x − 2)
5. on circle as dist(P, C) = 40 4. f (x) =
x−4
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 2
is the set {x : x 6= 0 }.
x+2
5. f (x) =
x+4
1. A and C only
x−2
6. f (x) =
2x + 4 2. none of them
Explanation:
3. A only
After bringing the numerator to a common
denominator it becomes
4. B only
3x − 6 + 9 3x + 3
= .
x−2 x−2 5. all of them
Similarly, after bringing the denominator to
a common denominator and factoring it be- 6. A and B only
comes
7. C only correct
x2 − 4 − 3x (x + 1)(x − 4)
= .
2
x −4 x2 − 4 8. B and C only
Consequently, Explanation:
9 A. FALSE: since
3+
f (x) =  x −x 2  (f · g)(x) = f (x)g(x) ,
1−3 2
x −4
both f (x) and g(x) need to be defined if (f ·
3x + 3  x2 − 4  g)(x) is to be defined.
= .
(x + 1)(x − 4) x−2 B. FALSE: f (x) needs to be defined.
On the other hand, C. TRUE: the value of
x2 − 4 = (x + 2)(x − 2) . x2 − 4
x
Thus, finally, we see that
will be defined whenever x 6= 0, so this is the
3(x + 2) domain of f .
f (x) = .
x−4
keywords: T/F, TrueFalse, domain, product,
004 10.0 points properties of functions,

005 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points

Which of the following statements are true? Consider the graph
A. The domain of the function (f · g)(x) y
6
consists of the numbers x that are in the
domain of either f or g. 4

B. If no domain is specified for a function 2

f , then the domain is taken to be the set of 0
real numbers. -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 x
-2
C. The domain of the function -4
x2 −4 -6
f (x) =
x
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 3

2|x − 2| 5. (−∞, −2] ∪ [2, ∞)

f (x) =
x−2
Find the domain. 6. [−2, 2]

1. (−∞, −2) ∪ (−2, ∞) 7. (−∞, ∞)

2. [−2, 2] 8. [−∞, −2] ∪ [2, ∞]

3. [−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞] 9. [−∞, ∞]

4. [−∞, −2) ∪ (−2, ∞] 10. None of these correct

5. (−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞) correct Explanation:

The range is the two values −2 and 2.
6. (−2, 2)
007 10.0 points
7. [−2, 2)
When
8. (−∞, ∞) 8
7
9. [−∞, ∞] 6
3
5
10. (−2, 2] 4
2
3
Explanation: 2
1
1
0

2 (x − 2)
= 2, x ≥ 2

 -1 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3
x − 2

f (x) = -2
2(−x + 2) -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
= −2, x < 2



x−2 is the graph of
so the graph is defined for all real numbers x
for which the denominator is not zero: y = a + b cos mx, (m > 0),
x − 2 6= 0
x 6= 2 . on [−4, 4], what is b?

so the domain is (−∞, 2) ∪ (2, ∞). 1. b = 4

006 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points 7

2. b =
Find the range. 4
3. b = −4
1. (−2, 2)
4. b = −2
2. (−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞)
5. b = 2 correct
3. [−2, 2)
Explanation:
4. (−2, 2] As
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 4
8
7 Identify the graphs of y1 and y5 among
6
3 these.
5
4
2 1. y1 : bbbbbb y5 :
3
2
1
1
0 2. y1 : tu
u tu
tutu
tut y5 :
-1 −3 −2 −1 1 2 3
-2
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
shows, the given graph is that of 3. y1 : y5 :
3 1
y = + 2 cos πx ,
2 2
in other words, the graph of 4. y1 : y5 :
1
y = 2 cos πx
2
3
shifted vertically by a term y = 2. Thus b is 5. y1 : y5 : cor-
given by
rect
b = 2 .

Explanation:
keywords: trig graph, trig function, cos func- A number of crucial features can be read
tion, amplitude, phase shift, vertical shift, from the figure that are sufficient to answer
the question.
008 10.0 points
(i) All of the graphs intersect at (1, 1) .
The figure below contains the graphs of (ii) For 0 < x < 1,
y1 = x1/4 , y2 = x1/2 , y3 = x3/4
x−1/4 > x1/4 > x1/2 > x3/4 ,
and
y4 = x−1/4 , y5 = x−1/2 , y6 = x−3/4 . while for x > 1,

x−1/4 < x1/4 < x1/2 < x3/4 .

(iii) On the other hand,

bb
bb
b bb
b x1/4 < x−1/4 < x−1/2 < x−3/4 ,
bb tt
tu
tu
tu
u
b bb ututu
tu
b u tu
tt
u
b bu
bt tuttu
tu for 0 < x < 1, while
b t
utu
bu
bu
bu
tt
tu
u t
t
utu
u
b bb
t
tutu
tb
x1/4 > x−1/4 > x−1/2 > x−3/4 .
tu
tu
u bb
t
u b
tut bb
tu
u b
t b
u
t bb
u for x > 1.
t
u
t bb
u
t b
u
b Thus, prior to the intersection point,
tb
u
b

y6 > y5 > y4 > y1 > y2 > y3 ,

 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 5
while
y
y6 < y5 < y4 < y1 < y2 < y3

after the intersection point. Consequently,

the graphs are given by 1. x

y1 : y5 :

009 10.0 points

y
The straight line ℓ is perpendicular to the
line
y + 3x = 5

and passes through the point P (2, 3). Find 2. x

the x-intercept of ℓ.

1. x-intercept = −7 correct

2. x-intercept = −11
y
3. x-intercept = 11

4. x-intercept = 7
3. x correct
5. x-intercept = −5
Explanation:
Since ℓ is perpendicular to the line

y + 3x = 5, y

it has slope 1/3. Thus by the point-slope

formula the equation of ℓ is given by

1 4. x
y−3 = (x − 2).
3

Now the x-intercept of ℓ is the solution of

y = 0. Consequently,

x-intercept = −7 .

010 10.0 points

Match the function f (x) = x4 − 4x2 with its
graph
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 6
y outside the square and inside the circle when
the area of the circle is 64π sq. units.

1. area = 64(π − 1) sq. units

5. x 2. area = 8(π − 2) sq. units

3. area = 64(4 − π) sq. units

4. area = 8(4 − π) sq. units

y
5. area = 64(π − 2) sq. units correct

6. area = 8(π − 1) sq. units

Explanation:
6. x The area of circle of radius r is πr 2, so the
circle in the figure has radius 8. On the other
hand, a square of side-length b has area = b2 .
The shaded area thus has

area = 64π − b2 .
Explanation:
The degree is even and the leading coeffi- To find b when r = 8 it is convenient to realize
cient is positive, so the graph rises to the left the circle as the graph
and to the right. The y intercept is 0.

f (x) = x4 − 4x2 (x, x)

= x2 (x2 − 4)
= x2 (x − 2) (x + 2)

So the roots are x = 0 (double root), x = 2

and x = −2.

011 10.0 points

Find the area of the shaded region shown
in

of the circle

x2 + y 2 = 64

of radius 8 centered at the origin. The coordi-

nates (x, x) of the vertex of the square lying
on this circle satisfies the equation
√
x2 + x2 = 64 , i.e., x = 4 2 .

But then the square has side-length

√
b = 2x = 8 2 .
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 7
Consequently, the shaded region has as much as possible, leaving no negative ex-
ponents and no radicals.
area = 64(π − 2) sq. units .
x10 z 27
1.
y 28
keywords: circle, area, square, side-length, x10
2. 28 27 correct
radius, y z

012 10.0 points x10 y 28

3.
Find the asymptotes of z 27

3x4 − 5x + 3 x2
g(x) = . 4.
x4 + 1 y 4 z 21
x10
1. y = 1 5.
y 4 z 21

2. y = 3 correct Explanation:
By the Laws of Exponents
3. None of these
 xy −2 6 x6
√ = 12 3 ,
4. x = −1, x = 1 z y z

5. x = −1, y = 3 while
y 2 8
 y 16 z 24
= .
6. y = 0 x1/2 z −3 x4
Consequently, the given expression can be
7. x = −1 rewritten as
Explanation:
9 x6 x4 x10
× = 28 27 .
y 12 z 3 y 16 z 24 y z

014 10.0 points

-9 9

-3 Find the exact value of

4
The denominator x + 1 is never zero for   π 
4
real x, so there is no vertical asymptote. logπ π tan .
4
3x4
The end behavior is that of 4 = 3, so
x
g(x) → 3 as x → ±∞. 1. value is not defined
Thus the horizontal asymptote is y = 3.
2. value = 4π
013 10.0 points
3. value = −4
Simplify the expression
4. value = −4π
 xy −2 6  y 2 8
√ ÷
z x1/2 z −3 5. value = π
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 8

−(x + 1) , x > 1,

6. value = −π 6. f (x) = cor-
x+ 1, x < 1.
7. value = 4 correct rect
Explanation:
π Explanation:
Since tan = 1, Since
4
a, , a ≥ 0,

  π  |a| =
logπ π 4 tan = logπ π 4 .


−a , a < 0,
4
we see that
x− 1, x ≥ 1,

But by properties of logs,
|x − 1| =
1 − x, x < 1.
loga (xr ) = r loga (x) , loga (a) = 1 .
In particular, therefore,
1, x > 1,

Consequently, with a = π, we see that x−1
=
|x − 1| −1 , x < 1,
  π 
logπ π 4 tan = 4 . where the point x = 1 has been excluded
4 from the domain because the quotient is not
defined at that point. On the other hand,
1 − x2 = (1 + x)(1 − x) ,
keywords: PlaceUT, log function, log arbi-
trary base, trig function, trig value, exact so f can now be rewritten as a product
 x−1 
value, tan, properties of logs, f (x) = g(x)
|x − 1|
015 10.0 points of g(x) = −(x+1) and the previous piecewise-
defined function.
By removing absolute values, express Consequently,
−(x + 1) , x > 1,

1 − x2 f (x) =
f (x) =
|x − 1| x+1, x < 1.

as a piecewise-defined function. keywords: piecewise-defined function, abso-

lute value,
1 −x, x > −1 ,

1. f (x) = 016 10.0 points
x− 1, x < −1 .
Which of the following is a graph of a 1 − 1

x− 1, x > −1 , function?
2. f (x) =
1 − x, x < −1 .
4

x− 1, x > 1, 1.
3. f (x) = 2
1 −x, x < 1.

x+1, x > −1 ,

4. f (x) = −4 −2 2 4
−(x + 1) , x < −1 .
−2
x+ 1, x > 1,

5. f (x) = −4
−(x + 1) , x < 1.
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 9

4
4 6.
2.
2
2

−4 −2 2 4
−4 −2 2 4
−2
−2
−4
−4

Explanation:
4 The graph of a 1-1 function passes both the
3. vertical line test (no vertical line can intersect
the graph at more than one point) and the
2
horizontal line test (no horizontal line can
intersect the graph at more than one point).
−4 −2 2 4 Now the graph of the circle fails both the
vertical and horizontal line tests, while two of
−2 the remaining graphs fail the horizontal line
test and another two fail the vertical line test.
−4 The only graph passing both the horizontal
and vertical line tests is

4
4. 4
2
2
−4 −2 2 4
−2 −4 −2 2 4

−4 −2

−4
4
5. correct
2 so only this one is the graph of a 1-1 function.

017 10.0 points

−4 −2 2 4
−2
The graphs of three exponential functions
−4 are shown in
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 10
see that bemx is growing more slowly than ex .
Implicitly, the constant in front of x in ex is
1, and therefore we can conclude that m < 1
because the graph of bemx does not grow as
quickly as that of ex .
ex : C. TRUE: a and b can be seen as the y-
bemx : values of the y-intercept of the graphs of the
exponentials. Therefore since the graphs of
aekx : aekx and bemx have the same y-intercept, we
can conclude a = b.

keywords:

018 10.0 points

Which of the statements Find all solutions of
A. k > 0,
tan2 x − 1 = 0
B. m > 1,
in the interval [0, 2π).
C. a = b,
are true? π 3π
1. x = ,
4 4
1. A only π 7π
2. x = ,
4 4
2. B only π 5π
3. x = ,
4 4
3. C only correct π 3π 5π 7π
4. x = , , , correct
4 4 4 4
4. all of them
5. None of these
5. none of them Explanation:
6. A and C only
tan2 x − 1 = 0
7. B and C only
tan2 x = 1
8. A and B only tan x = ±1
π 3π 5π 7π
Explanation: x= , , ,
4 4 4 4
A. FALSE: The y-intercept of the graph
of aekx indicates that a > 0. Therefore, the 019 10.0 points
function aekx is increasing whenever k > 0
and decreasing whenever k < 0. Since we see
that the graph is decreasing, we can conclude Compute the exact value of cos 2θ when
that k < 0.
1
B. FALSE: For an exponential function in cos θ = .
3
the form given, the growth of the function for
larger x values is determined only by the value 7
of m. Using the graph of ex as a reference, we 1. cos 2θ =
9
 rolland (tjr744) – Homework01 – Gilbert – (54600) 11

1 π 1
2. cos 2θ = 4. a = 3, b = ,c =
3 3 2
4 5. None of these
3. cos 2θ =
9 Explanation:
1 Basic Concept:
4. cos 2θ = −
3 y = arccos x ⇔ cos y = x
4 Solution:
5. cos 2θ = −
9 cos π = −1 ⇒ π = arccos(−1)
7
 
2π −1 2π −1
6. cos 2θ = − correct cos = ⇒ = arccos
9 3 2 3 2
√ √ !
Explanation: π 3 π 3
By the double-angle formula, cos = ⇒ = arccos
6 2 6 2
cos 2θ = 2 cos2 θ − 1 .
021 10.0 points
Consequently, when Find all solutions of
1 cos x + sin x tan x = 2
cos θ = ,
3 in the interval [0, 2π).
we see that π 2π
1. x = ,
 1 2 7 3 3
cos 2θ = 2 −1 = − . π
3 9 2. x =
3
π 5π
3. x = , correct
keywords: PlaceUT, double angle formula, 3 3
trig function, cos, sin, exact value, π
4. x =
6
020 10.0 points π 11π
Find the coordinate of the points in the figure 5. x = ,
6 6
π π 5π
6. x = ,
(-1,a) 6 6
(c,π/6)
Explanation:
(-1/2,b)

-1.5 1.5 cos x + sin

 x tan x=2
-π/6 sin x
cos x + sin x =2
cos x
y = arccos x cos2 x + sin2 x
=2
√ cos x
2π 3 1
1. a = π, b = ,c = correct =2
3 2 cos x
2π 1 1
2. a = π, b = ,c = cos x =
3 2 2
√ π 5π
2π 2 x= ,
3. a = 3, b = ,c = 3 3
3 2