International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN NO: 2279-543X

Securing IoT based smart cities through fog computing

1
Annapurna Bala, 2Dr.Guru Kesava Das. Gopisettry.
1
Dept. Of Computer Science, 2HOD, Dept. Of CSE
1
Ch.S.D.St Theresas Autonomous College for Women,
Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India,
2
Eluru college of Engineering,
Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India.
1
E-mail: annapurnagandrety@gmail.com

Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is the inter-networking of physical devices, vehicles (also
referred to as "connected devices" and "smart devices"), buildings, and other items embedded with
electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity which enable these objects to
collect and exchange data. The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across
existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical
world into computer-based systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic
benefit in addition to reduced human intervention. When IoT is augmented with sensors and
actuators, the technology becomes an instance of the more general class of cyber-physical systems,
which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, virtual power plants, smart homes,
intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely identifiable through its
embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet infrastructure.
Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of about 30 billion objects by 2020.

Keywords: smart devices, electronics, network connectivity, smart grids

1. Introduction

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been given scant attention in smart cities literature,
whereas promises are high. The IoT describes a situation whereby physical objects are
connected to the Internet and are able to communicate with, and identify themselves to,
other devices. These devices generate a huge amount of data. When it is possible to
combine data from devices and other systems, new insights may be created which may
provide important benefits. In this paper we explore the expected benefits of IoT for smart
cities literature by investigating case studies in Smart Agriculture, Smart Transportation,
Smart Energy, Smart Lighting, Smart Education Service, Smart Public Works and Smart
Water Management. The results show that IoT has a variety of expected political,
strategic, tactical and operational benefits which implies that IoT enables effective
knowledge management, sharing and collaboration between domains and divisions at all
levels of the organisation, as well as between government and citizens.

2. Fog computing

Fog computing places processes and resources at the edge of the cloud, often on network
devices, while data remains stored in the cloud. This leads to faster processing times and
fewer resources consumed. Fog computing is a response to some of the issues and
problems encountered from regular cloud computing.

Fog computing goes around the internet entirely by processing data locally. Fogging
basically helps cloud systems by easing the burden of processing data. Fog computing
gives the cloud a companion to handle the two Exabyte’s of data generated daily from the
Internet of Things. Processing data closer to where it is produced and needed solves the

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN NO: 2279-543X

challenges of exploding data volume, variety, and velocity. Fog computing accelerates
awareness and response to events by eliminating a round trip to the cloud for analysis. It
avoids the need for costly bandwidth additions by offloading gigabytes of network traffic
from the core network. It also protects sensitive IoT data by analysing it inside company
walls. Ultimately, organizations that adopt fog computing gain deeper and faster insights,
leading to increased business agility, higher service levels, and improved safety. Fog
computing-enabled light solutions enable, control, monitoring, and management of end
devices, using sunset sunrise data, one can schedule lights to turn on/off.

3. Smart Education Service

This service provides real-time, interactive high-definition lectures that feel like face to-
face meetings at home through high-definition (HD) services and wide-area Internet
infrastructure. Instructors participate in the lectures by using equipment in private
educational institutes or separate places, and even foreign language teachers in other
countries can access this service through the Internet.

4. Smart Water Work Management

One of a city's most important pieces of critical infrastructure is its water system. With
populations in cities growing, it is inevitable that water consumption will grow as well.
The term “Smart Water Work Management “points to water and wastewater infrastructure
that ensures this precious resource - and the energy used to transport it - is managed
effectively. A smart water system is designed to gather meaningful and actionable data
about the flow, pressure and distribution of a city's water. Further, it is critical that that the
consumption and forecasting of water use is accurate. A city's water distribution and
management system must be sound and viable in the long term to maintain its growth and
should be equipped with the capacity to be monitored and networked with other critical
systems to obtain more sophisticated and granular information on how they are
performing and affecting each other.

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN NO: 2279-543X

5. Smart Public Works

Public Works authorities play a major role in building and managing infrastructure of
cities. These agencies are often challenged by increased regulations, environmental risks
and constrained budgets, compounded by increased customer service and delivery
demands. Smart Public Works enables these departments to harness the power of
geography, integrated platform and Business Intelligence to provide a single point of
access to critical information through enterprise system optimization, effective capital
project management and asset management.

Acknowledgement
Dr.Guru Kesava Das. Gopisettry is the Professor & HOD, in CSE Department, Eluru
college of Engineering Eluru. He obtained Doctorol Degree in Engineering Ph.D(CSE)
from Acharya Nagarjuna University, in the year 2014. He received his Master's Degree in
Engineering, M.E (CSE) from Anna University, Chennai in the year 2008. He completed
his Bachelor's Degree in Engineering, B.E (CSE) from Anna University, Chennai. He has
a rich experience of 17 years which includes Teaching, Research and Administration. He
served various reputed engineering colleges as a HOD for several years. He is a multi-
tasking personality and ago getter. His relentless efforts and commitment in Institutional
Administration lead few colleges to reach greater heights. He published several technical
papers in National and International Journals of repute. He is a certified professional of
IBM Rational.

References

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things
[2]. http://smartcities.gov.in/content/innerpage/smart-city-features.php
[3]. https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/trends/iot/docs /computing-overview.pdf

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