DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR ISI.............................................................................................................i
DAFTAR TABEL........................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR GAMBAR....................................................................................................iii

BAB 1 PERMASALAHAN DANAU DAN PERATURAN PENGELOLAANNYA................... 1

1.1. Pendahuluan........................................................................................................ 1
1.2. Daerah Tangkapan Air Danau........................................................................... 3
1.2.1. Hutan Lindung 4
........................................................................................................
1.2.2. Lahan Kritis 5
........................................................................................................
1.2.3. Longsor 7
........................................................................................................
1.3. Sempadan Danau Ketertiban dan Okupasi Lahan.......................................... 12
1.4. Badan Air Danau................................................................................................. 18
1.4.1. Sawah pada Lahan Surutan Danau 18
.........................................................................................................
1.4.2. Sedimentasi Danau 18
.........................................................................................................
1.4.3. Pencemaran Air dan Eutrofikasi Danau 20
.........................................................................................................
1.4.4. Gulma Air 25
.........................................................................................................
1.5. Pemanfaatan Danau........................................................................................... 28
1.6. Bencana dan Daya Rusak Danau 29
1.6.1. Bencana Banjir 29
1.6.2. Bencana Pencemaran Air Oleh Arus Balik Dari Dasar Danau 31

BAB 2 KRITERIA TINGKAT KERUSAKAN DANAU............................................................. 35

2.1. Kriteria Tingkat Kerusakan Danau.................................................................... 35
2.2. Daerah Tangkapan Air Danau.......................................................................... 36
2.3. Sempadan Danau............................................................................................... 37
2.4. Badan Air Danau................................................................................................. 38
2.5. Pendayagunaan Air Danau............................................................................... 40
2.6. Infrastruktur Terbangun.................................................................................... 42
2.7. Pengendalian daya rusak Danau...................................................................... 44
2.8. Kelembagaan Danau.......................................................................................... 44

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.1. Permasalahan Danau................................................................................... 2

Tabel 1.2. Luas Lahan Kritis Beberapa Danau........................................................... 5

Tabel 1.3. Lampiran (Appendix) 2. Klasifikasi Tingkat Erosi..................................... 6

Tabel 1.4. Klasifikasi Indeks Erosi................................................................................. 6

Tabel 1.5. Peruntukan fungsi kawasan pada masing-masing tipe zona

berpotensi longsor berdasarkan tingkat kerawanan................................ 9
Tabel 1.6. Kedalaman Danau Limboto......................................................................... 19

Tabel 1.7. Laju Sedimentasi Danau Lindu.................................................................... 19

Tabel 1.8. Laju Sedimentasi Danau Batur.................................................................... 20

Tabel 1.9. Kelas Air PP No.82 Tahun 2011.................................................................. 21

Tabel 1.10. Penentuan Status Mutu Air Berdasarkan Metode Storet........................ 23

Tabel 1.11. Kategori Status Trofik Danau...................................................................... 24
Tabel 1.12. Kondisi status trofik beberapa danau....................................................... 24
Tabel 1.13. Bencana Arus Balik dan Kematian Ikan Danau......................................... 32
Tabel 2.1. Kriteria Kondisi Daerah Tangkapan Air Danau....................................... 36
Tabel 2.2. Kriteria Kondisi Sempadan Danau............................................................. 38
Tabel 2.3. Kriteria Kondisi Badan Air Danau............................................................... 39
Tabel 2.4. Kriteria Kondisi Pemanfaatan atau Pendayagunaan Air Danau............. 41
Tabel 2.5. Kriteria Kondisi Infrastruktur Terbangun................................................... 43
Tabel 2.6. Kriteria Pengendalian daya rusak Danau................................................... 44
Tabel 2.7. Kriteria Aspek Kelembagaan Danau........................................................... 45

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1. Lahan Kritis DTA Danau Rawapening........................................................ 6

Gambar 1.2. Peta Tingkat Kekritisan Lahan DTA danau Maninjau............................... 7
Gambar 1.3. Kemiringan Lereng Daerah Tangkapan Air Danau Maninjau.................. 10
Gambar 1.4. Peta Tingkat Kelongsoran Lahan DTA danau Maninjau......................... 11
Gambar 1.5. Bencana longsor di DTA Danau Mninjau menyebabkan aliran air
S.Koto Kaciak tertimbun batu dan lumpur longsoran.............................. 11
Gambar 1.6. Kerusakan Persawahan yang tergenangi banjir lumpur luapan.............
Sungai Koto Kaciak....................................................................................... 12
Gambar 1.7. Bangunan di zone sempadan dan gulma air di Danau Toba.................. 16
Gambar 1.8. Bangunan berada di zone sempadan 50 m pada beberapa danau ........ 16
Gambar 1.9. Gulma air menyempitkan dan mendangkalkan Danau Taliwang........... 27
Gambar 1.10. Gulma air pada beberapa danau paparan banjir...................................... 27
Gambar 1.11. Angkutan pakan ikan untuk budi daya ikan keramba di Danau 28
Toba...............................................................................................................
Gambar 1.12. Keramba jaring apung budi daya ikan di Danau Toba............................ 29
Gambar 1.13. Permukiman desa Trunyan di sempadan danau Batur terendam
banjir ............................................................................................................. 30
Gambar 1.14. Luapan banjir danau Paniai menggenangi kota dan bandara
Enarotalli........................................................................................................ 30
Gambar 1.15. Kematian ikan budi daya keramba di Danau Maninjau akibat
bencana arus balik air dasar danau........................................................... 32
Gambar 1.16. Peningkatan Jumlah Keramba Danau Maninjau....................................... 34

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