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Launched in 1994, the Audi A8 was the world's first large-volume In comparison with the predecessor model, both body variants are
production car with a self-supporting aluminium body. Since then, noticeably longer. The interior of the luxury saloon is deliberately
Audi has built around a million cars with the Audi Space Frame minimalist, with a clearly defined and strictly horizontal architec-
(ASF) body. Its successor, the A8 (type 4N), continues this tradi- ture. Audi carries its high quality standards into the digital age
tion. The design of the new A8 perfectly embodies the fundamen- with a radically new operating concept. The driver controls the
tal qualities for which Audi is renowned – sports appeal, light- infotainment system with fingertip control on the large display.
weight construction and quattro all-wheel drive. Stylistically, the The driver can use a second touchscreen display on the centre
Audi A8 marks the beginning of a new design era for the entire tunnel console to access the air conditioning and comfort func-
brand. The front end with its wide, upright Singleframe grille and tions as well as making text inputs. The MHEV (mild hybrid elec-
the fluid, muscular body symbolise sporty elegance, sophistication tric vehicle) technology of Audi is based on the newly developed
and progressiveness. The defining design feature of the new 48 volt electrical system – it supplies the 12 volt system, which in
Audi A8 is spacious luxury; the cabin of the Audi A8 resembles a this case becomes the electrical subsystem.
spacious lounge with generous proportions.
662_002
Learning objectives of this self study programme:
This self study programme describes the design and function of >> Engines available at launch
the Audi A8 (type 4N). Once you have completed this self study >> 48 volt electrical system
programme you will be able to answer questions on the following >> New suspension features
topics: >> New power transmission features
>> New features of the assistance systems
2
Contents
Introduction
Presentation __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4
Dimensions ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6
Body
Introduction __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8
Attachments _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12
Interior equipment _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14
Roof variants _ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19
Engines
Petrol engine - diesel engine _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 20
Engine/gearbox combinations _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 21
Fuel tank _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 22
SCR system (selective catalytic reduction) _ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 24
Exhaust system for the 3.0l TFSI engine _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 26
Exhaust system for the 3.0l TFSI engine _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 27
Power transmission
Overview _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 30
Automatic gearbox selector mechanism _ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 32
Parking lock emergency release ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 33
8-speed automatic gearbox 0D5 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 34
Functions influencing the gearbox and sport differential _ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41
Suspension
Overview _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 44
Axles and wheel alignment ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 45
Adaptive air suspension (aas) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 46
Steering system _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47
Suspension ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 48
Wheels and tyres ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 49
Air conditioning
Introduction of the new R744 refrigerant ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 52
New features of the Audi A8 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 53
Appendix
Self study programmes ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 107
The self study programme teaches a basic understanding of the design and mode of operation of new models, Note
new automotive components or new technologies.
It is not a repair manual! Figures are given for explanatory purposes only and refer to the data valid at the
time of preparation of the SSP.
This content is not updated. Reference
For further information about maintenance and repair work, always refer to the current technical literature.
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Introduction
Presentation
Audi has reneegineered the 4th generation A8 (type 4N) from the tive comfort, the luxury saloon demonstrates Vorsprung durch
ground up. Thanks to a trendsetting design, state-of-the-art Technik right across the board. Below you will find summarised the
suspension solutions, touchscreen operating concept and superla- key features of the Audi A8.
Engines
3.0l V6 TDI engine with mono turbo-
charger
>> Max. power: 210 kW (286 hp)
>> Max. torque: 600 Nm
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Air conditioning Body
A further, new refrigerant is used in the Audi A8 (type 4N): carbon dioxide. It The body of the Audi A8 (type 4N) follows the Audi Space Frame (ASF) princi-
has the chemical formula CO2 and is also known as R744. It contains neither ple. It is assembled from aluminium parts – the classic composite of cast
fluorine nor chlorine and is produced in a series of natural processes without nodal joints, extruded profiles and sheet metal. The occupant cell is made
depleting the earth's ozone layer. from hot-formed steel components, complemented by an ultra-high-
strength, torsionally rigid rear bulkhead made from carbon-fibre composite
(CFC). A magnesium dome strut completes the lightweight construction
concept.
662_068
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Dimensions
1488 (1473)
1049
1644 1633
1945 2130
662_073 662_074
995
1 1)
105
697
989 3128 1185
5302
983
104
697
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15812)
15023)
15532)
14623)
1159
840
662_076
1)
Maximum headroom
2)
Elbow room width
3)
Shoulder room width
4)
Optional
The values given in brackets apply to standard wheelbase models.
All dimensions are given in millimetres and refer to the unladen weight of the vehicle.
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Body
Introduction
The new Audi A8 (type 4N) is based on an advanced ASF body A rear bulkhead made of carbon fibre saves around 50% compared
structure which, for the first time, is composed of different materi- with its predecessor and helps to make the body rigid and strong in
als. With a mix of aluminium, steel, magnesium and carbon fibre spite of the lightweight design. The intelligent material mix is
reinforced polymer (CFRP), the load-bearing structure combines completed by a dome strut which is 28% lighter and made of
four different lightweight materials. However, the largest propor- magnesium A comparison with the topic of torsional rigidity shows
tion (58%) is represented by aluminium components which, as cast that the value has been improved by up to 24% compared with the
nodal plates, extruded sections and sheet metal panels, are the predecessor.
characterisic elements of an ASF construction system.
Key:
Sheet aluminium
Die-cast aluminium
Aluminium section
Magnesium
High-strength steel
Soft steel
Note
The depicted image shows an Audi A8 with a standard wheelbase. The body of the long-wheelbase version (A8 L) is 130 mm
longer in the vicinity of the B post and heel board.
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Connection system
>> Resistance spot welds on steel (1802 pcs.) >> Semi-tubular punch rivets (2583 pcs.)
>> Resistance spot welds on aluminium (20 pics.) >> Pop rivets (74 pcs.)
>> MAG welds (total seam length: approx. 970 mm) >> Flow drill screws (931 pcs.)
>> Laser welds on aluminium (total seam length: >> Clinch connections (82 pcs.)
approx. 4755 mm) >> Seaming (total seam length: approx. 15243 mm)
>> MIG welds (total seam length: approx. 5552 mm) >> Bonding (total seam length: approx. 112014 mm)
>> Friction element welds (242 pcs.)
662_192
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Safety cell
The occupant cell, also called the safety cell, is made of aluminium produced with different thicknesses using tailored technologies
and conventional hot-formed steel. The occupant cell comprises and are also partially tempered if necessary. This reduces the
the lower area of the end wall, the side sills, the B posts and the weight and increases the strength especially in extremely safety-
front area of the roof arch. Some of these sheet metal blanks are critical areas.
662_193
B post
The B posts are adapted specially to the areas of body rigidity and Partial tempering: The individual zones of the B post are cooled in
crash requirements, and are produced using tailor rolled blank the mould at different rates during hot working, giving them
technology. These are flexibly rolled blanks, where variations in different strength characteristics. In a side-on impact the bottom
sheet-metal thickness are produced by controlled opening and section of the B post deforms in order to absorb energy. On the
closing of the gap between the rollers. These variations in sheet- other hand, less deformation takes place in the upper section of
metal thickness not only save weight, but also create defined the B post (at head height).
crumple zones which provide protection in the event side-on
impact. The sheet metal thicknesses vary between 1.5 mm and
2.0 mm.
Ultra-high-strength
High-strength
662_194 662_195
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Roll hemming
In the new Audi A8 (type 4N) roll hemming is used all around for Roll hemming is complemented by grip punch riveting, which fixes
the entire front and rear door sills. Passengers can therefore enter the side wall frame in its position, and supported by the all-round
and leave the vehicles more easily and the driver's field of vision in structural bonding. Only by developing and adapting these joining
the safety-related area of the A post can be enlarged. Improve- technologies is it possible to use the material concept in the
ments of up to 36 millimetres are therefore attained compared A8 (type 4N) and combine the aluminium side wall frame with the
with the predecessor model. hot-worked, ultra high strength sheet steel on the B post, roof arch
and sill with the narrow flanges.
Roll hemming
662_197 662_198
B post
Carbon fibre rear bulkhead
An ultra high strength, torsion-resistant rear bulkhead made of The carbon fibre rear bulkhead, which contains all fittings such as
carbon fibre is the largest component of the occupant cell in the the loudspeakers, the rear louvre, the 3-point belts and the centre
new Audi A8 (type 4N) and accounts for 33 per cent of the tor- armrest, is inserted into the body through the rear window cutout
sional rigidity of the overall vehicle. In order to fully absorb the during final assembly by means of a handling device and is con-
loads in the longitudinal or transverse direction and shear forces, nected to the body structure using two-component strength
6 to 19 fibre layers are placed on top of one another for load adhesive and rivets. The two-component strength adhesive pre-
optimisation. These individual fibre layers are composed of vents contact corrosion while a connection is created with the
50-mm-wide bands which can be positioned individually at any adjacent body components in conjunction with the manually
fibre angle and with a minimum fibre cut to create a finished layer affixed rivets.
package.
662_196
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Attachments
Fully electric door lock
Another new feature of the A8 (type 4N) is the actuation of the latch, with the result that the lock opens. The microswitch for the
door locks. A so-called e-lock is used in which the opening signal is door outer handle is located in the support arm. It moves after a
transmitted electrically from the door inner handle or door outer few millimetres pressure on the door outer handle, the door
handle to the door control unit via a microswitch. The door control control unit triggers the electric motor in the e-lock and the door
unit in turn controls an electric motor which releases the rotary can be opened with very little energy.
In order to still be able to open the doors if, for example, the
microswitch or the servo motor fails, 2 Bowden cables – 1 from the
interior door handle and 1 from the outer door handle – to the
door lock are available as before and form a mechanical connection 662_104
as a fallback level. However, in order to be able to open the door Normal exterior door operation via the microswitch.
mechanically, the interior door handle must be pulled far beyond
the normal angle. The door can only be opened using the outer
door handle after the locking cylinder or the interior door handle,
for example, was first actuated. The outer door handle can then be
pulled further than during normal actuation and with more energy.
662_105 662_106
Interior door operation via a Bowden cable Exterior door operation via a Bowden cable
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The microswitch for opening the door is located in the interior door sufficient. When the door control unit detects the switch being
handle. In this case, too, a brief pull on the interior door handle is opened, it triggers the servo motor in the door lock.
662_107
662_108
In certain situations, e.g. when a vehicle is detected within the the opening of the door to be in a position to give both visual and
danger zone by the exit warning system, the e-lock can also delay tactile warnings for a very short period of time.
Power latching
The Audi A8 (type 4N) can also again be fitted with an electric and unwinds the Bowden cable for the power latching system, but
power latching system for the doors as an optional extra. The exerts pull via an integrated linear drive and thereby moves the
drives units here are new - motors for the power latching systems rotary latch in the door lock to the end position.
V302, V303, V541 und V542, each of which no longer winds up
Note
Before disconnecing the 12 Volt battery, make sure that one door glass, for example, is open or that the ignition key is not
inside the vehicle or in the luggage compartment.
Reference
You can find further information on the electric door lock in Self Study Programme 664, "Audi A8 (type 4N) - Electrics &
electronics".
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Interior equipment
Dash panel
A new operating concept not only in the MMI, but also, for
example, when actuating the light switch or the air vents of the air
conditioning systems also produced an entirely new design lan-
guage in the interior of the Audi A8 (type 4N). Elegantly paired
with Audi's well-known quality, innovative solutions combined with
a new yet timeless design also create a completely new layout. The
upper trims for the dash panel are available as desired with wood
veneer or piano lacquer and form the wrap-around – the large arc
which runs above the door trim panels as far as the rear. This area
contains the air vents which are covered by these trims in the rest
state. When air from the automatic air conditioning system flows
directly into the interior, the shutters glide away upwards electri-
cally while the air outlets move back a few centimetres,
i.e. towards the driver and the front passenger.
662_109
Design
Situated to the right and left of the central 10.1" touchscreen and covered on the right and left by a trim strip. This modular design
around the light switch, covers with the same black panel appear- must always be considered when performing dismantling work in
ance as the display itself create an uninterupted area. The transi- the area of the dash panel. In this case please always refer to the
tion between this level and the level of the air vents is in turn instructions in the service literature.
Trim strip
Cover in
black panel design
Dash panel vent
Trim strip
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The black panel appearance of the dash panel is continued to the It is optionally available as a continuous touchscreen area inte-
centre console. The transition is made through a second, 8.6" grated in the display optics.
touchscreen with an operator control module at the bottom.
662_111
Design
Thanks to the new design of the centre consoles at the front and published here show optional equipment or special features
back, their layout has also been revised. The modular design and according to the specific country and may therefore also differ
therefore the latest repair instructions in ELSA must also be from equipment on your market.
observed during dismantling and assembly work. The illustrations
Selector mechanism
662_112
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Reference
You can find further information on the Rear Seat Remote unit in Self Study Programmes 665 "Audi A8 (type 4N) "New air
conditioning features and introduction of refrigerant R744" and 666 "Audi A8 (type 4N) Infotainment".
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Seats
The seats in the Audi A8 (type 4N) have also been redesigned from sor model, and glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) is used in the
scratch. The front seats are up to 4 kg lighter than in the predeces- rear seats.
Front seats
The front seats are available in several designs. The top version is Every backrest contains 16 small bubble-shaped air pockets,
the comfort individual contour seat. In addition to pneumatic seat 3 above each other. They massage the entire back. For this
and backrest bolster adjustment, it also features as an option purpose, there is a choice of 7 programmes and 3 levels of inten-
heating and ventilation, each separately controllable in 3 stages. sity. A small compressor for each seat delivers up to 0.5 bar pres-
The optional massage functions has also been extended. sure.
662_115
Valve block 2
in driver seat Massage mat
N476
Seat bolster
adjustment
662_116
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Rear seat
With the rear 3-seat system, the outer seats can be heated as an available here with 18 triple air pockets per seat. The individual
option. The longitudinal position and the seat and backrest angle seat system in the Audi A8 L also features the same adjustment
can also be adjusted electrically. The lumbar support can then be options as those in the rear 3-seat system.
adjusted pneumatically. If desired, a massage function is also
Reclining seat
The first-class solution in the Audi A8 (type 4N) is the rear right on the soft comfort head restraints in the new Kokon leather
reclining seat. Its user can move it to a reclined position and place version whose height here can be adjusted electrically. The reclin-
his/her feet on an electrically folding area on the backrest of the ing seat package features the comfort individual contour seats
special passenger seat. If required, the feet are warmed and with ventilation and massage, the long centre console with a
massaged there in several stages. 3 intensities, 2 programmes and double folding table, the Rear Seat Remote operating unit, rear
3 foot sizes are available for this purpose. The entire foot reflex seat entainment and four-zone deluxe automatic air conditioning.
zones are also stimulated. The rear passengers can lean their head
662_117
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Roof variants
Standard wheelbase
Depending on body type, there are 2 optional versions of the hoses will prevent ice from forming on the roof during low tem-
panoramic glass sunroof. The A8 with a standard wheelbase has a peratures, which in turn could produce noise.
single-piece glass roof with 2 drain hoses at the rear. These drain
662_118
Long wheelbase
The Audi A8 L (type 4N) with a long wheelbease is fitted with a via the front windscreen and rear window, no drain hoses are fitted
two-piece glass roof. The front glass panel is movable while the here. In both versions a glass cover is securely mounted in front of
rear glass panel is fixed. Since drainage in this version is possible the moveable panel.
662_119
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Engines
Features Specifications
Reference
For further information about the utilised engines, please refer to Self Study Programme 655 "Audi 3.0l V6 TFSI engine of
EA839 series" and Self Study Programme 656 "3.0l TDI engine of EA897evo2 series"
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Engine/gearbox combinations
Use of the engine-gearbox combinations shown here is market-specific.
Engines 3.0l TFSI engine (CZSE) 250 kW 3.0l TDI engine (DDVC) 210 kW
8-speed automatic
gearbox 0D5
AL552-8Q
Automatic Longitudinal mounting Development number (indicating Number of gears Drive system (all-wheel
planetary gear set torque capacity, generation and drive with integrated
position of front final drive) transfer case/centre dif-
ferential)
rear Longitudinal Crown wheel diameter in mm S = Standard 1st generation Manufacturer code:
mounting (unlocked differential) 2nd generation M = Magna powertrain
T = Torque Vectoring 3rd generation Z = ZF Friedrichshafen AG
(sport differential)
1)
Production number GH1: Real axle differential basis (unlocked differential)
2)
Production number GH2: Rear axle differential torque vectoring
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Fuel tank
The fuel tank is made of plastic and is fitted in filling levels with An immersion tube with different lengths is installed in the TDI
72 litres and optionally with 82 litres. The interior workings are tank. A rollover valve is fitted at the bottom of the TDI/TFSI tank.
the only difference between the TFSI and TDI design. A rollover The end of the valve line is found at the top in the liquid trap and
valve with a pressure retaining valve is fitted in the TFSI tank and a also on the immersion tube.
refuelling shut-off valve is fitted in the liquid trap.
Filler neck
Vent line
662_058
662_064
Non-return flap
Baffle
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Liquid trap with TDI with a long
long refuelling immersion tube
shut-off valve in for 72 litres
TFSI, 72 litres
Immersion tube
Liquid trap with TDI with a short
short refuelling immersion tube
shut-off valve in for 82 litres
TFSI, 82 litres
662_059
Vent line
Baffle
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Equalisation chamber
Equalisation chamber
Vent line
Reducing agent quality sensor
Filling line
In order to monitor the quality of the reducing agent (AdBlue®), a
reducing agent quality sensor G849 is fitted in the reducing agent
tank. It is located adjacent to the swirl pot on the bottom of the
reducing agent tank.
Non-return flap
Swirl pot
662_049
Reference
For further information about the SCR system, refer to Self Study Programme 632 "Audi Q7 (type 4M)".
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Swirl pot
The reducing agent sensor is an entirely electronic component and The resonance frequency is determined by a microcontroler by
does not require float contact points. An antenna (coil) and the coupling a high frequency signal into the medium and scanning the
reducing agent (capacitive fluid) form an electrical resonant circuit. upper frequency range. The microcontroller is located at the base
A change in the fluid level alters the impedance of the circuit and of the fluid level sensor. It computes the reducing agent level
shifts the resonance frequency (5 MHz – 12 MHz) proportional to using a temperature correction function. At the same time, the
the fluid level. functioning of the tank heater is checked by determining the
temperature.
662_102
Non-return flap
662_090
Baffles
662_048
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The module is flanged-mounted directly to the exhaust turbocharger, which NOx accumulator catalyst
houses the main and secondary catalytic converters. Both catalytic convert-
ers are ceramic-type catalytic converters.
EGR cooler
Low-pressure exhaust
gas recirculation
Flexible pipe
Centre silencer
based on the
absorption principle,
Note
The exhaust flap is actuated by the exhaust flap control unit via a worm gear. Given that this is a "self-locking" gear, it is
essential that the servomotor be removed before testing the ease of movement of the flap.
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SCR-coated diesel
particulate filter
Flexible pipe
Particulate sensor
NOx sensor
Centre silencer
based on the
absorption principle
Exhaust flap control unit
J883
662_096
Rear silencer
based on the reflection and
absorption principle
Reference
For further information about low pressure exhaust gas recirculation, please refer to Self Study Programme SSP 656
"3.0l TDI engine - EA897evo2 series“.
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The Audi A8 (type 4N) with a 3.0l V6 TDI engine has a five-point This system provides enhanced ride comfort by performing the
power unit mounting system. This includes the active engine following functions:
mounting, two switchable gearbox mountings and a conventional >> Reduction of vibration across a wide frequency band
gearbox mounting. In addition, support mounting are located on >> Positioning of the power unit in the vehicle
the front left and right of the engine due to the absence of a >> Reaction against drive torque
torque reaction member. >> Damping of power unit vibration
Power unit mounting actuator 2 Gearbox mounting valve 1 Conventional gearbox mounting system
N514 N262
662_127
Tie rod
The power unit mounting control unit J931 sends the calculated
control signal to power unit mounting actuators N513 and N514.
Counter-vibration is produced by the active engine mountings.
Reference
For more information about the design and working principle of the active engine/gearbox mounting, refer to Self-Study
Programme 607 "Audi 4.0l V8 TFSI engine with biturbo charging".
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The 5-point engine/gearbox mountings are also installed in the ings. They switch between soft during idling and hard during
3.0 TFSI engine. The only difference is that hydraulically switchable vehicle operation.
engine mountings are installed instead of active engine mount-
Electro/hydraulic engine mounting Gearbox mounting valve 1 Conventional gearbox mounting system
solenoid valve right N262
N145
662_086
The hydraulically switchable gearbox mounts, gearbox mounting The conventional gearbox mount is installed in the rear section of
valve 1 N262 and gearbox mounting valve 2 N263 are laterally the gearbox and counteracts the load reversal and tilt functions.
mounted to the gearbox and counteract the torsional vibration of
the power unit. They switch between soft during idling and hard
during vehicle operation.
662_229 662_230
Gearbox mounting valve 2
N263
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Power transmission
Overview
This field explains the technology for the optional market launch The selector mechanism transmits the driver's operating require-
configurations with the 3.0l TFSI (CZSE) or 3.0l TDI (DDVC) ments by means of 100% shift-by-wire technology. It is identical in
engines together with the 8-speed automatic gearbox 0D5. design to the selector mechanism of the Audi Q7 (type 4M). Refer
The 8-speed automatic gearbox and the accompanying drive to Self Study Programme 632. A new design feature in the Audi A8
concept are already in use on the Audi Q7 (type 4M). Refer to Self (type 4N) is the selector mechanism. Refer to page 32 for more
Study Programme 632. information.
The gearbox has now been adapted to the Audi A8 (type 4N) and
further enhanced. Refer to page 34 for more information. The parking lock emergency release mechanism is the same as in
the Audi Q7 (type 4M) and has been adapted for the Audi A8. Refer
to page 33 for more information.
Coolant flow
The internal combustion engine and the gearbox in the Audi A8 (type 4N) Parking lock emergency release
are supported by a 5-point mounting system. Refer to page 28.
The gearbox actuators, gearbox mounting valve 1 N262 and gearbox
mounting valve 2 N263 are activated by the engine control unit J623.
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As known since the Audi Q7 (type 4M), the different axle drives are The radial rubber metal bearings, except the additional bearing,
mounted to the subframe by means of a 4-point mounting system. must be mounted in a specified installation position according to
Refer to Self Study Programme 632. the workshop manual.
Sport differential
New: For the first time, the driver can now see the distribution of
the drive torque to the individual wheels in the MMI graphic Vehicle · quattro
display in the Audi A8 (type 4N). The menu items "Vehicle" > "Show
vehicle" > "quattro" must be selected in the MMI menu for this
purpose. The arrows shown on the wheels show the distribution of
drive torque.
662_227
Prop shaft
Rubber-metal bearing
Additional bearing
Rubber-metal bearing
662_130
1)
he differential lock control unit J187 can be
T
addressed with the diagnostic tester via address
code 0032.
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Selector lever release button Selector lever P button – parking lock button E816
E681 with parking lock warning light
K320
662_132
Selector lever E313 – contains the Plug-in connection between Plug-in connection
selector lever sensors control unit selector lever and vehicle to selector lever position display
J5871)
1)
he selector lever sensors control unit J587 communicates with the dash panel insert CAN bus. The data bus diagnostic interface J533
T
(gateway) and the FlexRay data bus system are used for communicating with the gearbox control unit. Refer to SSP 664 Data bus topol-
ogy and page 40.
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Emergency-releasing the parking lock (P-OFF position) Locking the parking lock (P-ON position)
>> Remove cover. Pull the socket wrench upwards out of the actuating mechanism,
>> Insert the socket wrench into the actuating mechanism, posi- position 4.
tion 1.
>> Turn the socket wrench 140° in a clockwise direction, position 2, Note:
and press down simultaneously, position 3. The ignition key must be turned back. This will damage the emer-
gency release mechanism.
When the parking lock emergency release device is >> Fit the cover.
actuated, the yellow gearbox warning lamp and the
drive position indicator N light up in the instrument
cluster. The following warming also appears: "Vehicle
may roll away! P cannot be selected. Please apply
parking brake." 3
2
Cover Socket wrench
approx. 140°
662_135
Actuating mechanism
662_134
4
662_136
Reference
For more information about the parking lock emergency release mechanism in the Audi A8 (type 4N), refer to Self Study
Programme 632 "Audi Q7 (type 4M)", page 48 ff.
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The gearbox set-up can be adjusted via Audi drive select. Refer to
page 41.
1)
I f the double shaft seal between the planetary gearbox/transfer box is leaky, either ATF or MTF will be discharge from the leak oil drain-
age port. Refer to Fig. 662 139, page 36. This oil seal has been replaced in all 8-speed automatic gearboxes manufactured since
April 2017. Refer to the workshop manual.
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Double shaft seal, transfer box/ Inspection and filler screw for
front axle drive front axle drive
ATF filler and Leak oil drainage port for the double shaft seal,
inspection screw transfer box/front axle drive (visible from below,
see page 38)
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The 0D5 gearbox of the Audi A8 (type 4N) has 3 separate systems
containing different grades of oil: For a diagram of the drainage screws for all oil supplies,
refer to Fig. 662_226 on page 38.
ATF system for the planetary gearbox and the hydraulic
control unit (not subject to routine maintenance)
Oil reservoir
In gearboxes without an MTF pump, the transfer box is lubricated by the gears running in
the MTF sump (oil sump). The oil reservoir is filled with the gear splash oil and serves to
distribute the oil.
1)
TURACO is an oil additive which protects against excessive stresses in the centre
S
differential and thus helps to enhance ride comfort. Pay attention to exact assignment
of gear oils in accordance with the parts numbers in the electronics parts catalogue
(ETKA).
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Gearbox breather ATF breather Transfer box vent
Collecting chamber
The front axle drive and the ATF Ventilation port
system are ventilated via the
collecting chamber. A breather
port leads from the collecting
chamber into the converter bell.
The transfer box is ventilated via a
separate ventilation cap. When
heating or cooling the gearbox,
the pressure is equalised via the
gearbox vent. To allow pressure
equalisation to take place, the
ventilation ports must be open Leak oil drainage port for
and unobstructed. the gear set/transfer box
double shaft seal
Note
During transportation and when carrying out work on the gearbox, the axle oil and ATF may mix via the common gearbox
vent if the gearbox is tilted too far. Follow the instructions given in the Workshop Manual.
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Brake A
Mechanically driven ATF pump
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By assisting the mechanically driven ATF pump, the auxiliary If the vehicle is coasting and the internal combustion engine is
hydraulic pump V475 provides a reliable supply of ATF for the shut off, the mechanically driven ATF pump stops circulating ATF.
start-stop and coasting functions of the gearbox.
In this case, the auxiliary hydraulic pump runs at maximum output
If the auxiliary hydraulic pump is unable to circulate ATF because to ensure a full supply of ATF. This makes sure that the gearbox is
the overload cut-out has tripped or a fault has occurred, the adequately lubricated and enables the gears to be preselected
start-stop and coasting functions are no longer available. depending on the speed at which the vehicle is travelling. Refer to
page 42.
Brushless
DC motor
ATF suction filter
G-rotor pump with non-return valve
2)
The values given are intended as a guideline and are not binding. They may deviate depending on the model version. 662_143
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Mechatronic module
The mechatronic module of the 0D5 gearbox in the Audi A8 For more information about the mechatronic module E26/29, the
(type 4N) has the works designation E 26/29 at ZF-Getriebe GmbH hydraulic interfaces and the auxiliary hydraulic pump, refer to Self
and is identical to that of the 0D7 gearbox in the Audi Q7e-tron Study Programme 649.
quattro (type 4M).
The sensors, actuators and design configuration of the electrohy-
draulic parking lock of the 0D5 gearbox are identical to those of Oil bleed port for double shaft oil seal,
the mechatronic module of the 0BK gearbox. Refer to Self Study transfer box/front axle drive
Programme 457.
The auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 for gear oil V475 is now used in
place of the hydraulic impulse storage system (HIS). Filler and inspection screw for
front axle drive
Plug-in connection to
auxiliary hydraulic pump
V475
Drain screw,
ATF filler and front axle drive
inspection screw
Mechatronic module
Plug-in connection
LIN bus connector to vehicle
Note
Protect the mechatronic module against electrostatic discharge.
Please refer to the guidelines provided in Self Study Programme 284 "6-speed automatic gearbox 09E in the Audi A8 ’03
part 2", page 6, and in the Workshop Manual.
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Like in the Audi Q7 (type 4M), the ATF heat exchanger is flooded,
i.e. perfused with coolant, by a circuit switched parallel to the large
coolant circulation system of the engine. The coolant circulation
system is controlled by the ATF heat exchanger via valve N509.
Engine warm-up phase (N509 closed) Heating and cooling of the ATF (N509 open)
Valve N509 is energised, and therefore closed, during the engine If the engine has reached its operating temperatue and there is
warm-up phase. The ATF heat exchanger is not flooded with sufficient heat for every requirement, valve N509 opens. The ATF
coolant. Since the coolant does not give off any heat to the ATF, the heat exchanger is therefore flooded with warm coolant from the
engine reaches its operating temperature more quickly. large engine coolant circuit. This warms the ATF and reduces its
The thermal management system of the engine control unit viscosity, which in turn increases the efficiency of the gearbox.
decides when valve N509 is to be opened.
The criteria for opening valve N509 are the ambient temperature, The ATF is heated as long as the temperature of the engine coolant
the engine temperature, the ATF temperature, the engine speed exceeds that of the ATF. When the temperature of the ATF exceeds
and the heat demand of the Climatronic. the temperature of the engine coolant, the ATF dissipates its heat
to the coolant and is cooled.
2 1
Note
If the ATF cooler is leaking, coolant (glycol) will mix with the ATF. Even the smallest quanties of coolant in the ATF can have a
detrimental effect on clutch control. A glycol test will show up even the smallest quantities of glycol and can, therefore, be
used to rule out this cause.
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Functional diagram of the 8-speed automatic gearbox 0D5 in the Audi A8 (type 4N)
FlexRay, to J533
FlexRay, to J533
FlexRay, to J500
FlexRay, to J500
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Key:
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In this chapter you will learn how the gearbox control unit and the
sport differential respond to the various Audi drive select modes.
Gearbox setups are tailored to the customer's requirements in a
country-specific way. For this reason, only typical differences
between the various modes can be shown here. 662_156
Gearbox: Gearbox:
An E is displayed in the gear selection indicator as the selector The shift points in selector positions D and S are selected accord-
position (E1 – 8). The shift points are selected with a defined shift ing to the driver type recognition characteristics. For this purpose,
program without driver type recognition. The upshifts are executed the system evaluates the way in which the vehicle is being driven.
as early as possible and the downshifts as late as possible. In The system factors in the way in which the brake and accelerator
addition, the engine power output is reduced, whereupon the pedals are applied as well as the transverse and longitudinal
gearbox control unit reduces the clutch pressure accordingly. acceleration of the vehicle within defined periods.
This improves fuel economy and reduces CO2 emissions. Accordingly, an economical driving style leads to early upshifts and
late downshifts. A sporty driving style is made possible by late
Sport differential: upshifts and early downshifts.
The set-up for the sport differential is moderate, i.e. steering The driving phases in which the driver adopts an efficient, eco-
behaviour is not adjusted for faster response. nomical, sporty or manual driving style can be read out using the
If the vehicle is equipped with an efficiency assist system, an active diagnostic tester.
flow of information takes place via the symbols in the efficiency
assist system in order to show the driver an economic driving style. Selector position D:
The shift points are selected in a comfort-oriented way after taking
comfort mode account of the ascertained driver type.
dynamic mode If the vehicle is equipped with an efficiency assist system, the
driver does not receive any information in sport mode via the
Gearbox: symbols of the efficiency assist system.
If dynamic mode is selected, the gearbox control unit activates the
sport program (selector position S). In dynamic mode the selector Sport differential:
positon D can be selected at any time. The set-up for the sport differential is balanced. The adjustment to
If selector position D is activated before shutting off the engine, steering behaviour ensures neutral handling. The vehicle is stabi-
selector position (D) is again activated when the engine is subse- lised if an oversteer tendency is detected.
quently started 1). If the driver wants to have selector position S,
he must select this.
individual mode
Sport differential2):
The torque redistribution set-up provides for highly responsive The menu item "Driveline" encompasses the engine, the gearbox
steering with a slight tendency to to ovesteer. Only in the event of and the sport differential. The driver can select from efficient,
pronounced oversteer is the torque redistributed to stabilise the balanced and sporty options under this menu item.
vehicle on the rear axle. These following drive select modes are assigned to these options:
>> efficient equivalent to the efficiency mode of Audi Drive select
>> balanced, equivalent to the auto mode of Audi Drive select
>> sporty, equivalent to the dynamic mode of Audi Drive select
1)
he vehicle is always restarted in the combination of Audi drive
T
select mode auto and selector position D.
2)
If the vehicle detects that a trailer is being towed, the set-up of
the sport differential is set within the system to auto.
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With the auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 for gear oil V475 in the Switch-on conditions:
8-speed automatic gearbox 0D5, it is now possible, for the first >> The intelligent coasting mode must be activated via the MMI
time, to shut off the internal combustion engine under coasting to display2).
make additional fuel savings. >> ESC is active.
However, shut-off of the engine may be suppressed due to certain >> Selector position D or E must be selected.
events, such as: >> Vehicle speed between 160 and 55 kph1).
>> If a defined engine temperature has not yet been reached. >> Coasting mode (accelerator pedal not pressed)
>> If the power demand of the air conditioning system requires >> Uphill gradient < 3%1) and downhill gradient < 4%1), the gradi-
that the engine be running. ent of the road is determined by the longitudinal acceleration
>> If a corrective input by ESC requires that the engine be running. sensor of the brake electronics.
>> If an adaption routine of the engine control unit is in progress. >> Situation-based activation by efficiency assist3): If the vehicle is
>> If the diesel particulate filter regeneration cycle is in progress. equipped with a navigation system4) and the optional adaptive
If the switch-on conditions shown adjacent are met, the tractive cruise assist system, efficiency assist is, if cruise control is
connection between the engine and the gearbox is disengaged. The active, able to activate coasting mode in specific situations. The
vehicle uses the existing brake energy in coasting mode and rolls efficiency assist system utilises the route data provided by the
without an engine braking effect. Only selector position D or E is navigation system.
displayed in the gear indicator; the gears are not shown.
Depending on the speed at which the vehicle is travelling, the gears
are preselected in the background while the engine is disengaged Shut-off conditions:
from the transmission.
>> Uphill or downhill gradient > 10%1)
The following of the five gear-shift elements act as disconnecting >> Max. speed:
elements: >> > 170 kph1)
>> Gear 8: > 3000 rpm gearbox output speed: Clutch D >> < 8 kph1) (when the brake is not applied5))
>> Gear 8: < 3000 rpm gearbox output speed: Brake A >> Pressing the accelerator pedal
>> Gears 7, 6, 5, 4: Clutch D >> Applying the brake:
>> Gears 3, 2: Clutch E >> > 30 kph1) as soon as the brake light switch is activated
>> Gear 1: Clutch C >> < 30 kph1) when a preset brake pressure threshold is
exceeded
To be able to hold and preselect gears while the internal combus- >> ESC is deactivated.
tion engine is shut off, auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 for gear oil V475 >> Selector position S is selected.
is required. V475 maintains the necessary supply of ATF while the >> tiptronic mode is activated via the tiptronic gate or by selecting
internal combustion engine is shut off. Refer to page 37. Tip- with the tiptronic paddle on the steering wheel.
>> Situation-based deactivation by efficiency assist3):
Gears 4 and 7 are a special case. If the vehicle is in one of these If the vehicle is equipped with a navigation system4) and the
gears, coasting mode is activated by opening clutch D. optional adaptive cruise assist system, efficiency assist is, if
However, gears 4 and 7 are skipped when the system preselects cruise control is active, able to deactivate coasting mode in
gears, as critical speeds can occur in the gearbox if clutch D is open specific situations. This takes place regardless of the vehicle's
these gears. speed, e.g. if the vehicle is approaching a built-up area or a
roundabout. Coasting mode is also suppressed when the vehicle
This means that when coasting mode is activated in 8th gear and approaches other road users.
the vehicle is gradually decelerating, 8th gear is held until the >> No ATF circulation by auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 for gear oil
gearbox is able to shift down into 6th gear. The same applies to V475 due to overload protection function or fault.
4th gear. In this case, the gearbox holds 5th gear until it can shift
down into 3rd gear.
Note:
When the vehicle is running in coasting mode with the engine shut
off, delayed acceleration may be noticeable because the internal
combustion engine possibly has to be started and the correspond-
ing disconnecting element closed before the vehicle can accelerate.
Start-stop system
The start-stop system is activated automatically whenever the time and quick readíness for drive-away. In the Audi A8 (type 4N)
ignition is turned on. It helps to save fuel and reduce C02 emis- with MHEV equipment quick readiness for drive-away is ensured by
sions. If the requirements for start-stop operation have been met, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 for gearbox oil V475. If the auxiliary
the engine is shut off automatically when the brake is applied at a hydraulic pump is unable to circulate ATF because the overload
speed of 22 kph or less. One of these conditions is that the selector cut-out has tripped or a fault has occurred, the start-stop function
lever is not in position R. The engine is automatically restarted is deactivated and is no longer available.
when required. The requirements for this are a very short start
Reference
The shift schematic of the 0D5 gearbox is identical to that of the 0BK and 0BL gearboxes. Refer to Self Study Programme 457
"Audi A8 ’10 Power transmission", pages 28 and 44 ff. More information about the MHEV (mild hybrid electric vehicle) can be
obtained through Service TV programme "STV_0484_Audi Hybrid Technology – Overview".
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Neutral idle control is market-dependent. This helps save fuel and reduces C02 emissions. In addition, the
The neutral idle control system disengages the engine from the engine runs more smoothly and quietly at low idle torque. For this
gearbox when stopping or when the vehicle is stationary. Engine reason, the neutral idle control system is activated as often as
idle torque can be reduced to a minimum because the engine does possible (see conditions for switching on and off).
not have to counteract the converter torque.
Downhill assist
Downhill assist helps the driver to maintain a constant speed on Depending on the gradient, downhill assist is active in selector
downhill gradients. In this case the gearbox selects the gear positions D and S while the brake is applied or while cruise control
suitable for the graident in order to maintain the speed selected at is active.
the time of braking via the engine brake. Within the bounds of the
system's physical limitations it may be necessary to also correct Note:
the speed, if necessary, using the brake pedal. Downhill assist cannot overcome the physical limitations of the
Downhill assist cuts out again as soon as the gradient lessens or vehicle and therefore cannot maintain a set speed in all conditions.
the accelerator pedal is pressed. The driver must always be ready to apply the brakes!
>> After a long pull of the Tip- shift paddle (long pull-), the >> The "Tip-shifting in D/S" function, which allows gearshifts to be
gearbox changes down into the lowest possible gear. performed manually at any time, is available. For more informa-
>> After a long pull of the Tip+ shift paddle (long pull +), the tion about this function, refer to page 47 of Self Study Pro-
gearbox switches from temporary tiptronic mode to automatic gramme 632 and page 61 of Self Study Programme 644.
mode. >> The "Activation of coasting mode using Tip+" function has been
>> In the event of a malfunction of the selector mechanism, the deactivated in order to simplify the function assignments of the
positions P, R, N and D can be selected when the vehicle is tiptronic steering wheel in the Audi A8 (type 4N). However, it is
stopped and the brake is activated by simultaneously pressing still possible to exit coasting mode by pressing Tip-.
bothshift paddles (> 1 sec.).
Note: The shift paddles for the steering wheel tiptronic function are an optional (country-specific) feature of the steering wheel.
1)
The values given are intended as a guideline and are not binding. They may deviate depending on the model version.
2)
Efficiency assist can be selected together with the "Intelligent coasting" and "Predictive messages" functions in the MMI display under Car
→ Driver assist →. These functions can be activated or deactivated here. The intelligent coasting mode is also available without the naviga-
tion system. Efficiency assist decides, depending on the situation, whether coasting mode is to be activated or whether brake energy is to
be recuperated by the starter generator in overrun mode. Predictive messages can only be displayed with the aid of the navigation system.
If the "Predictive messages" function is activated, a symbol shows the driver that he must take his foot off the accelerator pedal as soon
an event occurs which requires a lower speed.
3)
Efficiency assist is an integral part of the engine management system.
4)
The navigation system is optional and is not available in some markets. If the vehicle is equipped with a navigation system, its data on the
route ahead is utilised. Refer to "Navigation-based gear selection", Self Study Programme 457 "Audi A8 ’10 Power transmission", page 58.
5)
If the brake is applied and the brake pressure is below a preset threshold, coasting mode is maintained until the vehicle comes to a stand-
still (0 kph).
6)
Neutral idle control is not activated in selector position S in order to allow more direct drive-away. Without neutral control, clutch C or D is
immediately closed when drive positions S1 and R are selected. This is why traction is noticeable on selection of 1st gear or R gear and
likewise the traction reversal when shifting from 1st gear to R gear (or vice versa). This traction reversal is barely noticeable in selector
position D, because when neutral control is active clutch C or D is open and traction cannot be established until the brake has been
released.
Reference
For more detailled information about the neutral idle control functionm in the 0D5 gearbox, refer to page 52 of Self Study
Programme 632 "Audi Q7".
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Suspension
Overview
The chassis of the Audi A8 (type 4N) has been completely rede- The brake system offers high performance reserves. A ceramic
signed. New technologies and control systems make it even more brake system wheel is optional. With the 9th generation ESC from
comfortable, sportier and safer, Robert Bosch GmbH an efficient system is available for all relevant
All the available chassis are equipped with air suspension featuring control functions.
electronic damping control As high-precision, responsive five-link A wide range of steering wheels, wheels and tyres is available for
designs, both the front and rear axles are largely made of light customisation. ACC is, for the first time, an integral part of adap-
aluminium. tive cruise control, the new driver assistance system in the Audi A8
The basic trim comes with progressive-rate steering which reduces (type 4N). Refer to Self Study Programme 668 for detailed infor-
the steering effort required of the driver. The optional dynamic mation. For detailed information about the chassis of the Audi A8
all-wheel-drive steering system, used here for the first time by (type 4N), refer to Self Study Programme 663.
Audi, combines dynamic steering and rear axle steering. The
system improves important subjective and objective driving
dynamic characteristics.
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662_175
Rear axle
The trapezoidal link rear axle in the predecessor model has been dampening material mixtures and integrated intermediate sleeves
replaced by a newly developed five-link axle. The geometrical permit high radial rigidities with low secondary spring rates.
arrangement of the links ensures good separation between longi- Thanks to the standard use of hydraulically damping axle carrier
tudinal and lateral friction force. Elastomer bearing with highly mounts, good insulation is ensured between the axle and chassis.
Friction-optimised wheel bearings help to reduce tyre resistance.
662_176
Wheel alignment
45
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Pressure
accumulator
662_177
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Steering system
Electromechanical progressive-rate steering
662_178
As a logical development of the all-wheel-drive steering system, This improves key subjective and objective dynamic steering
offered for the first time in the Audi Q7 (type 4M), a new system characteristics, such as:
- dynamic all-wheel-drive steering - is optional in the Audi A8 >> Smaller turning circle
(type 4N). A new feature is the combination of rear axle steering >> Reduced steering effort
and dynamic steering. This allows the front and rear axles to >> Much better agility, particularly at low and medium speeds
implement defined steering angles independent of the driver. >> Improved driving stability, specifically during lane-changing and
evasive manoeuvres
>> Improved response and faster vehicle reaction times
662_179
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Suspension
Front wheel brake
Brake system
Front axle
662_180
The rear axle brake calipers (17" and 18", 19" for ceramic brakes)
come equipped with the electromechanical parking brake (EPB).
662_181
9/9" tandem brake boosters are used for both left-hand-drive and
right-hand-drive models.
662_182
ESC unit
ESC unit
ESP 9 is used in the Audi A8 (type 4N). Depending on trim level,
brake pressure is built up by hydraulic pumps with 2 or 6 pistons.
In the basic trim of the vehicle, pumps with two pistons are used in
combination with a pressure sensor for measuring the pilot brake
pressure. Vehicles with ACC are equipped with the 6-piston version.
Here, two additional pressure sensors measure the pressures in
both brake circuits.
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662_184
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J387
J428
J1023 J364
A27
R161
J1089
J521
J794
J764
J104
J853 J1121
A31
J1018 J519
J623
J931
J386
Key:
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J927
R78
A7 J880 J769
J505 J187
J502
J605 J525
J926 662_129
J623 Engine control unit J931 Power unit mounting control unit
J764 Electrical steering column lock control unit J1018 Left control unit for light control
J769 Audi side assist control unit J1019 Rear axle steering control unit
J770 Audi side assist control unit 2 J1023 Right control unit for light control
J772 Rear-view camera system control unit J1088 Control unit for front left radar sensor for object detection
J775 Suspension control unit J1089 Control unit for front right radar sensor for object detec-
J792 Active steering control unit tion
J794 Information electronics control unit 1 J1121 Driver assistance systems control unit
J853 Control unit for night vision system J1122 Laser distance measurement control unit
J869 Structure-borne sound control unit
J880 Reducing agent metering system control unit R78 TV tuner
J898 Control unit for windscreen projection (head-up display) R161 DVD changer
J926 Rear driver side door control unit R242 Front camera for driver assist systems
J927 Rear pass. side door control unit
Note
Refer to the current service literature for details of control unit installation positions, as well as instructions for installation
and removal. Service literature For further information about the vehicle electrics and electronics of the Audi A8 (type 4N),
refer to Self Study Programme 664 "Audi A8 (type 4N) - Electrics and electronics".
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Air conditioning
Service connection,
low pressure side
Service connection,
high pressure side
Expansion valve
Refrigerant pressure
and temperature sensor,
low pressure side G1052
Accumulator
Internal
heat exchanger
Gas cooler
Refrigerant pressure
and temperature sensor, 662_120
high pressure side G1053
The essential difference between the new air conditioning system >> Up to 93 bar on the low pressure side
and previous air conditioning systems is the high working pres- >> The maximum system pressure on the high pressure side is
sures in the system. These are required in order to use CO2 as a 140 bar.
refrigerant.
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There is a choice of 2 different fragrances in the new Audi A8 To improve air quality, ionisers are used in the new Audi A8
(type 4N): a summer fragrance and a winter fragrance. The fra- (type 4N). Ionisers improve air quality through the controlled
grances are stored in 2 cylindrical flacons in the cabin fragrance negative charging of air particles before they are discharged into
system function unit GX43, which is located to the left of the steer- the cabin via the outer front air outlets.
ing wheel below the dash panel. A small fan the blows the fra-
grance from the flacon into the outer front air outlets. There is a
choice of various aroma intensity levels.
Surface heating
The armrests in the door trims as well as the centre armrests in the Depending on trim level, three surface heating variants are avail-
front and rear are heated surfaces. The heating function is acti- able:
vated and controlled through the seat heater. >> for the front seats only
All heated surfaces are deactivated and regulated through the seat >> for the rear seats only
heater. >> front front and rear seats
The foot heater in the footrest in the comfort individual contour The massage program offers two options allowing the soles of the
seat with reclining seat function can only be activated in the feet to be massaged either by the linear application of pressure by
unfolded position and in the rest position of the seats. massaging the reflex zones.
It can be operated through the Smart Remote Control unit and,
like the seat heater and the seat ventilation system, is adjustable
to three levels.
Back massage
An improved back massage feature is available in the new trim, the seats are equipped with double lift bladders. The optional
Audi A8 (type 4N). For this purpose, up to 16 bladders are inte- triple lift bladders are designed to provide a higher intensity back
grated in the front seat and up to 18 in the rear seat. In standard massage.
The A8 (type 4N) no longer requires the Climatronic control unit touchscreen are installed at the centre of the dash panel and at the
J255. This means there is no need for a separate AC control unit. centre of the centre console respectively. The AC functions in the
The AC is operated via 2 touchscreens. upper MMI display can be accessed through the Car menu. Various
In terms of visual appearance and tactile feel, both displays are the control panels are available in the rear area, depending on trim
key innovation in terms user operation. The MMI display and the level.
Reference
For further information about the air conditioning system, refer to Self Study Programme 665 "Audi A8 (type 4N) New air
conditioning features and introduction of refrigerant R744“.
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On the following pages you will find a summary of the occupant Passenger side knee airbag
protection system in the Audi A8 (type 4N). Front pass. airbag
Driver airbag
>> Airbag control unit >> Front inertia-reel seat belts with pyrotechnic belt tensioners
>> Adaptive driver airbag >> Front inertia-reel seat belts with electric seat belt tensioners
>> Adaptive front passenger airbag + >> Front inertia-reel seat belts with active belt force limiters
(front passenger airbag, two-stage country version) >> Inertia-reel seat belts for 2nd seat row with pyrotechnic belt
>> Front side airbags tensioners for driver and front passenger sides
>> Side airbags, 2nd seat row >> Inertia-reel seat belts for 2nd seat row with pyrotechnic belt
>> Head airbags tensioners for driver and front passenger sides (equipment
>> Knee airbag (country version) version)
>> Front interaction airbag (equipment version) >> Lap belt tensioner for 2nd seat row for driver and front passenger
>> Interaction airbag, 2nd seat row (equipment version) sides (equipment version)
>> Active front head restraint (equipment version) >> Seat belt warning for all seats (country version)
>> Front airbag crash sensors >> Seat occupancy sensor in front passenger seat
>> Crash sensors for side impact detection in the doors >> Front pass. airbag disabling switch (country version)
>> Crash sensors for side impact detection in the C posts >> Front passenger airbag OFF and ON warning lamp
>> Crash sensor for side and longitudinal impact detection >> Driver and front passenger seat position sensors
>> Centre crash sensor for pedestrian impact mitigation system >> Trigger for pedestrian impact mitigation system (country version)
(acceleration sensor, country version) >> Battery isolator, 12-volt electrical system
>> Left and right crash sensors for pedestrian impact mitigation >> Battery isolator, 48-volt electrical subsystem
system (pressure sensors, country version) >> Battery isolator of high-voltage system
>> Left and right crash sensors for pedestrian impact mitigation
system (acceleration sensors, country version)
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Note
The diagrams in the chapter "Passive occupant safety" are schematic diagrams designed to aid understanding.
55
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System overview
The system overview shows the components for all markets. Keep in mind that this constellation is not possible in a production model.
662_013
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Additional equipment
E24 Driver side seat belt switch J1098 Rear right seat belt tensioner control unit
E25 Front pass. side seat belt switch
E224 Airbag disabling switch, front pass. side K19 Seat belt reminder warning lamp
K75 Airbag warning lamp
F390 Driver side seat belt switch, 2nd seat row K145 Front pass. airbag OFF warning lamp (ON and OFF status of
F391 Centre belt switch, 2nd seat row front pass. airbag is indicated)
F392 Front pass. side seat belt switch, 2nd seat row
N95 Driver side airbag igniter
G128 Front pass. side seat occupancy sensor N131 Front pass. side airbag igniter 1
G179 Side airbag crash sensor, driver side N132 Front pass. side airbag igniter 2
G180 Side airbag crash sensor, pass. side N153 Seat belt tensioner igniter 1, driver side
G256 Rear side airbag crash sensor, driver side N154 Seat belt tensioner igniter 1, pass. side
G257 Rear side airbag crash sensor, pass. side N196 Rear seat belt tensioner igniter, driver side
G283 Front airbag crash sensor, driver side N197 Rear seat belt tensioner igniter, pass. side
G284 Front airbag crash sensor, pass. side N199 Side airbag igniter, driver side
G551 Belt force limiter, driver side N200 Side airbag igniter, pass. side
G552 Belt force limiter, pass. side N201 Rear side airbag igniter, driver side
G553 Seat position sensor, driver side N202 Rear side airbag igniter, pass. side
G554 Seat position sensor, pass. side N251 Head airbag igniter, driver side
G570 Driver side crash sensor for pedestrian protection N252 Head airbag igniter, pass. side
G571 Pass. side crash sensor for pedestrian protection N253 Battery isolation igniter
G598 Pedestrian protection system trigger 1 N295 Driver side knee airbag igniter
G599 Pedestrian protection system trigger 2 N296 Pass. side knee airbag igniter
G693 Centre crash sensor 1 for pedestrian protection system N419 Driver side active head restraint igniter
G851 Driver side crash sensor 2 for pedestrian protection system N420 Pass. side active head restraint igniter
G852 Front pass. side crash sensor 2 for pedestrian protection N490 Driver airbag relief valve igniter
system N491 Front pass. airbag relief valve igniter
G858 Centre crash sensor for X/Y axis N563 High-voltage battery isolator igniter
N737 Igniter for interaction airbag for occupant collision protec-
J234 Airbag control unit tion, driver side
J285 Control unit in dash panel insert N738 Igniter for interaction airbag for occupant collision protec-
J519 Electrical system control unit tion, driver side, 2nd seat row
J528 Roof electronics control unit N749 Seat belt tensioner igniter 2, rear driver side
J533 Data bus diagnostic interface (gateway) N750 Seat belt tensioner igniter 2, rear pass. side
J706 Seat occupancy recognition control unit N751 48 volt battery isolator igniter
J854 Front left seat belt tensioner control unit
J855 Front right seat belt tensioner control unit T16 16 pin connector, diagnostic port
J1097 Rear left seat belt tensioner control unit
Wire colours:
Connection for the front passenger side seat occupancy sensor G128
The connection for the front passenger side seat occupancy sensor
G128 varies depending on market version.
The front passenger side seat occupancy sensor G128 is connected The front passenger side seat occupancy sensor G128 is connected
by a discrete line to the seat occupancy recognition control unit directly to the airbag control J234 by a discrete line. A seat occu-
J706, which communicates with the airbag control J234 via a LIN pancy recognition control unit J706 is not installed.
bus.
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Like in the Audi Q7, the control unit communicates via the FlexRay
data bus. Due to the increased volume of data in comparison with
the Audi Q7, the airbag control unit now communicates with the
FlexRay data bus via 2 data lines (channels). These data lines are
designated channel "A" and channel "B".
662_055
System overview
Channel A Channel B
J104 J1089
J234 J769
J706 J770
J854 J428
J855 J1122
J1098 J623
FlexRay
J500 J217
LIN bus
J527 J187
Sub-bus system 662_056
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Sensors
Like in the Audi Q7 and in the B platform, the driving dynamics ent to those which can occur when a vehicle loses grip
control sensors are integrated in the airbag control unit. The (e.g. oversteer, understeer). If the vehicle is equipped with
driving dynamics control sensors measure acceleration in the X and dynamic all-wheel-drive steering or quattro with sport differential,
Y directions as well as the yaw rate about the Z axis. The driving the driving dynamics control sensors are duplicated in the
dynamics control sensors work in a lower acceleration and decel- airbag control unit J234. The duplication of the sensors provides
eration range than the crash sensors. This acceleration and decel- sensor signal redundancy (multiple signals).
eration levels which can occur during a collision are clearly differ-
The centre crash sensor for X/Y axis G858 is an acceleration sensor.
A combination sensor, the centre crash sensor for X/Y axis, meas-
ures both vehicle acceleration and deceleration in the Y and Y
directions.
The centre crash sensor for X/Y axis is used to validate the plausi-
bility of defined accident events in the longitudinal (X) and trans-
verse directions (Y).
662_066
Crash signal
The airbag control unit J234 registers vehicle collisions based on A severe accident event exists if restraint systems, such as seat belt
the information supplied by internal and external crash sensors. tensioners and airbags, are deployed. The airbag control unit
Depending on the severity of the accident event, the collisions are indicates the accident severity and collision levels to the data bus.
classified as "minor" or "severe" by the airbag control unit. An Other bus users receive this crash signal and can then take the
accident event classified as minor is again subdivided into several appropriate action, e.g. shut off fuel supply.
different accident severities.
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General
If the airbag control unit J234 has detected a relevant crash, the instructs the battery isolation igniter to disconnect the 48-volt
48-volt battery is deactivated for safety reasons. In the event of an battery. Contrary to what the name might suggest, the battery
accident, the airbag control unit sends to a collision signal to the isolator igniter does not have a pyrotechnic charge. The igniter in
data bus. The gateway (data bus diagnostic interface J533) relays question is a relay. The igniter is an integral part of the 48-volt
this information to the 48 V battery control unit A6 via the hybrid battery and cannot be replaced separately.
CAN bus. This control unit is located inside the housing of the
48-volt battery. The 48-volt battery isolation igniter N751 is
mounted on the control unit PCB. The 48 V battery control unit A6
As described under "General", the airbag control unit sends a crash Battery isolation igniter N751
signal to the data bus in the event of a minor accident. The battery on the PCB of the 48 V battery control unit A6
isolator igniter receives this message and disconnects the 48-volt
battery. A 48-volt battery disconnected by a minor accident can be
reactivated by a terminal 15 switch-over.
>> Pathway 2: The airbag control unit J234 is also wired discretely
to the 48 V battery control unit A6. In the event of a severe 662_067
accident, the airbag control unit energises the battery control
unit via the discrete wires by applying a current of about 1.75 to
2 A and instructs the battery isolation igniter to disconnect the
48-volt battery. If a 48-volt battery is disconnected by a severa
accident, it can be reactivated with a diagnostic tester and in
the Guided Fault Finding function.
Note
The 48-volt battery is not disconnected in the event of a rollover.
Reference
For further information about the airbag control unit, the dynamic all-wheel-drive steering and the quattro with sport
differential, refer to the following self study programmes:
>> Dynamic all-wheel-drive steering: Self Study Programm 663 "Audi A8 (type 4N) - Suspension".
>> quattro with sport differential: Self Study Programm 651 "Audi SQ7 (type 4M)".
>> Further information about the airbag control unit: Self Study Programme 637 "Audi Q7 (type 4M) Occupant protection
and infotainment".
>> Further information about the 48-volt electrical system: Self Study Programm 664 "Audi A8 (type 4N) - Suspension".
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The Audi A8 (type 4N) comes equipped with an Event Data The recorded data is written to a ring memory. This ring memory
Recorder (EDR). This system is installed worldwide except in continuously records the last 5 s of vehicle data while driving. Data
models for the Korean market. which is older than 5 s is either actively cleared again or overwrit-
The EDR is integrated in the airbag control unit J234 as a software ten by new data. If the airbag control unit detects an accident, the
module. The task of the EDR is to record relevant vehicle data over data recorded approximately 5 s before and
a period of a few seconds in the event of minor accidents or severe approximately 300 ms after the accident is transferred to
accidents and/or near-accident events. The airbag control unit non-erasable read-only memory. This memory has the capacity to
groups minor accidents or severe accidents and/or near-accident record up to 6 accident events. 6 blocks are available in the read-
events into 2 basic categories. only memory module for this purpose.
When the control unit detects severe or minor accidents or near-
Category 1: A minor accident has occurred if the airbag control unit accident events, the relevant data is successively written to one of
has detected an accident in which no pyrotechnic components have the 6 blocks of the read-only memory. This means that each data
deployed. packet related to an accident or a near-accident event can be
A near-accident event is a critical driving situation involving correc- assigned clearly to a block of the memory. A special feature of this
tive inputs by Audi pre sense and in which no actual accident system is that a block can be used by data related to a minor
occurs. accident or a near-accident event, but can be overwritten in the
Note: The airbag control unit will normally classify a minor parking event of a severe accident. In this case, the oldest minor accident
collision as a minor accident as such an accident has a low severity or near-accident event is overwritten. At least 2 of the 6 blocks
level. must still be usable. If this is no longer the case, the airbag control
Category 2: A severe accident is a situation in which pyrotechnic unit J234 must be replaced. As minor accidents and near-accident
components of the restraint systems, e.g. airbags, deploy. events can be overwritten, they do not necessitate replacing the
airbag control unit.
Examples
1. A
vehicle has been involved in 6 minor accidents and/or near-
L1 S1
accident events. Each of these situations has been recorded in a
block. Now a severe accident occurs. The airbag control unit can
L2 L2
still be used in this case because the severe accident overwrites
the oldest minor accident or near-accident event. The control
L3 L3
unit therefore meets the condition that at least 2 of the 6 blocks
still have to be usable. Note here that minor accidents and
L4 L4
near-accident events can be overwitten by severe accidents.
L5 L5
L6 L6
662_021
2. A
vehicle has been involved in 4 severe accidents. Each of these
S1 S1
accidents has been recorded in a block. Now a minor accident or
near-accident event occurs. The minor accident or near-accident
S2 S2
event is recorded in a separate block. The airbag control unit can
still be used because a free block is still available and the block
S3 S3
in which the minor accident or near-accident event is recorded
can be overwritten by a severe accident. Even if 4 severe acci-
S4 S4
dents and 2 minor accidents or near-accident events have been
stored in the 6 blocks, the 2 blocks in which the minor accidents
Free L1
or near-accident events are recorded can be overwritten. The block
control unit therefore meets the condition that at least 2 of the
Free Free
6 blocks still have to be usable and can still be used. block block
662_022
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Free S5
block
Free Free
block block
Airbag control unit faulty
662_023
Key:
Data recording
As mentioned previously, various units of vehicle data are recorded. Data is still recorded after the accident. This data includes:
Personal data is not recorded. Generally, data is recorded up to 5 s >> Type of accident, e.g. head-on collision/rear-end collision/
before an accident and 300 ms after an accident. rollover
This data includes: >> Number of accidents recorded
>> Vehicle speed >> Whether the accident event recording is complete
>> Engine speed
>> Steering angle The data can be used to analyse accident situations and obtain
>> Seat belt status (fastened/not fastened) well-founded insights.
Note
Pyrotechnic charges are also ignited in the event of a rollover. For this reason, a rollover also counts as a severe accident.
In this generation of control units 4 severe accidents can occur on one side of the vehicle, e.g. 4 head-on collisions, without
the control unit having to be replaced.
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Introduction
The Audi A8 (type 4N) is, except for models for the Korean market, transferred to a read-only memory. As with the EDR, the ASM has a
equipped worldwide with an assistance system monitor. read-only memory consisting of 6 blocks. In this case, too, the
The ASM is integrated in the airbag control unit J234 as a software relevant data is successively written to the blocks after an accident
module. The task of the ASM is to record the data from the driver or a near-accident event. Generally, a distinction is made between
assistance systems installed in the vehicle over a period of about static and dynamic data, both of which are recorded. Static data
10 s before an accident or a near-accident event. The data is indicates whether a driver assistance system is on or off, while
written to a ring memory. This ring memory continuously records dynamic data indicates whether the ESC (Electronic Stability
the last 10 s of vehicle data while driving. Data which is older than Control) has made corrective inputs or not. The ASM is able to
10 s is either actively cleared again or overwritten by new data. If record data from the driver assistance systems, e.g. adaptive cruise
the airbag control unit detects an accident or a near-accident assist, ESC (Electronic Stability Control), Audi pre sense and others.
event, the last approx. 10 s of vehicle data before the accident is
Diagnostics
Note
Both the Audi A3 and the Audi Q2 models are, since week 22/2017, now also equipped worldwide with EDR and ASM.
However, there are 2 exceptions:
1. Models for the Korean market
2. Audi A3 models equipped with version "VW20" of the airbag control unit J234, e.g. vehicles for the Chinese market.
Reference
For further information about the EDR and ASM, refer to the owner's manual.
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Introduction
Both front seats of the Audi A8 (type 4N) are equipped with active restraint igniter N420". In the event of a rear-end collision which
head restraints in combination with PR no. 6C4. The head meets the deployment criteria, the active head restraints are
restraints on the driver side have the designation "driver side active ignited. After the igniters deploy, the head restraints move
head restraint igniter N419" and the head restraints on the pas- approx. 55 mm forwards and approx. 10 mm upwards.
senger side have the designation "passenger side active head
6 5
662_018
7 4 2 3
11 12
10
8 662_015
Installation location
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Function
Head restraint has deployed
Basic position of the head restraint
On the opposite side of the thrust bearing (6) there are jaws which
apply pressure continuously to the pin (4) through a spring
sheet (5).
The pin (4) holds the jaws open and the thrust bearings (6), due to
their geometry, wrap around the locking pin (7) and lock the head
restraint (8) in its starting position.
662_016
The igniter for the active head restraint (1) activates the pyrotech-
nics. The combustion of the propellant charge produces a high
pressure, which escapes into the pressure chamber (3) through
bores (2). The resultant overpressure in the pressure chamber
pushes the pin (4) shown in the illustration to the right. The spring
sheet now pushes the jaws together as the pin (4) is no longer in
position (displaced). The resulting rotational movement causes the
thrust bearings (6) to open and release the locking pin (7), which is
securely connected to the head restraint (7).
The pretensioning of the coil spring (9) displaces the head restraint
along the carriage guide (10) towards the occupant's head. A
locking device (11) prevents the head restraint from being pushed
back again.
662_017
The active head restraints are reversible. This means that a until it locks again in the starting position.
deployed active head restraint can be reactivated. For this purpose, The active head restraint igniter can no longer be used after it
the release lever (12) must be operated. deploys and must be replaced.
The lock is cancelled, and the head restraint must be pushed back
Diagnostics
The active head restraints are pyrotechnic components. The safety tered as event memory entries by the airbag control unit J234. The
instructions are the same as for other pyrotechnic components. event memory entries can be cleared using the Guided Fault
The airbag control unit J234 continuously monitors the active head Finding.
restraints for proper functioning. Faults in the system are regis-
Reference
Information on resetting the active head restraint can be found in the Workshop Manual.
For information on removal and installation of the driver side active head restraint igniter N419 and the passenger side
active head restraint igniter N420, refer to the Workshop Manual and the Guided Fault Finding.
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ON warning lamp
Signal transfer
662_019
Front passenger airbag OFF warning lamp
K145
Key:
Note
This concerns all vehicles which are based on the modular longitudinal platform and which use the FlexRay data bus to
communicate with the airbag control unit J234.
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Interaction airbag
Introduction
The Audi A8 (type 4N) is optionally available with front and rear side-on collision and can prevent vehicle occupants sitting side by
interaction airbags. The interaction airbags deploy in the event of a side from colliding with one another.
662_024
Design
The interaction airbags are pyrotechnic hybrid gas generators. The fabric and through the seams of the airbag. This means that the
"standard" side airbags are generally solid propellant generators. interaction airbag has a much longer useful life than a side airbag.
Each interaction airbag is housed in a so-called "hard cover". This is necessary because it has to protect the occupants over a
The internal pressure of the inflated interaction airbags is much longer period of time. The interaction airbags are activated in all
higher than that of side airbags. Unlike "standard" side or front severe side-on impacts in which the side airbags also deploy.
airbags, interaction airbags do not have an outlet orifice. There-
fore, the excess pressure in the airbag escapes only through the
Diagnostics
The interaction airbags are pyrotechnic components. The safety interaction airbags for proper functioning. Faults in the system are
instructions are the same as for other pyrotechnic components. registered as event memory entries by the airbag control unit
After ignition, the interaction airbags are unusable and have to be J234. These faults can be cleared using the "Guided Fault Finding".
replaced. The airbag control unit J234 continuously monitors the
Reference
For information on installation and removal of the interaction airbags, please refer to the Workshop Manual and the Guided
Fault Finding.
For further information on the hybrid gas generators and solid propellant generators, refer to Self Study Programme 605
"Audi occupant protection – Passive systems II Audi pre sense".
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The front interaction airbag - igniter for interaction airbag for occu-
pant collision protection, driver side N737 - can be ordered with PR
no. 6C4. It is integrated in the driver seat backrest. The pressure in
the interaction airbag is, in principle, discharged at the same
backrest cover seam as the side airbag, but inversely on the other
side of the backrest. The interaction airbag is a head-thorax airbag,
similar to the side airbags used in convertibles. It can therefore
protect both the body and the head of the occupants.
662_025
The rear interaction airbag - igniter for interaction airbag for must not be removed. No objects may be placed on the cover.
occupant collision protection, passenge side N738 - can be ordered Otherwise, objects can fly around inside the occupant cell in an
with PR no. 6C5. If the rear interaction airbag module is installed, uncontrolled way when the interaction airbag deploys. In addition,
the vehicle must be equipped with electrically adjustable individual the interaction airbag may not be able to inflate properly due to
seats. It is installed in the centre of the parcel shelf between the these objects. After the rear interaction airbag is installed, the
two rear occupants. The interaction airbag has a cover facing the cover is aligned with the parcel shelf and attached to the parcel
parcel shelf. The cover forms a unit with the interaction airbag and shelf with clips.
Airbag module
662_131
662_026
Note:
No objects may be placed on and above the rear interaction airbag cover.
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The front automatic belt retractors are equipped as standard with When Audi pre sense basic detects specific driving situations,
pyrotechnic belt tensioners, with reversible belt tensioners with corresponding signals are sent to the data bus. The airbag control
electric motors and with active belt force limiters. In combination unit evaluates the signals and, if necessary, instructs the seat belt
with PR no. 6C5, the rear outer automatic belt retractors are tensioner control unit to partially or fully tension the seat belts via
equipped with pyrotechnic belt tensioners and additionally with an electric motor. For further information about Audi pre sense,
reversible belt tensioners with electric motors. refer to the chapter on "Active safety" on page 74.
The four reversible belt tensioners: If an automatic seat belt retractor with reversible seat belt ten-
>> Control unit for front left seat belt tensioner J854 sioners is replaced, the basic setting procedure must be performed
>> Control unit for front right seat belt tensioner J855 using the "Guided Fault Finding" function. In this process defined
>> Rear left seat belt tensioner control unit J1097 information is written to the airbag control unit. If the basic
>> Rear right seat belt tensioner control unit J1098 setting procedure has not been carried out, an entry is made in the
are connected to the airbag control unit J234 by a sub-bus system. event memory of the airbag control unit.
The seat belt tensioner control units are actuators and are acti-
vated by the airbag control unit.
The reversible seat belt tensioners are also equipped with a "belt If movement of the seat belt is detected (occupant still fastened in
park function". With the belt park function, the seat belt is the vehicle), this time can be extended to a maximum of 20 min. If
retracted by the electric motors of the reversible seat belt tension- a reversible seat belt tensioner detects the seat belt retracting in
ers. The belt park function is activated when the buckle on a sleep mode, it wakes up the airbag control unit. The airbag control
fastened seat belt is opened, and the seat belt is slowly retracted unit can then initiate the retraction of the seat belt by the corre-
by the automatic retractor. The seat belt may retract slowly at low sponding belt tensioner control unit. As mentioned previously, the
temperatures or when the retractor mechanism has lost tension. seat belt is only retracted by the electric motors when the seat belt
The seat belt retracts about 5 s after seat belt buckle opens or if buckle has been opened and the seat belt is retracting slowly. The
the seat belt has retracted about 30% relative to the fastened belt reversible seat belt tensioners have a Hall-effect sensor which
buckle. The belt park function can be activated when the ignition is measures the extension of the seat belt based on the rotation of
turned on or off. If the vehicle is already in sleep mode, the revers- the belt retractor shaft. The seat belt retraction time is determined
ible seat belt tensioners are active for about 5 s after the seat belt by the airbag control unit.
is fastened and monitor the seat belt.
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662_032
662_033
Reference
For further information about emergency assist, refer to Self Study Programme 668 "Audi A8 (type 4N) Driver assistance
systems". For further information about seat belt slack, refer to page 77.
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Introduction
Installation position
662_027
662_028
Submarining
Submarining occurs if an occupant slides down underneath the lap lap belt tensioners counteract submarining by tensioning the lap
belt towards the footwell during a head-on collision. This can belts and holding the vehicle occupants in a set position in the
potentially cause serious injury. The adjustability of the rear seats seat.
allows submarining to be reduced depending on seat setting. The
662_029
Position of occupant before accident Occupant begins to slide downward Occupant slides down underneath the seat belt
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Installation location
The lap belt tensioner is engaged and bolted to the rear bulkhead
at the rear left and right.
662_030
Coupling
The seat belt is diverted at the seat belt end fitting in the seat
frame area and, unlike in other vehicles, is movable without lap
belt tensioners. A coupling is stitched to the end of the seat belt.
The lap belt tensioner coupling is inserted into the seat belt
coupling and clipped into place.
662_031
Diagnostics
The lap belt tensioner is a pyrotechnic component. The safety control unit J234 continuously monitors the lap belt tensioners for
instructions are the same as for other pyrotechnic components. proper functioning. Faults in the system are registered as event
The lap belt tensioner becomes unusable after its pyrotechnic memory entries by the airbag control unit J234. These faults can
charge has ignited and has to be replaced as a unit. The airbag be cleared using the "Guided Fault Finding".
Buckle
The layout of the seat belt end fitting and the coupling point
means that no additional buckle is required at the seat belt ten-
sioner in the Audi A8 (type 4N).
Reference
The basic working principle of a lap belt tensioner is explained in Self Study Programme 625 "Audi A3 saloon".
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Introduction
The Audi A8 (type 4N) is optionally available with illuminated seat about the illumination function of the seat belt buckles
belt buckles. Illuminated seat belt buckles help the vehicle occu- (e.g. switch-on point, run-on time etc.), please refer to page 49 of
pants to locate their seat belt buckle in the dark. The PR no. 6C5 Self Study Programme 664 "Audi A8 (type 4N) - Electrics and
for the illuminated seat belt buckles is part of the Plus safety electronics". The actual seat belt function is unchanged. This
package. means that the seat belt buckles are still a component part of the
The illuminated seat belt buckles are fitted at the front and rear on occupant protection system and are wired to the airbag control
the driver and front passenger sides. The electrical system control unit J234.
unit J519 is responsible for the illumination of the seat belt The electrical seat belt buckles use 4 pins instead of 2 lighting due
buckles. For this reason, the electrical system control unit is wired to the fact that they are illuminated.
to the seat belt buckle lighting units. For further information
The design of the lighting unit is based on the components listed LED unit with housing
below.
Optical fibre
Luminous ring
Cap
Cable with
4-pin plug
662_014
Reference
The basic design of the seat belt buckles is explained in Self Study Programme 410 "Audi occupant protection – Passive
systems".
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Active safety
Audi pre sense
Working within its system limitations, Audi pre sense is able to It should also be noted that not all objects or lane makings can be
initiate actions to protect the occupants and other road users in detected by the sensor or by the camera.
certain critical situations.
For this purpose, the vehicle and its occupants are prepared for a The following Audi pre sense functions are available for the
potentially imminent collision. Audi A8 (type 4N).
This is made possible by the connectivity of the various in-car
systems. The systems send data continuously to the data bus.
Other control units are able to evaluate this information and take
Audi pre sense basic PR no. 7W1
appropriate action.
Depending on the Audi pre sense package (rear, side, front, evasion Audi pre sense side PR no. JX1+7Y1
assist and turn-off assist), trucks, passenger cars, motorcycles,
Audi pre sense front1) PR no. 6K8
bicycles and pedestrians can be detected.
Please note that Audi pre sense cannot prevent collisions. It serves Audi pre sense rear PR no. 7W3
only to assist the driver and it can reduce the severity of the colli- inclusive of pre sense basic
sion. Audi pre sense turn-off assist PR no. 8T3 / 8T8
The airbag control unit J234 has been modified extensively with In consequence of the above-mentioned modifications, the various
regard to Audi pre sense. These modifications mean that the airbag control units now send their driving situation data to the driver
control unit can now initiate Audi pre sense actions which were assistance systems control unit J1121. This information (data) is
previously initiated by other control units. collated in the driver assistance systems control unit.
For example, the front camera for driver assistance systems R242 This merging of information (data) from different sources is
in the Audi Q7 (type 4M) evaluates the "image data" which it has termed "data fusion". The advantage of data fusion is that it
acquired. Depending on the severity of the critical situation, the provides a comprehensive picture of the vehicle periphery. The
front camera then instructs other systems to initiate actions. Such driver assistance systems control unit sends this data via the bus
actions can include an acute warning (brake warning) or automatic systems to recipients such as the airbag control unit. The airbag
and/or assistive braking by the ABS control unit J104. control unit evaluates this data and can instruct other systems to
The ACC control unit and the side assist control units behave initiate actions appropriate to the situation.
similarly. These control units also register and evaluate driving The individual functions of Audi pre sense are described in greater
situations. If necessary, they can instruct other systems to initiate detail below.
actions, depending on the driving situation.
Note
1)
A further Audi pre sense front function will be introduced at a later date.
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The early warning function of Audi pre sense front can be set and
deactivated in the MMI. The following setting options are avail-
able:
off The audible and visual early warning function is off. >> The settings for the "early", "medium" or "late" early warning
early The audible and visual early warnings are set to earlier. are active until another selection is made in the MMI.
medium The visual and audible early warnings are included here >> If the early warning has been set to "off", the early warning is
in the basic setting. switched on again after the ignition is turned back on 1). The
late The audible and visual early warnings are set to later. system reactivates the setting which was active before the early
warning was switched off.
Early warning
Turn-off assist
Evasion assist
662_161
off
early
medium
late
662_223
1)
Not available in all countries.
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The turn-off assist and evasion assist functions of Audi pre sense
can be switched off separately in the MMI. Once they have been
switched off, turn-off assist and evasion assist remain switched off
until the functions are reactivated in the MMI. Switching the
ignition off and on again does not activate the turn-off assist and
evasion assist functions.
Audi pre sense can also be switched off in the profile master for remains active. Once it has been switched off, Audi pre sense
driver assistance systems under "Individual". All functions of remains switched off until it is reactivated in the profile master for
Audi pre sense front, side, rear as well as evasion assist and turn- driver assistance systems. When the ignition is turned off and on
off assist are deactivated. In this case, the partial tensioning of the again, Audi pre sense, if switched off in the profile master for
reversible seat belt tensioners is also switched off. The full tension- driver assistance systems, is reactivated automatically1).
ing of the reversible seat belt tensioners is not switched off and
Profile master for driver assistance systems Audi pre sense off
Distance warning
Basic
Maximum Audi pre sense
Side assist
Indivual
Intersection assist
662_125 662_126
1)
Not available in all countries.
Reference
For further information about the profile master for driver assistance systems, refer to Self Study Programme 668
"Audi A8 (type 4N) Driver assistance systems."
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If the Audi A8 (type 4N) is equipped with the PR no. 6C5, the rear With Audi pre sense basic, the following actions can be taken:
outer seats are equipped with reversible seat belt tensioners 2) in >> Belt slack reduction
addition to the front reversible seat belt tensioners. The functions >> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tension-
of the front and rear reversible seat belt tensioners are identical. ers
The following information therefore refers to both the front and >> Full tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners
rear reversible seat belt tensioners. >> Closing of the panoramic glass sunroof2)
>> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap
>> Inflation of the side bolsters in the seats and backrests2).
>> Activation of the hazard warning flashers1)
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
cluster
Definition and function of the belt slack reduction system for reversible seat belt tensioners
In certain situations, e.g. when wearing a thick winter jacket, it The seat belt is unreeled with defined force by the reversible seat
may be the case that after fastening the seat belt with reversible belt tensioners under the following conditions. This enables any
seat belt tensioners the seat belt does not tight against the body. existing belt slack to be reduced.
In such a case, the wind-up force of the automatic seat belt retrac- >> If the vehicle reaches a speed of about 15 kph after starting the
tor is less than the force required to compress the thick winter engine and travelling forwards.
jacket. The distance which the seat belt can travel until it fits the >> If the vehicle has not reached a speed of 15 kph about 10 s after
front occupants perfectly is termed "belt slack". starting the engine and travelling forwards.
662_079 662_080
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
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>> After reducing seat belt slack, the seat belt is released again. Tensioning of the reversible seat belt tensioners
>> If a seat belt is not worn, the slack is not reduced for this seat
belt. In the case of Audi pre sense basic, tensioning of the reversible
>> The 4 reversible seat belt tensioners: seat belt tensioners can be carried out at a speed of higher than
>> Control unit for front left seat belt tensioner J854 30 kph when the longitudinal and transverse dynamics functions
>> Control unit for front right seat belt tensioner J855 are active. To activate longitudinal dynamics, the vehicle must be
>> Rear left seat belt tensioner control unit J10972) moving forwards.
>> Rear right seat belt tensioner control unit J10982), are An exception here is the crash function in the low relative speed
connected to the airbag control unit J234 via a sub-bus range (refer to page 81).
system. The airbag control unit instructs the seat belt
tensioners to reduce the belt slack.
Hazard braking
If the brake pressure reaches a defined value during a hazard A message indicating that Audi pre sense is active appears in the
braking manoeuvre, Audi pre sense basic initiates electrical partial instrument cluster. No audible signal is given.
tensioning of the reversible seat belt tensioners.
Emergency braking
>> An emergency braking situation exists if the ABS control unit >> An emergency braking maneouvre also exists if the electrome-
J104 detects that brake pressure had reached a specific value chanical brake is applied when travelling forwards at a speed of
within a defined period of time. If the conditions are met, approx. 30 kph or higher. Audi pre sense basic then initiates the
Audi pre sense basic initiates electrical full tensioning of the full tensioning of the reversible seat belt tensioners. In this
reversible seat belt tensioners. A message indicating that case, no Audi pre sense message appears in the instrument
Audi pre sense is active appears in the instrument cluster. No cluster. The seat belts are released again under the following
audible signal is given. conditions:
>> When the electromechanical parking brake button is
>> An emergency braking situation exists if the given conditions released.
are not met, but if the ABS control unit J104 has detected an >> When the vehicle comes to a standstill.
emergency braking manoeuvre based on the pedal rates. If the >> When the driver presses his foot down heavily on the accel-
conditions are met, Audi pre sense basic initiates electrical full erator and thus overrides the emergency braking of the
tensioning of the reversible seat belt tensioners. A message electromechanical parking brake.
indicating that Audi pre sense is active appears in the instru-
ment cluster. No audible signal is given.
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
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662_081
Key:
662_082
Drive profile selection TCS/ESP button
switch module E256
E592
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If the vehicle oversteers or understeers, the Electronic Stability If the vehicle can no longer be stabilised, the following actions are
Control (ESC) will try to stabilise the vehicle. If the vehicle initiated:
becomes unstable because certain physical limits have been
exceeded, the airbag control unit J234 initiates partial tensioning >> The electrically reversible seat belt tensioners are fully ten-
of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners. A message sioned. A message indicating that Audi pre sense is active
indicating that Audi pre sense is active appears in the instrument appears in the instrument cluster. No audible signal is given.
cluster. No audible signal is given. >> The side bolsters of the seats and backrests are inflated when
the seat belts are fully and partially tensioned2).
>> The side windows and the panoramic glass sunroof2) are closed
when the seat belts are fully and partially tensioned.
>> As long as the vehicle is unstable, the hazard warning flashers1)
Process diagram of the Audi pre sense basic transverse dynamics are switched on for up to 15 s when the seat belts are fully and
function partially tensioned.
662_083
Key:
>> If Audi drive select is set to "dynamic", the seat belts are not >> If the vehicle is unstable, Electronic Stability Control is set to
partially tensioned. "sport" or "off" and the driver actively applies the brakes, the
seat belts are fully tensioned. A message indicating that
>> If Audi pre sense is deactivated in the MMI, the seat belts are Audi pre sense is active appears in the instrument cluster. No
not partially tensioned either. audible signal is given. The side windows and the panoramic
glass sunroof2) are closed. As long as the vehicle is unstable, the
hazard warning flashers1) are switched on for up to 15 s when
the seat belts are fully and partially tensioned.
Note
In case of vehicle instability, a time limit on the hazard warning flashers is implemented in all vehicles in which the
airbag control unit J234 is connected to the FlexRay data bus.
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If the airbag control unit J234 detects a head-on collision at a low A condition is that no pyrotechnic components, such as the
relative speed3) and at a low rate of vehicle deceleration, the airbag airbags, deploy during these head-on collisions. In addition to this,
control unit decides situationally on the basis of the control unit the closing of the side windows and the panoramic glass sunroof2)
algorithm whether to initiate electrical full tensioning. as welll as the inflation of the seat and backrest side bolsters2) are
initiated at speeds of 50 kph or higher. The hazard warning flash-
ers are not switched on.
Installation location
662_091
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
3)
The relative speed is the difference in speed between one's own vehicle and the other vehicle involved in the collision.
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Function
The radar sensors continuously monitor the traffic following the A critical situation is defined as a situation in which a following
vehicle whenever Audi side assist is inactive. Control units J769 and vehicle would collide with the rear end of one's own vehicle unless
J770 send signals they receive as data to the airbag control unit further action is taken by the driver of the following vehicle. Taking
J234 via FlexRay data bus (channel "B"). The information supplied the available information as a basis, the airbag control unit decides
by the ABS control unit J104 tells vehicle how fast it is travelling. which actuators to activate. It relays this information to different
The airbag control unit calculates the speeds of the following control units such as the sliding sunroof control unit J2452). The
vehicles on the basis of this information. other control units receive this data and activate the relevant
The following information is therefore available to actuators.
Audi pre sense rear4):
>> Distance of following vehicles.
>> Speed of following vehicles.
>> Speed of own vehicle.
Phase 1
1. If the critical situation still exists, the side windows and the
panoramic glass sunroof2) are closed. If installed, the electrical
head restraints2) on the seats move upward and the electrical
upper backrests2) (seat adjustment) move forward. If the
vehicle is equipped with pneumatic seats2), the seat and
backrest side bolsters are inflated.
1)
Not available in all countries. 662_093
2)
Optional equipment.
3)
The relative speed is the difference in speed between one's own vehicle and the other vehicle involved in the rear-end collision.
4)
A precondition is that the following vehicles are within the detection range of the radar sensors.
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662_094
3. If the vehicle continues to approach and the danger of a rear- The reversible seat belt tensioners are:
end collision increases, the reversible seat belt tensioners are >> Control unit for front left seat belt tensioner J854
partially and fully tensioned depending on how fast one's own >> Control unit for front right seat belt tensioner J855
vehicle is travelling. The reversible seat belt tensioners are >> Rear left seat belt tensioner control unit J10972)
partially tensioned if the vehicle is travelling at a higher speed >> Rear right seat belt tensioner control unit J10982)
and fully tensioned if the vehicle is travelling at a lower speed.
If one's own vehicle exceeds a preset speed, reversible seat belt
tensioners are not tensioned. The 4 reversible seat belt ten-
sioners are connected to the airbag control unit J234 by a
sub-bus system.
2)
Optional equipment.
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662_095
Key:
Pre sense side
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
84
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Installation location
Audi pre sense side is only possible if the vehicle is equipped with installed in the front bumper on the left-hand side of the vehicle.
Audi side assist and intersection assist. Audi side assist utilises The control unit for front right radar sensor for object detection
2 "mid-range" radar sensors which are able to detect objects within J1089 is installed in the front bumper on the right-hand side of the
a distance of 0 – 70 m behind and to the side of one's own vehicle. vehicle. Each of these 4 control units combines with a radar sensor
The Audi side assist control unit J769 is installed in the rear to form a unit. The radar beam angle of the radar sensors is
bumper on the right-hand side of the vehicle. The Audi side assist approx. 150°.
control unit 2 J770 is installed in the rear bumper on the left-hand Audi pre sense side utilises the control units including the radar
side of the vehicle. Intesection assist also utilises 2 "mid-range" sensors of Audi side assist and the intersection assist system for
radar sensors which are able to detect objects within a distance of the purposes of object recognition.
0 – 70 m behind and to the side of one's own vehicle. The control
unit for front left radar sensor for object detection J1088 is
662_084
662_199
662_091
The control unit for front radar sensor for object detection J1089 and
the rear side assist control unit J769 are installed analogously on the
right-hand side of the vehicle.
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Function
The 4 radar sensors continuously monitor the traffic to the side of If the airbag control unit detects a critical situation, it takes the
as well as in front of and behind one's own vehicle, even when following measures almost simultaneously:
Audi side assist and intersection assist are inactive. The signals >> Raising2) of the vehicle on the collision-facing side (to be imple-
recorded by the radar sensors are sent to the driver assistance mented at a future date).
systems control unit J1121 as data. The driver assistance systems >> Full tensioning of the reversible seat belt tensioners.
control unit merges the data so that an exact map the vehicle >> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
periphery can be obtained and evaluated. If critical objects are >> Closing of the panoramic glass sunroof2).
detected on either side of one's own vehicle, this information is >> The electrical upper backrests2) move into an upright position.
sent to the airbag control unit J234. The airbag control unit evalu- >> The electrical head restraints2) move into an elevated position.
ates the data and can instruct other systems to initiate actions >> Locking of the doors.
appropriate to the situation. >> Activation of the hazard warning flashers1).
In the case of Audi pre sense side, a critical situation is when a >> In addition, a visual message indicating that Audi pre sense is
vehicle approaching from the side will, with a high degree of active appears in the instrument cluster.
probability, collide sideways with one's own vehicle.
662_085
Key:
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
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>> Audi pre sense side is available while travelling forward at >> To be able to detect vehicles from the side, these vehicles must
speeds of between about 0 and 60 kph. It is also available at be approaching one's own vehicle from the side at below a
speeds of between about 0 and 20 kph while reversing. defined angle.
Note:
To avoid the danger a vehicle being raised automatically while working on the vehicle, refer to the safety instructions for
deactivating the vehicle raise function in the Workshop Manual.
>> Visual prewarning. >> Inflation of the side bolsters in the seats and backrests2).
>> Audible prewarning. >> Closing the panoramic glass sunroof2).
>> Prefilling of the brake system. >> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
>> Reconfiguration of hydraulic brake assist. >> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tension-
>> Acute warning by braking impulse. ers.
>> Automatic braking to emergency braking level. >> Full tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners.
>> Target braking. >> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
>> The electrical head restraints2) move into an elevated position. cluster.
>> Driver take-over prompt.
Installation location
662_099
2)
Optional equipment.
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Function
The front camera for driver assistance systems R242 continuously The system can, under certain conditions, detect the following
monitors the traffic in front of one's own vehicle. The resulting scenarios:
signals are sent to the driver assistance systems control unit J1121 >> Vehicles in front of one's own vehicle (passenger cars, trucks,
as data. The driver assistance systems control unit sends the data motorcycles)
to the airbag control unit J234. The airbag control unit evaluates >> Cyclists in the same lane in the same lane as the vehicle or
the data and can instruct other systems to initiate actions appro- moving into the same lane as the vehicle.
priate to the situation. >> Pedestrians in the same lane as the vehicle or moving into same
lane as the vehicle.
Response to vehicles
>> Audi pre sense front is able to respond to vehicles which are >> Audi pre sense front can warn against vehicles up to a speed of
travelling in the same direction and which have stopped or are 250 kph.
stationary. >> Audi pre sense front can initiate braking up to a speed of
>> Audi pre sense front does not respond to crossing or oncoming 250 kph.
traffic.
>> Audi pre sense front is active at a speed of approx. 10 kph or
higher.
If the vehicle approaches another vehicle which is travelling in the pedal and turn signal inputs, the system classifies the driver as
same direction at speeds of between about 30 and 250 kph result- active or inactive and, consequently, as attentive or inattentive. If
ing in a critical driving situation, the instrument cluster gives the the driver is deemed to be "attentive", warnings are issued later
driver audible and visual early warnings when set limits are than for a driver deemed to be "inattentive". At the same time, the
exceeded. These warnings are given within a certain time frame ABS control unit J104 initiates prefilling of the brake system, and
ahead of the last braking opportunity for braking or collision hydraulic brake assist is reconfigured. Hydraulic brake assist reacts
avoidance before the actual collision occurs. The timing of warn- more sensitively to pedal operations by the driver.
ings depends on the driver's activity level. Depending on steering,
If driver does not respond to the warnings, however, the ABS indicates to the driver that he must react immediately in order to
control unit J104 generates an acute warning by initiating a brake prevent an impending collision. Depending on how attentive the
warning. At the same time, a visual warning is issued via the driver is deemed to be, the brake warning is produced within a
instrument cluster display. The brake warning is a very brief but certain time window ahead of the last opportunity to brake or take
easily noticeable braking impulse which does not slow the vehicle evasive action in order to avoid a collision.
down directly. It alerts the driver to the traffic situation and
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If the driver fails to respond to the brake warning or only takes his If the vehicle automatically brakes itself to a standstill without
foot off the accelerator, the ABS control unit J104 initiates auto- driver intervention, a driver take-over prompt appears in the
matic braking1). Depending on the speed at which the vehicle is instrument cluster and further audible signals sound. These
travelling, braking power may increase progressively to maximum signals will alert the driver to the fact that he must actively take
level (emergency braking). Depending on the situation, the ABS control of the vehicle (e.g. by applying braking). If the driver fails
control unit J104 can instruct the hazard warning flashers1) to be to take control of the vehicle, the system will release the brake and
activated. Depending on the situation, the following additional the vehicle will start to move.
actions may be initiated:
>> The electrical head restraints2) move into an elevated position.
>> Inflation of the side bolsters in the seats and backrests2).
>> Closing the panoramic glass sunroof2).
>> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
>> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tension-
ers
>> Full tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners.
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
cluster.
662_162
Key:
Automatic braking up to
Reconfiguration of Acute warning by braking
emergency braking inten-
hydraulic brake assist impulse
sity
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
89
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When the driver applies the brakes a target braking maneouvre can If the vehicle has assistively braked itself to a standstill without
be performed in all of the phases described above (prefilling of the driver intervention, a driver take-over prompt appears in the
brake system, reconfiguration of hydraulic brake assist, prewarning, instrument cluster and further audible signals sound. These
acute warning, automatic braking). During the target braking signals will alert the driver to the fact that he must actively take
manoeuvre the Audi pre sense front system calculates whether the control of the vehicle (e.g. by applying braking). If the driver fails
driver has applied sufficient braking to be able to prevent a collision. to take control of the vehicle, the system will release the brake and
If this is not the case, the required amount of braking is increased the vehicle will start to move.
(up to maximum level depending on the situation). Depending on
the situation, the ABS control unit J104 can instruct the hazard
warning flashers1) to be activated.
Depending on the situation, the following additional actions may be
initiated:
>> The electrical head restraints2) move into an elevated position.
>> Inflation of the side bolsters in the seats and backrests2).
>> Closing the panoramic glass sunroof2).
>> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
>> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners
>> Full tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tensioners.
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
cluster
662_100
Key:
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If the vehicle is travelling at speeds of between about 10 and Depending on steering, pedal and turn signal inputs, the system
85 kph and a pedestrian or cyclist is in the same lane as the vehicle classifies the driver as active or inactive and, consequently, as
or moving into the same lane as the vehicle resulting in a crtitical attentive or inattentive. If the driver is deemed to be "attentive",
driving situation, the instrument cluster alerts the driver by issuing warnings are issued later than for a driver deemed to be "inatten-
audible and visual warnings. These warnings are given within a tive". At the same time, the ABS control unit J104 initiates prefill-
certain time frame ahead of the last braking opportunity for ing of the brake system, and hydraulic brake assist is reconfigured.
braking or collision avoidance before the actual collision occurs. Hydraulic brake assist reacts more sensitively to pedal operations
The timing of warnings depends on the driver's activity level. by the driver.
If driver does not respond to the warnings, however, the ABS indicates to the driver that he must react immediately in order to
control unit J104 generates an acute warning by initiating a brake prevent an impending collision. Depending on how attentive the
warning. At the same time, a visual warning is issued via the driver is deemed to be, the brake warning is produced within a
instrument cluster display. The brake warning is a very brief but certain time window ahead of the last opportunity to brake or take
easily noticeable braking impulse which does not slow the vehicle evasive action in order to avoid a collision.
down directly. It alerts the driver to the traffic situation and
If the driver fails to respond to the brake warning or only takes his If the vehicle automatically brakes itself to a standstill without
foot off the accelerator, the ABS control unit J104 initiates auto- driver intervention, a driver take-over prompt appears in the
matic braking1). Depending on the speed at which the vehicle is instrument cluster and further audible signals sound. These
travelling, braking power may increase progressively to maximum signals will alert the driver to the fact that he must actively take
level (emergency braking). Depending on the situation, the ABS control of the vehicle (e.g. by applying braking). If the driver fails
control unit J104 can instruct the hazard warning flashers1) to be to take control of the vehicle, the system will release the brake and
activated. the vehicle will start to move.
Depending on the situation, the following additional actions may
be initiated:
>> Closing the panoramic glass sunroof2).
>> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
>> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tension-
ers
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
cluster.
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
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662_163
Key:
Automatic braking up to
Reconfiguration of Acute warning by braking
emergency braking inten-
hydraulic brake assist impulse
sity
When the driver applies the brakes a target braking maneouvre can If the vehicle has assistively braked itself to a standstill without
be performed in all of the phases described above (prefilling of the driver intervention, a driver take-over prompt appears in the instru-
brake system, reconfiguration of hydraulic brake assist, prewarn- ment cluster and further audible signals sound. These signals will
ing, acute warning, automatic braking). During the target braking alert the driver to the fact that he must actively take control of the
manoeuvre the Audi pre sense front system calculates whether the vehicle (e.g. by applying braking). If the driver fails to take control
driver has applied sufficient braking to be able to prevent a colli- of the vehicle, the system will release the brake and the vehicle will
sion. If this is not the case, the required amount of braking is start to move.
increased (up to maximum level depending on the situation).
Depending on the situation, the ABS control unit J104 can instruct
the hazard warning flashers1) to be activated.
Depending on the situation, the following additional actions may
be initiated:
>> Closing the panoramic glass sunroof2).
>> Closing of the side windows apart from a residual gap.
>> Partial tensioning of the electrically reversible seat belt tension-
ers
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument
cluster
1)
Not available in all countries.
2)
Optional equipment.
92
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662_101
Key:
>> In towing mode, the braking behaviour of the vehicle/trailer >> If ESC is set to "off", certain functions of Audi pre sense front
combination may be different to what one is used to, due to the will only be available to a limited extent or will be unavailable.
increase in mass and the effect this has on braking and stabilisa- >> If the functionality of the front camera for driver assistance
tion behaviour under automatic braking. systems R242 is impaired due to bad visibility and light condi-
>> If an emergency braking manoeuvre is initiated by the vehicle, tions such as darkness or fog, Audi pre sense front will only be
Audi pre sense city can help reduce the vehicle's speed by up to available to a limited extent or will be unavailable.
60 kph. >> If driver is not wearing a seat belt, certain functions of
>> Depending on the situation, the ABS control unit J104 can Audi pre sense front will only be available to a limited extent or
instruct the hazard warning flashers (emergency braking will be unavailable.
warning) 1) to be activated. >> The front camera for driver assist systems self-initialises after
>> If the driver takes clear evasive action or applies the brakes the ignition is switched on. It may, therefore, be the case that
during the collision warning or corrective braking phases of an Audi pre sense front is not available for up to 20 s after turning
Audi pre sense front action, the current actions of on the ignition. The non-availability Audi pre sense front is
Audi pre sense front (e. g. early warning) will be suppressed or indicated by the initialisation lamp.
cancelled. If the obstacle is no longer relevant after this,
Audi pre sense front will cease to provide driver assistance.
>> If Audi pre sense is deactivated in the MMI, the warning and
braking functions of Audi pre sense front will be deactivated, too.
Note
A further version of Audi pre sense front will be introduced at a future date.
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Pre sense turn-off assist
Audi pre sense turn-off assist can help the driver with turn-off Installation location
manoeuvres.
In models equipped with Audi pre sense turn-off assist, the follow- To implement Audi pre sense turn-off assist, the vehicle requires:
ing actions can be taken: >> Adaptive cruise assist with the ADR sensor, right G259 and the
>> Reconfiguration of hydraulic brake assist. ACC control unit J428.
>> Automatic emergency braking1). >> Front camera for driver assistance systems R242.
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument >> The control unit for laser distance control J1122.
cluster (visual and audible)
662_166
Function
Turn-off assist is explained using a left turn-off situation in right- and the laser scanner of the laser distance control function send
hand traffic. In driving situations involving left-hand traffic, the the data they have acquired to the ACC control unit J428.
function helps to driver to turn off to the right. The ACC control unit merges the data and can instruct other
The radar sensor of adaptive cruise assist, the front camera for systems to initiate actions appropriate to the situation. The
driver assistance systems and the laser scanner of the laser dis- merging of data from various sources provides a very exact map of
tance control function continuously monitor the traffic in front of the vehicle periphery.
one's own vehicle. The front camera for driver assistance systems
When Audi pre sense is off, turn-off assist is also off. In addition, function is reactivated in the MMI. Turning the ignition off and on
turn-off assist can be switched off separately in the MMI menu. If does not activate turn-off assist if it has been switched off sepa-
turn-off assist is switched off separately, it stays off until the rately.
1)
Not available in all countries.
Reference
For further information about turning Audi pre sense on and off, refer to "Audi pre sense settings", page 76 ff.
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The driver wants to turn off to the left with his vehicle (1). Turn-off unit J104 to reconfigure hydaulic brake assist. If the driver (1) were
assist can only assist the driver with turning off to the left if the now to continue with the turn-off manoeuvre and start to drive
vehicle (1) is travelling at a speed of less than 10 kph. away, this will be detected by the ACC control unit through the
As described under "Function", the radar sensor, the front camera wheel speed sensors of the ABS control unit J104. In this case, the
and the laser scanner continuously monitor the traffic in front of ACC control unit instructs the ABS control unit J104 to initiate an
one's own vehicle (1). When the turn signal is switched to the left automatic emergency braking manoeuvre. The vehicle (1) comes to
position, the oncoming traffic is also monitored. When the turn a standstill in its own lane due to the emergency braking manoeu-
signal is switched to the left position, the ACC control unit knows vre. Visual and audible messages indicating that Audi pre sense is
that the driver intends to turn off to the left. If the ACC control active appear in the instrument cluster.
unit J1122 detects that turning off now would result in a critical
situation involving oncoming traffic (2), it instructs the ABS control
Process diagram showing the working principle of Audi pre sense turn-off assist
662_167
Key:
>> Turn-off assist is only available while turning off to the left or >> In left-hand-drive vehicles the system is only active when
travelling at speeds below 10 kph. turning off to the right.
>> The turn signals must be activated before turning off. >> If turn-off assist is active, this is indicated both visually and
>> In right-hand-drive vehicles the system is only active when audibly.
turning off to the left.
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Pre sense evasion assist
Audi pre sense evasion assist can aid the driver with an evasion Installation location
manoeuvre while approaching another vehicle.
In models equipped with Audi pre sense evasion assist, the follow- To implement Audi pre sense evasion assist, the vehicle requires:
ing actions can be taken: >> Adaptive cruise assist with the ADR sensor, right G259 and the
>> Steering torque (corrective steering inputs). ACC control unit J428.
>> Braking of individual wheels. >> Front camera for driver assistance systems R242.
>> Display of corrective action by Audi pre sense in the instrument >> The control unit for laser distance control J1122.
cluster (visual and audible).
662_166
Function
Evasion assist is explained using an example in which one's own and the laser scanner of the laser distance control function send
vehicle wants to pass by a vehicle on the left. Evasion assist the data they have acquired to the ACC control unit J428.
behaves analogously when passing by a vehicle on the right. The ACC control unit merges the data and can instruct other
The radar sensor of adaptive cruise assist, the front camera for systems to initiate actions appropriate to the situation. The
driver assistance systems and the laser scanner of the laser dis- merging of data from various sources provides a very exact map of
tance control function continuously monitor the traffic in front of the vehicle periphery.
one's own vehicle. The front camera for driver assistance systems
When Audi pre sense is off, evasion assist is also off. In addition, function is reactivated in the MMI. Turning the ignition off and on
evasion assist can be switched off separately in the MMI menu. If does not activate evasion assist if it has been switched off sepa-
evasion assist is switched off separately, it stays off until the rately.
Reference
For further information about turning Audi pre sense on and off, refer to "Audi pre sense settings", page 76 ff.
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Evasion maneouvre
The vehicle (1) wants to evade the vehicle (2) travelling ahead. Evasion assist computes a suitable evasion line based on various
As described under "Function", the radar sensor, the front camera items of information, such as one's own speed and the lane in
and the laser scanner continuously monitor the traffic in front of which the vehicle ahead in driving. If vehicle (1) deviates too far
one's own vehicle (1). Before evasion assist can provide the driver from the evasion line within certain bounds, evasion assist will,
with assistance, Audi pre sense front has already identified a after the acute warning is issued, try to guide the vehicle (1) along
critical situation and initiated the following actions: the evasion line by providing steering assistance along the evasion
>> Visual prewarning. line of the vehicle (2). The vehicle (1) is additionally stabilised by
>> Audible prewarning. braking individual wheels. Evasion assist can only help the
>> Prefilling of the brake system. driver (1) when the driver (1) carries out the evasion process
>> Adaptation of hydraulic brake assist. actively by making corrective steering inputs himself. Visual and
>> Acute warning by braking impulse. audible messages indicating that Audi pre sense is active appear in
the instrument cluster. If the last possible evasion point has been
surpassed, no assistance is provided by evasion assist.
Process diagram showing the working principle of Audi pre sense evasion assist
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Key:
>> Evasion assist is active after the acute warning (brake warning) >> Evasion assist is available at speeds of between about 30 to 150
is issued. kph.
>> Evasion assist is not active if the last possible evasion point has >> and helps the driver to steer around an obstacle on the left or
been surpassed. right.
>> Evasion assist does not provide assistance unless the driver is
actively steering the vehicle.
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Introduction
System configuration in the Audi Q7 (type 4M) and Audi A4/A5 (type 8W)
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) Audi active lane assist Traffic jam assist
"early" corrective steering point
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With adaptive cruise assist, a combined longitudinal and lateral With the introduction of adaptive cruise assist, active lateral
control assistance function is available for the first time at speeds control of the vehicle is available at all speeds up to 250 kph. In
ranging from 0 to 250 kph. "Longitudinal control" involves acceler- the Audi Q7 (type 4M) or the Audi A4/A5 (type 8W), lateral control
ating and braking the vehicle, while "lateral control" involves is the task of Audi active lane assist at 65 kph or higher. At speeds
steering the vehicle. However, the driver must keep his hands on of less than 60 kph, it is the task of traffic jam assist if a traffic jam
the steering wheel. situation has been detected by the system. Lateral control may be
interrupted for several seconds at the transition from active lateral
With adaptive cruise assist, both longitudinal and lateral control control by Audi active lane assist to active lateral control by traffic
functions are available to the driver. However, the driver can also jam assist, and vice versa. This interruption does not apply to
deactivate the lateral control function so that only the longitudinal adaptive cruise assist, where lateral control is provided continu-
control function stays active. The vehicle behaves in much the ously.
same way as previously when driving with ACC. The longitudinal
control function in the Audi A8 (type 4N) is largely identical to the As adaptive cruise assist is a driver assistance system, the driver is
4th generation ACC system used in the Audi Q7 (type 4M) and in still fully responsible for operating the vehicle. The driver's hands
the Audi A4/A5 (type 8W). With adaptive cruise assist, it is not must stay on the steering wheel. The system assists the driver, but
possible to deactivate the longitudinal control function while the does not relieve the driver of responsibility. Adaptive Drive Assist
lateral control function is active. reduces the driver's workload and makes for more comfortable
driving.
Reference
For further information about adaptive cruise assist, refer to Self Study Programme 668 "Audi A8 (type 4N) Driver assistance
systems."
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Intersection assist
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Intersection assist only responds to cross traffic if the vehicle is If the cyclist or motorcyclist is recognised by the system, the
travelling at a speed of at least 10 kph. Cross traffic can be a system responds in exactly the same way as to a vehicle.
normal vehicle, a bus or a truck, but also a cyclist or motorcyclist.
To implement intersection assist, the vehicle requires two addi- radar sensors at the extreme front left and front right of the
tional radar sensors, which are located behind the front bumper. vehicle, the system can, in certain situations, detect cross traffic
These radar sensors are identical in design to the rear radar even before the driver sees it. Intersection assist utilises this lead
sensors of the Audi A8 and are installed for the first time at this time to provide the driver with feedback on critical cross traffic as
position in the Audi. Both radar sensors monitor the area to the early as possible so that the driver can respond to this situation.
front left and right of the vehicle. Due to the positioning of the two
Reference
For further information about intersection assist, refer to Self Study Programme 668 "Audi A8 (type 4N) Driver assistance
systems."
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Introduction
The driver assistance systems control unit J1121 is a new control in the vehicle, version A0 is sufficient. If, for example, the optional
unit, which is used for the first time in the Audi A8 (type 4N). The surround view cameras are ordered, this requires the installation of
control unit will be available in a total of 4 different versions at the version C. The optional surround view cameras are currently the
launch of the Audi A8. The versions have the following designa- only option which necessitates the installation of version C. Version
tions: C will in future also be required by other park assistance systems in
>> Version A0 (basic version) the Audi A8 (type 4N), but these systems will not be introduced
>> Version A until a later date.
>> Version B
>> Version C (version with widest range of functions) Th individual versions are based on each other. The higher the
version number, the more hardware and software are integrated in
Which versions are required in a specific Audi A8 (type 4N) depends the control unit. However, an external analysis of the control unit
on which driver assistance systems are ordered. shows that it is only possible to differentiate visually between
If only the standard driver assistance systems are installed 2 different versions.
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>> Basic version of main beam assist >> Active lane departure warning
>> Matrix LED main beam assist >> Emergency assist
>> Intersection assist >> Camera-based traffic sign recognition
>> Surround view cameras
>> Parking system plus (in version C only, otherwise electrical
system control unit J519)
Reference
For further information about the driver assistance systems control unit J1121, refer to Self Study Programme 668
"Audi A8 (type 4N) Driver assistance systems."
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Installation location
Function
Calibration
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ACC unit
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4th generation ACC unit
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Overview of versions
The Audi A8 (type 4N) comes equipped with the latest-generation
modular infotainment system (version MIB2+).
The customer can choose between 2 MMI versions: MMI Radio plus
and MMI Navigation plus. Both versions are based technically on
MIB2+ High.
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1)
7UH for countries without navigation map data
2)
EL0 for markets without Audi connect
3)
IT0 means without Audi connect licence without Audi connect SIM
IT1 means with Audi connect licence without Audi connect SIM
IT2 means without Audi connect licence with Audi connect SIM
IT3 means with Audi connect licence with Audi connect SIM
4)
If a single-DVD player (7D5) and a DVD changer (6G0) are ordered together, the PR. No. is 6G2
5)
The Audi connect data module becomes a fully fledged telephone module in combination with SAP
6)
For markets in which no coupling box (external aerial connection for smartphone) is available
7)
If a digital radio (QV3) and a TV tuner (QV1) are ordered together, the PR no. is QU1
If a digital radio (QV3) and a TV tuner with CI card reader (Q0A) are ordered together, the PR no. is Q0B
8)
Auto SOS only (IW1) or Auto SOS and Service (IW3) depending on country
9)
IW3 is mandatory
10)
The Comfort key (4F2/4I3) is mandatory
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MMI Radio plus (I8T + 7UH) MMI Navigation plus (I8T + 7UG)
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10.1" touchscreen with 1540 x 720 pixel resolution 10.1" touchscreen with 1540 x 720 pixel resolution
8.6" touchscreen with 1280 x 660 pixel resolution 8.6" touchscreen with 1280 x 660 pixel resolution
Optional equipment
Audi music interface in the rear with 2 USB ports (UF8) Audi music interface in the rear with 2 USB ports (UF8)
Audi smartphone interface (IU1)
Rear Seat Remote (QW5) Rear Seat Remote (QW5)
Audi phone box (including wireless charging) (9ZE) Audi phone box (including wireless charging) (9ZE)5)
Audi phone box light (for wireless charging only) (9ZV)5), 6) Audi phone box light (for wireless charging only) (9ZV)5), 6)
Audi phone box light rear only for 4 seater models (for wireless Audi phone box light rear only for 4 seater models (for wireless
charging only) (QF6) (for China only) charging only) (QF6) (for China only)
Phone connectivity in the rear cabin including Audi phone box rear Phone connectivity in the rear cabin including Audi phone box rear
(QF7 for 4-seater models/QF8 for 5-seater models without wire- (QF7 for 4-seater models/QF8 for 5-seater models without wire-
less charging) less charging)
Bang & Olufsen Premium Sound System with 3D sound (9VS) Bang & Olufsen Premium Sound System with 3D sound (9VS)
Bang & Olufsen Advanced Sound System with 3D sound (8RF) Bang & Olufsen Advanced Sound System with 3D sound (8RF)
TV tuner (QV1/Q0A)7)
Auto SOS & connect vehicle-specific services (IW3)8) Auto SOS & connect vehicle-specific services (IW3)8)
Reference
For further information about the infotainment systems and Audi connect, refer to Self Study Programme 666
"Audi A8 (type 4N) Infotainment".
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Overview
The following service intervals are displayed: >> Oil change service
>> Mileage-based service events
>> Time-based service events
Car · Service intervals
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In new vehicles, the next oil change due field (flexible servicing The value displayed in the mileage-based servicing events field is
event) is initially blank. now 30,000 km for new vehicles and is decremented in increments
of 100 km. The value in the field for the time-based servicing
This interval has to be computed from the driving profile and events is now 730 days (2 years) for new vehicles and is updated on
engine load and is not displayed until about 500 km have been a daily basis (upwards of a total mileage of about 500 km).
covered.
Engine oil change According to service interval display, between 15,000 km / 1 year and 30,000 km /
2 years depending on driving style and conditions of use.
Inspection 30,000 km / 2 years 30,000 km / 2 years
Brake fluid change interval Change after 3, 5, ... years Change after 3, 5, ... years
Note
The values given in the current service literature generally apply.
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USA
Canada
Inspection with oil change
China
Inspection with oil change
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Usage:
For removing the door mirror.
AC service unit VAS 581 009
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Appendix
SSP 664 Audi A8 (type 4N) SSP 665 Audi A8 (type 4N)
Electrics and electronics New air conditioning features and
introduction of refrigerant R744
SSP 666 Audi A8 (type 4N) SSP 668 Audi A8 (type 4N)
Infotainment and Audi connect Driver assistance systems
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Subject to revision.
Copyright
AUDI AG
I/VK-35
service.training@audi.de
AUDI AG
D-85045 Ingolstadt
Technical status 08/17