Chapter one

1. Introduction
A blood bank is a center where blood gathered as a result of blood donation is stored and
preserved for later use in blood transfusion. Blood is a saver of all existing lives in case of
emergency needs. The task of blood bank is to receive blood from various donors, to monitor the
blood groups database and to send the required blood during the need to the hospital in case of
emergencies.

In our country there are lots of communication gap among patients (accepting blood), donors
(who donate bold), blood banks and hospitals. In Ethiopia blood bank is used manual system to
collect blood from different place. The problem is not insufficient number of donors, but finding
a willing donor at the right time and have many problems in the system which the blood bank is
used.

Generally, the proposed system is an important role in saving life of human beings and which is
also its main aim. The proposed project Android Based Blood Bank system which is developed
for blood bank so that users can view the information about registered blood donors such as name,
address, and other such personal information along with their details of blood group and other
medical information of donor. The project also has a login page where in the user is required to
register and only then can view the availability of blood and may also register to donate blood if
he/she wishes to. This project requires internet access and thus there is a disadvantage of internet
failure. Thus, this application helps to select the right donor online instantly using medical details
along with the blood group. The main aim of developing this application is to reduce the time to a
great extent that is spent in searching for the right donor and the availability of blood required.
Thus, this application provides the required information in no time and also helps in quicker
decision making.

1.1. Projects Background

The blood is specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body’s cells such as
nutrients and oxygen. Blood banking is a cache or bank of blood or blood components, gathered
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as a result of blood donation, stored and preserved for later use in blood transfusions. In addition
to this, the blood type of patients also needs to be determined for compatibility sake for a blood
transfusion. It is possible in some situations that the patient is unable to get the required amount
of blood at right time due to lack of interrelationship in form of a networked database among the
blood banks which leads to the lack of knowledge of updated record of all blood donors. Today
mobile and mobile based applications have become a part of our day to day life. With the
revolution in mobile computing many great features were added to the field and the mobiles got
smaller, faster and better as the decade passed. This Android application is developed to easily
search for blood in nearby areas for emergency. In this Android app one will get clear access to
blood in real time and right place.
1.2. Review of Related Work (Literature Review)
In “The Optimization of Blood Donor Information and Management System by Technopedia” by
P. Priya and V.Saranya [1] have proposed an efficient and reliable blood donor information and
management system based on GIS integrated in android mobile application. The service provided
by the proposed system is needed and valuable to health sector where a quality of the blood is
considered for the safety of the patient through a systematic process by the blood management
system. This system will be the solution for the problems such as wrong information of donors,
misuse by third parties and updating the donated blood by the donor which replaces the older
systems. The proposed system is a web based android application helps us to reduce the human
mistakes which are done in the existing system. The wireless internet technique enables the flow
of data to work more rapidly and conveniently. This is integrated framework which has a cloud-
based application on mobile devices. The future work of the system is to extend this application to
process through SMS services. By this the contact is hidden from other members. Some other text
or number will be generated on behalf of the original phone number or email. This can be done
without using the internet service where the acceptor sends blood request to donor by web but
whereas the donor receiving the request is just a simple SMS in mobile. By this there will be secure
BTS where strangers can’t misuse the details of donors and where strangers can become helping
hand for life at emergency situation. In “MBB:A Life Saving Application” by Narendra Gupta,
Ramakant Gawande and Nikhil thengadi have proposed the system that will link all donors. The
system will help control a blood transfusion service and create a database to hold data on stocks
of blood in each area as data on donors in each city.

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1.3. Statement of the problem
At present, the public can only know about the blood donation events through conventional media
means such as radio, newspaper or television advertisements.

 There is no information regarding the blood donation programs available on any of the
portal.
 The current system that is using by the blood bank is manual system. With the manual
system, there are problems in managing the donors' records. The records of the donor might
not be kept safely and there might be missing of donor's records due to human error or
disasters. Besides that, errors might occur when the staff keeps more than one record for
the same donor.
 There is no centralized database of volunteer donors. So, it becomes really tedious for a
person to search blood in case of emergency. The only option is to manually search and
match donors and then make phone calls to every donor.
 There is also no centralized database used to keep the donors' records. Each bank is having
their own records of donors. If a donor makes donation in different hospital, no previous
records can be traced except if the donor brings along the donation certificate. Hence, the
donor is considered to be a first-timer if they make blood donation in a new place.
 Without an automated management system, there are also problems in keeping track of the
actual amount of each and every blood type in the blood bank.
 In addition, there is also no alert available when the blood quantity is below its par level or
when the blood in the bank has expired.

1.4. Objectives
1.4.1. General Objective
 The general objective of this project is to develop android based blood bank .
1.4.2. Specific Objective
 To maintain the blood bank information system
 All information of blood banks
 All information who wants to donate blood
 To bridge the gap between blood donors and needy people, through this system.

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  To provide fast, easy accessible, safest, most reliable and most cost-effective system for
patients and donors.
 To facilitate the search process for needy people and make it easier than before.


1.5. Methodology
To prepare this project documentation we have examined different methodologies to gather
relevant information that will help us to accomplish the project in welformed manner.

1.5.1. Data Collection Methodology

Since information gathering is very important to analyze the problem. To gather information, we
have preferred the existing system of Blood bank and to analyze the problems of existing system
we used different methods of information gathering techniques. Those are:
a. Interview
b. Observation
c. Document Analysis
a. Interview
We have asked employers of the organization oral questions related to the existing system. They
gave appropriate answers with regarding to each and every question (see Appendix at the last
page).
b. Observation
We have seen different activities of the organization basically related with blood bank system like
blood donation,.

c. Document Analysis

To get detailed awareness about the proposed system we used different documents such as
magazines of the organization and some related previously done projects which are very important
to develop our project.

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1.5.2. System Development Methodology
This methodology used to structure, plan and control the process of developing the proposed
system. Thus, we have used waterfall model that divides the system into sequential phases.
We preferred waterfall model approach for the following reasons:
 Simple and easy to understand in use.
 Phases are processed and completed one at a time.
 The orderly sequence of development steps and strict controls for ensuring the adequacy
of documentation.
 Project requirements are stable during the system development life cycle.

Figure 1: Water fall model diagram

1.5.3. System Development Tool

To develop the proposed system, we will use different software and hardware components.
Software tools
 PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap: To implement the web base system.
 Android: To implement android app system.
 MYSQL and MYSLite server: To store and retrieve files to/from the database.
 Xampp server: To creating web applications

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  Model View Controller (MVC) frame work: To increase code reusability, flexibility,
increase robustness of the system.

 Microsoft word 2016: To write documentation of the system.

 Window 10 single language: Platform used to do both documentation and
implementation.

 Edraw UML Diagram 7.9: for designing UML diagram associated with the project.

 Adobe Dreamweaver CC2017 and Android Studio 3.0: used to implement the proposed
system.

 Sniping tool: Used to snipe diagrams of the system from Edraw UML Max.

 JDK for the whole java environment.

 Operating system MS Windows.
 MS Power point for presentation.
 Android SDK used for the android application platform.

Hardware Requirements
 Desktop and Laptop computer 4GB RAM: To work documentation, implementation
and access internet available.
 Android device emulator: used to run the code.
 Printer: for printing document
 Paper and pen: is used to write interview answers and our conclusion.
 Flash disk: is used to data transfer from one computer to another

1.6. Scope and Limitation

1.6.1. Scope
This project is applying for blood bank and it focuses on the following main points. Like:
 The system can enable users to register and login to the application.
 The system is helps the user to register in the application as a donor.
 The android mobile user will be able make quick decision in selecting a donor.

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  The project gives all the necessary information about the donors.
 Doctors can find the donor whenever required at right time.
 Enables the user to make a request for a specific blood type in a particular location.
After this the user can then select any donor from the list.
 The system allows the requesting user to send an email regarding his own information
alongside a personal message to the donor. After sending the email the requesting user
will then be allowed to see the donors contact information as well, thereby providing
two-way authentications.
 The system can view other people who have already registered, and he can search
donors by location or type
 Usage of this application will greatly reduce time in selecting the right donor.

 The system is able to generate pre-defined reports such as the list donors and hospitals.
 The records of all donors and their history are kept in one centralized database and thus
reducing duplicate data in the database. Donors can make blood donation in any blood
center and their records are maintained by the system.

1.6.2. Limitation
 The android mobile user will not be able to insert or view details if the server goes down.
Thus, there is disadvantage of single point failure.
 The system is requiring internet connection.
 Requires more programming code.
1.7. Significance of the project
 The system provides security features through username-password matching where only
authorized user can access the system with different authorization level.
 The records of all donors/recipient and their history are kept in one centralized database
and thus reducing duplicate data in the database. The record of donation is maintained by
the system
 This is because works can be done in more systematic and organized way when managing
the blood stock in blood banks.

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  The Blood Center administrator will be able to manage and coordinate the blood supply
among the blood banks of the hospitals and medical center more efficiently as they can
view the records of blood stocks in all participating hospitals.
 To provide dynamic database that is storing donors Information and can communicate with them
easily.

1.8. Work break down
A project work breakdown structure is a deliverable or product-oriented grouping of project work
elements shown in graphical display to organize and subdivide the total work scope of a project.
So, we have divided our documentation project within four chapters based on major tasks of the
project.

Chapter Two

2. System Requirement and Specification

2.1. Existing System
As per the information obtained from BLOOD BANK and HOSPITAL we had Understood the
following working system of blood banks.
There is growing need of blood, but one cannot produce blood in laboratory. Blood bank and
hospital are depending on the blood donated by the donors. So, to promote donors to donate blood.
Blood bank and hospital organize blood donation Camps, or one can call donors by calling them
by the Phone number provided by the donor in the form.
The existing system is the manual systemin which the donor first visits the hospital and checks for
following factors.
 Filling up the form
 Donating blood
 Searching record

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  Filling up the form: -The hospital provides a form which should be filled by the donor.
the donor fills up the appropriate information of the form. The employee in the hospital
checks the form whether information entered is correct or not and submit the form.
 Donating blood: -After the form has been submitted the hospital checks the blood samples
for any disease, if any disease is found the blood from that donor is not collected and if no
disease is found the blood from that donor is collected.
 Searching record:-In this if blood is required for a patient. The hospital will check
whether blood is available to them if not they search for donor in files. These
process is time consuming and requires more amount of time.
 However existing system has following drawbacks

The company use human power for awareness creation by organizing

clubs
They are using manual system.
Because of the lack of budget company does not using any
advertisements.
No use of Web Services and specially no use of mobile service.
Extra clerical works
Less Security.
Error handling is not efficient
More paper works
Time consuming
2.2. Proposed System
As we have seen that there is limitation in the existing system like there is more requirement of
manpower extra clerical work. Also, there are possibility of errors while entering the information.
So we have tried to implement a proposed system which is automated. In which we don’t have to
maintain separate record of different donors which was very tedious and time consuming in the
manual system. This system will be the solution for the problems such as wrong information of donors,
misuse by third parties and updating the donated blood by the donor which replaces the older systems.
 To Offer blood donor search based on the blood group and the Location.
 The system is used to intimate all the user with the emergency of the blood request.

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  The system is using GPS service for locating the hospitals, and blood donor to know if the seeker
is near to or not
 help them to complete the blood donation process with minimal effort and time.
 helps people receive notifications on urgent blood donation calls, know their eligibility to give
blood, search for the nearest blood center, and reserve a convenient appointment using temporal
and/or spatial information
 Some blood types are rare, so the system can find the required donors with the required blood type
easily from the huge database by using search feature in the website and android app.
 In this system people can explore for the required blood group very easily through internet,
if the requisite donor is available we will contact that person directly.
 The system is used by the patients and/or relatives of the patients to notify their blood requirements
and by the living donors to be aware of these requirements. The system consists of two kinds of
hardware:
 A cell phone with android OS where the android app is installed.
 A server and computer for the website and the database where the information will be
stored
The proposed system is a web based android application helps us to reduce the human mistakes which are
done in the existing system. This system is used to maintain information about Blood bank system. In this
project mainly 2 modules are there.
 Admin
 Users
2.2.1. Overview
The proposed system facilitates communication between blood donors and blood donation centers and
integrates the blood information dispersed among different blood donation centers and health organizations
across a country. Stakeholders will be able to use the BDS as an application installed on their smartphones
to help them complete the blood donation process with minimal effort and time. This application helps
people receive notifications on urgent blood donation calls, know their eligibility to give blood, search for
the nearest blood center, and reserve a convenient appointment using temporal and/or spatial information
ADVANTAGE
 Less time consuming and more efficient
 Human errors while entering information can be avoided
 Less or no stationary required
 Easy to operate

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2.2.2. Functional Requirement
Functional requirements of the proposed system are requirements that describe the interactions
between the new system and its environment independent of its implementation. The major
functionalities of the system are the following:
Login to the system and view announcement are mandatory for all users of the system.
1)Administrator: Responsible for managing system users.

 View all details: He can view all the details of all the members of the application.
 monitors the information related to donor and acceptor.
 Maintain donor details.
 Maintain acceptor details, etc.
 Authenticate hospitals, blood banks and NGO: If a hospital, blood bank or NGO wants
to become a part of the website, request must be approved by administrator.
 Verify: If a user requests blood from another user, the request is evaluated by administrator
and only then further proceedings can happen.

2) Organization (blood bank, hospital, NGO): They are the end users and have majority of
functionalities, provided they are authenticated.
 Search for donor by place: Blood banks can search for donors/users by state, city, blood
group and other such parameters.
 Provide points to blood donors: Whenever a donor donates blood to a blood bank and if
the donor is a user of the Application, his points are incremented.
 Post announcements/Start campaign:
 Update blood store: Whenever a donor donates blood to a blood bank, the blood bank
must update the blood store, the quantity of the concerned blood group must be
incremented.

3) Users or Account holders: They are the end users and have majority of functionalities,
provided they are authenticated.

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  Request blood from a particular donor: A blood donor can fill a form and request blood
from a specific donor, this form is verified by administrator.
 Request blood for relative: A blood donor can request blood for his relative from a
particular blood bank.
 Affiliate with an organization: A user can affiliate with an organization due to which he
will receive notifications from that organization.
 Attending or not attending an event: A user can choose to attend or nor attend an event
of an affiliated or non-affiliated organization.

4) Non-members: They are not authenticated members of the app.

 Sign up: A non -member can sign up and become a member of the application.

5) System Database: It stores all necessary and important information related to donor, acceptor
and patient. There will be an option for updating the information related to users which helps in
tracking and managing information.

6) Blood Donation App: An android application created for making request for blood by checking
the availability of the blood in different blood banks and for donating blood. It is also used for
searching the nearby banks and hospital.

2.2.3. Non-functional requirement

Nonfunctional requirements are requirements that do not directly affect the performance of the system.
These requirements relate to the technical aspects of the system that has to be addressed.
Some of the nonfunctional requirements of the proposed system are:
 Reliability: The proposed system will minimize failure during runtime, since more than one user
could use the system simultaneously.
 User interface: the system should have to provide interactive and easily manageable user interface
for the customers.
 Maintainability: The system should have to be developed for easy maintenance and future
expansions. The system has to be easily understandable for the customers and have to be easy for
maintenance.
 Robust: The system should stay well, if a single application failure happened.

2.3. Feasibility Study

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A feasibility study decides whether or not the proposed system is useful according to different
dimensions. It measures how much the proposed system is beneficial or practical at development
of the system. The feasibility factors of our project are: -
 Operational feasibility
 Economic feasibility
 Technical feasibility

Operational Feasibility
It measures how much the proposed system solves the existing system problems. This project is
surely operationally feasible because the proposed system is a good solution maker of the problem
and creates a good environment for user by providing user interactive and easily manageable
system for those of user within different platforms. And the proposed system is also used for blood
banks to manage easily the system of organization to solve the existing system within different
direction.
Economic Feasibility
Economic feasibility attempts to consider the costs of developing and implementing a new system,
against the benefits that would increases from having the new system in place. This feasibility
study outlines the economic justification for the new system.

A simple economic analysis which gives the actual comparison of costs and benefits are much
more meaningful in this case. In addition, this proves to be a useful point of reference to compare
actual costs as the project progresses.

Technical Feasibility:

Technical feasibility is the measure of the practicality of a specific technical solution and the
availability of technical resources. In technical feasibility we should notify that our proposed
system can implement with current technology and also the system user has enough experience
using that technology. Technical feasibility addresses three main things:
 Is the technology practical?
 Do we currently pass the necessary technology?
 The ability to do on the technologies.

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So we can say that our system is technically feasible because of three main reasons. The first one
is our project is compatible with the era that we are living in, that is information era. The second
reason is we can implement our system using current technology that is by using Adobe
Dreamweaver CC2017 for PHP development and Android Studio 3.0 for Android app
development and also for organizing our data we have MySQL database and for system design
we have EdrawMaxVersion 8.4. The last reason is customers cannot face additional load to be
familiar with the system.

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