Chapter V

LONGITUDINAL SHIP
STRENGTH CALCULATION

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 29 of 139

 V.2. Ship Principle
Dimension

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 30 of 139

Owner Requerement

To design of this ship, we have owner requerement as base of workmanship. The

following owner requirement can be determine as follow :
 Type of Ship : Barge
 DWT : 5500 ton

Estimation Calculation
First, we make estimation for principle dimension by using approach method. The
approach method as follow :
Displacement = LWT + DWT
= 1/5 Displacement + 4/5 Displacement
2/3 Displ = Displ - 1/5 Displ
5500 = 4/5 Displ
Displ = 6875 ton
Lwt = 1375 ton
Displacement = L . B . T. Cb. ρ
6875 = (L.B.T).1.1.025
(L.B.T) = 6875/1.025
= 6707.317

So, for first calculation we use estimation principle dimension, as follow :

L = 100,00 m
B = 16,00 m
T = 4,20 m
H = 6,00 m
LWT = 1375 m
Cb = 1,00
Disp = 688 ton

LWT Calculation
After we get estimation principle dimension. Then, we try to get real calculation.
First determine LWT, the calculation as follow :
Ship Shell
Surface area : 1(LxB) + 2(LxH) + 2( BxH)+2(LxBd)+2(LxH)
: 2(100x16.5) + 2(100x6) + 2(16x 6) + 2(100x2)+(100x3)
: 3992 m2

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 31 of 139

Plate thickness : 10 mm
: 0,01 m
Weight of Shell : Surface area x Plate Thickness x ρ steel
: 315.727 ton

Main Deck
Surface area : 2( L x Bd)
: 2 (16x2.15)
: 430 m2
Plate thickness : 10 mm
: 0,01 m
Weight of MD : Surface area x Plate Thickness x ρ steel
: 33.755 ton

Bridge Deck
Surface area : 2( Lba x Tba)
: 2 (94x3)
: 564 m2
Plate thickness : 10 mm
: 0,01 m
Weight of MD : Surface area x Plate Thickness x ρ steel
: 44.274 ton

Transverse Bulkhead
Surface area : 2( B x H)
: 2 (16x9)
: 288 m2
Plate thickness : 10 mm
: 0,01 m
Weight of Steel : Surface area x Plate Thickness x ρ steel
: 22,608 ton

Added Construction
Weight of Steel : 25 % LWT
: 25% x 1375
: 343,75 ton

Total LWT : 765 ton

From the calculation LWT, we can put the value of LWT to get value of Maximum
Draft. The calculation method, as follow :

Displacement = DWT + LWT

= 5500 + 765
= 6265 ton

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 32 of 139

Load Calculation
After we got the approximation principle dimension, now we calculated the load to
verification value of displacement. First, we divide ship into ten section then
calculate load distribution. The calculation metod, as follow :

Distance between section = LBP/10

= 10,00 m
Then, we assume weight distribution and buoyancy distributin spread on board :

Barge Volume = L x B x H x Cb
= 9600 m3

Load distribution calculation :

Distribution LWT = LWT / Vol

= 765/ 9600 ton/ m3
= 0,079 ton/ m3
Distribution DWT = DWT / Vol
= 5500/ 8928 ton/ m3
= 0,573 ton/ m3
Distributin Weight Force = 0,079 + 0,573 ton/ m3
=
0,653 ton/ m3

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 33 of 139

LWT+DWT and Loading
stasio q Average of q arm
n q LWT average of q LWT DWT DWT q tot (z) Moment
[ton] [ton] [ton] [ton] [ton]
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
AP 72.07 550
-
75.95 550 625.95 -50.00 31297.33
1 79.82 550
-
78.16 550 628.16 -40.00 25126.41
2 76.50 550
-
76.50 550 626.50 -30.00 18795.00
3 76.50 550
-
76.50 550 626.50 -20.00 12530.00
4 76.50 550
76.50 550 626.50 -10.00 -6265.00
5 76.50 550
76.50 550 626.50 10.00 6265.00
6 76.50 550
76.50 550 626.50 20.00 12530.00
7 76.50 550
76.50 550 626.50 30.00 18795.00
8 76.50 550
78.16 550 628.16 40.00 25126.41
9 79.82 550
76.50 550 626.50 50.00 31325.00
FP 73.18 550
6267.76712
767.77 5500 27.67
∑ 5

LCG = 0,00 m
Ship Weight = 6267 ton

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 34 of 139

Calculation Load

station Area [a(x)} load {w(x)}

[m^2] [ton/m]
[1] [2] [3]
ap 96 62.608032
1 108 70.434036
2 108 70.434036
3 108 70.434036
4 108 70.434036
5 108 70.434036
6 108 70.434036
7 108 70.434036
8 108 70.434036
9 108 70.434036
10 96 62.608032

Calculation Bouyancy

station Area [a(x)} Bouyancy {b(x)}

[m^2] [ton/m]
[1] [2] [3]
ap 67.2 68.88
1 67.2 68.88
2 67.2 68.88
3 67.2 68.88
4 67.2 68.88
5 67.2 68.88
6 67.2 68.88
7 67.2 68.88
8 67.2 68.88
9 67.2 68.88
10 67.2 68.88

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 35 of 139

Distribution of Buoyancy On Still Water

Stasion Area {a(x)} b(x) b(x) rata^2 b(x)*b Lengan Momen

[m^2] [ton/m] [ton/m] [ton] [m] [ton.m]
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [5]*[6]=[7]
AP 36 36.9
51.25 512.5 -50 -25625
1 64 65.6
65.6 656 -40 -26240
2 64 65.6
65.6 656 -30 -19680
3 64 65.6
65.6 656 -20 -13120
4 64 65.6
65.6 656 -10 -6560
5 64 65.6
65.6 656 10 6560
6 64 65.6
65.6 656 20 13120
7 64 65.6
65.6 656 30 19680
8 64 65.6
65.6 656 40 26240
9 64 65.6
51.25 512.5 50 25625
10 36 36.9
∑ 6273 ∑ 0

Value of area bouyancy force has change for all station to get the right correction.
So it change the shape of ship coefficient block from 1.00 to 0.96. following the
calculation of correction and 3D modelling to get coefficient block value will shown
bellow :

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 36 of 139

DWT Correction Calculation

3D Modelling and Value of Cb

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 37 of 139

New Ship Particulars

We get new principle dimension, as follow:

Length Over All = 100.00 m
Length of Water Line = 100.00 m
Length Perpendicular = 100.00 m
Breadth MLD = 18.00 m
Depth Max = 6.00 m
Draft design = 4.00 m
Coefficient Block = 0.96

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 38 of 139

 Lightweight
Weight = 765.00 ton
LCG = 50.00 m from AP
VCG = 3.20 m above BL
TCG = 0 m above BL
Deadweight
@ summer draft = 5500.00 ton
Displacement = 6265.00 ton

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 39 of 139

 V.2. Bending Moment
Calculation

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 40 of 139

On this section, we will calculate longitudinal ship strengh using SACS. Stability. The
following step will shown below :

V.2.1 Input Tank Definition

On this step we will define the potion of tank then visualisation the tank on 3D modelling.
Input of tank definition base on x,y,z axis, negative value on lenght definition mean direction
from AP to FP and negative value on breath definition mean position on port side. Here, the
input for tank definition :

Approximation o f Tank Definion

Before we input the data to Maxsurf, the tank position must has been aprroximated like
shown bellow :

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 41 of 139

Input of Tank Definiton on maxsurf

V.2.2 Loadcase
A load case defines how load patterns are applied (statically or dynamically), how
the structure responds (linearly or nonlinearly), and how analysis is performed
(through modal analysis, direct integration, etc.). In this case loadcase is how ship
divine into 10 section and definition of tank capacity. The following loadcase
shown bellow :

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 42 of 139

V.2.3. Graph Longitudinal Strength

V.2.4. Result Longitudinal Strength

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 43 of 139

From the result, we can conclude maximum moment has 6368,74 ton.m at midship section.

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 44 of 139

 V.3. Section Modulus
Calculation

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 45 of 139

V.3.1 Design Section Modulus
1. Calculated and Checked of Longitudinal Strenght of Ship
1.1. Stress Calculation
- Asummed the stress checking at still water condition.
From the moment and shear force on still water table, get the maximum of moment :
M"(x).max = 6368.74 Ton.m
= 636874480 Kg.cm

1.2. Permissible Stress calculation on BKI Rules

p = Tegangan Ijin [N/mm^2]
= Cs . p0 .
p0 = 175/k for L ≥ 90 m
Diketahui ;
Cs = 1 For 0,30 ≤x/L≤ 0,70

Sehingga,
p0 = 175/k
= 224.359 [N/mm^2]

p = Permissible stress [N/mm^2]

= 224.359 [N/mm^2]
Kg/Cm^
= 2289.377 2

1.3. Design stress vs permissible stress on rules BKI.

BKI gave the rules for pemissble stress on ship with requiretmen ;
 desain <  ijin
or,
Deck (Still Wate, Sagging, dan Hogging) <  p
Bottom (Still Water, Sagging dan Hogging) <  p

# in calculation just calculated in condition :

a. still water
b. the ship is bottom only (bottom and side)

Therefore ;
Design < permissible , or
permissible > Design
2289.377 > Mmax / W
==>> W> 278186.8 Cm^3

1.4. Moment inersia calculation on midship section.

In this section, we calculated the inersia moment on midship section where it has not
construction.

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 46 of 139

 1. Table of calculation inersia moment on midship section without construction

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 47 of 139

 2. Table of calculation inersia moment after being added with center girder.

3. Table of calculation inersia moment after being added with side girder.

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 48 of 139

 4. Table of calculation inersia moment after being added with side stringer

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 49 of 139

 5. Table of calculation inersia moment after being added with frame on bottom

6. Table of calculation inersia moment after being added with frame on side

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 50 of 139

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 51 of 139
The section modulus of a transverse section of a hull girder a midships, evaluated
by taking into account the longitudinally effective material.

Before we summary all modulus section on table and calculate. First ,we must
make the design all profils on midship section. Then calculate all dimension and
determine center of gravity for all profils on midship to get the inersia moment. On
this design, frame space determined by 0,5 meter to improve stiffness from barge.

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 52 of 139

V.3.2 Table Calculation of Section Modulus
Axis vs Center of Area Inersia Individu Inersia
quantit Total Gravity vs Moment Moment Moment
B H
y Bid. Horizontal Area Base
No Name
( cm ) ( cm ) (derajat) ( cm2 ) ( cm ) ( cm3 ) ( cm4 ) Ix cos2 a Iy sin2 a Io
2 3 3
[n] [b] [h] [a] [ AT ] [Z] [ AT x z ] [ AT x z ] [ Ix = 1/12 x b x h ] [ Iy = 1/12 x h x b ] [ Ix cos a + Iy sin2 a ]
2

1 Bottom Plate
Bottom plate 1 2 800 1,4 0 2240 0,60 1344,00 806,40 182,93 0,00 182,93
2 Side Plate
Side Plate 1 2 1,4 600,0 0 1680 300,00 504000,00 151200000,00 25200000,00 0,00 25200000,00
3 Deck Plate
Deck Plate 1 2 900 1,4 0 2520 600,00 1512000,00 907200000,00 205,80 0,00 205,80
Bottom
4 Stiffner
- Web 24 1,4 16 0 537,6 8,00 4300,80 34406,40 477,87 0,00 477,87
- Face 24 8 1,4 0 268,8 16,70 4488,96 74965,63 1,83 0,00 1,83
5 Bottom Girder
- Web 5 3,2 46 0 736 23,00 16928,00 389344,00 25956,27 0,00 25956,27
- Face 5 32 3,2 0 512 47,60 24371,20 1160069,12 87,38 0,00 87,38
6 Side Longi.
Side Longi. 1
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 600,00 24000,00 14400000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 600,00 12000,00 7200000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 2
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 550,00 22000,00 12100000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 550,00 11000,00 6050000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 3
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 450,00 18000,00 8100000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 450,00 9000,00 4050000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 4

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 29 of 139

 - Web 2 20 1 0 40 400,00 16000,00 6400000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 400,00 8000,00 3200000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 5
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 350,00 14000,00 4900000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 350,00 7000,00 2450000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 6
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 300,00 12000,00 3600000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 300,00 6000,00 1800000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 7
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 200,00 8000,00 1600000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 200,00 4000,00 800000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
Side Longi. 8
- Web 2 20 1 0 40 150,00 6000,00 900000,00 1,67 0,00 1,67
- Face 2 1 10 0 20 150,00 3000,00 450000,00 83,33 0,00 83,33
7 Side Stringer 1
- Web 2 3,2 46 0 294,4 250,00 73600,00 18400000,00 25956,27 0,00 25956,27
- Face 2 32 3,2 0 204,8 250,00 51200,00 12800000,00 87,38 0,00 87,38
Side Stringer 2
- Web 2 3,2 46 0 294,4 500,00 147200,00 73600000,00 25956,27 0,00 25956,27
- Face 2 32 3,2 0 204,8 500,00 102400,00 51200000,00 87,38 0,00 87,38
8 Deck Beam
- Web 24 1,2 13 0 374,4 443,50 166046,40 73641578,40 219,70 0,00 219,70
- Face 24 6,5 1,2 0 187,2 437,00 81806,40 35749396,80 0,94 0,00 0,94
9 Deck Girder
- Web 5 3,4 46 0 782 427,00 333914,00 142581278,00 27578,53 0,00 27578,53
- Face 5 30 3,4 0 510 404,00 206040,00 83240160,00 98,26 0,00 98,26
10534,4 2869685,76 1403450566,8 25279900,009

1 2 3 4

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 30 of 139

Comparing the results against allowable modulus

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 29 of 139

Chapter V INTACT STABILITY CALCULATION 30 of 139