32.1.3.12 CN - PD - 12 ZXUN TAS Product Description

ZXUN SSS Product
Description
ZXUN SSS Product Description

Version Date Author Reviewer Notes
© 2016 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used
without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to
change without notice.
ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ZXUN SSS Product Description .......................................................................................... 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS......................................................................................................... 2
1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 7
1.1 Network Structure of ZTE IMS system ................................................................. 7
1.2 Functions and Location of ZXUN SSS ................................................................. 8
1.3 Related Interfaces and Protocols ......................................................................... 9
2 Highlight Features ........................................................................................... 11

2.1 Large Capacity................................................................................................... 11
2.2 High Compatibility and Expansion Capabilities .................................................. 11
2.3 High Reliability ................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Support Legacy PSTN Service........................................................................... 12
2.5 Advanced Operation & Maintenance System ..................................................... 12
2.6 Advanced Traffic Control and Policy Management ............................................. 13
3 Functionality .................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Basic Services ................................................................................................... 14
3.2 Supplementary Service ...................................................................................... 15
3.2.1 Line Identification Services ................................................................................ 15
3.2.2 Communication Diversion Services .................................................................... 15
3.2.3 Call Barring Services ......................................................................................... 17
3.2.4 Call Completion Services ................................................................................... 19
3.2.5 N Party Service .................................................................................................. 21
3.2.6 One Number Link You (ONLY) Service .............................................................. 21
3.2.7 Other Services ................................................................................................... 22
3.3 IP Centrex Service ............................................................................................. 27
3.4 Built-in MRFC Function ...................................................................................... 29
3.5 License Control Function ................................................................................... 30
3.6 DNS Function .................................................................................................... 30
3.7 Service Provisioning Function ............................................................................ 31
3.8 Operation and Maintenance Function ................................................................ 32
3.9 Charging Function.............................................................................................. 33
3.9.1 Offline Charging ................................................................................................. 33
3.9.2 Online Charging ................................................................................................. 33
3.10 Geographic Redundancy Function ..................................................................... 34
3.11 Lawful Interception ............................................................................................. 35
3.12 Standard Attendant Function ............................................................................. 37
2 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

3.12.1 Console Call Functions ...................................................................................... 38

3.12.2 OAM Functions .................................................................................................. 40
3.12.3 Billing Functions ................................................................................................. 40
3.13 GWF .................................................................................................................. 41
3.14 Ut Interface ........................................................................................................ 41
3.15 IP-SM-GW ......................................................................................................... 43
3.16 SCC AS ............................................................................................................. 44
3.17 Virtualization ...................................................................................................... 45
4 ETCA System Architecture ............................................................................. 46

4.1 Product Physical Structure ................................................................................. 46
4.1.1 Rack Introduction ............................................................................................... 46
4.1.2 ETCA Shelf Introduction..................................................................................... 47
4.1.3 ETCA Hardware Architecture ............................................................................. 48
4.2 Software Architecture ......................................................................................... 53
5 Technical Specifications ................................................................................. 54

5.1 Physical Indices ................................................................................................. 54
5.2 Capacity ............................................................................................................. 55
5.2.1 Traffic Model ...................................................................................................... 55
5.2.2 Performance Indices .......................................................................................... 55
5.3 Power Supply..................................................................................................... 55
5.4 Weight ............................................................................................................... 56
5.5 Transmission ..................................................................................................... 56
5.6 Working Environment ......................................................................................... 56
5.6.1 Temperature and Humidity................................................................................. 56
5.6.2 Noise ................................................................................................................. 57
5.6.3 Lighting .............................................................................................................. 57
5.6.4 Air Cleanliness ................................................................................................... 57
5.6.5 Requirements for Cleanliness ............................................................................ 57
5.6.6 Insulation Resistance ......................................................................................... 58
5.6.7 Grounding Requirement ..................................................................................... 58
5.6.8 Over-Voltage and Over-Current Protection ........................................................ 58
5.6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility ............................................................................. 58
5.7 Reliability ........................................................................................................... 59
6 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................ 59

6.1 Configuration Management: ............................................................................... 59
6.2 Alarm Management............................................................................................ 60
6.3 Performance Management ................................................................................. 61
6.4 Security Management ........................................................................................ 61
6.5 Log Management ............................................................................................... 62

6.6 Diagnosis Test ................................................................................................... 62

6.7 Signaling Trace .................................................................................................. 62
6.8 Process Trace.................................................................................................... 62
7 Standards Compliance.................................................................................... 64
8 Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................... 67

FIGURES
Figure 1-1 ZTE IMS Multi-network Convergence Solution ................................................. 7

Figure 1-2 Location of ZXUN SSS in IMS Network.............................................................. 9
Figure 3-2 Diagram of the SSS built-in MFRC Function .....................................................30
Figure 3-3 ZXUN SSS Service Provisioning through Sh Interface ......................................31
Figure 3-4 ZXUN SSS Service Provisioning when Adopts Own User Data Center Module 31
Figure 3-5 ZXUN SSS Offline Charging Architecture .........................................................33
Figure 3-6 ZXUN SSS Online Charging Architecture .........................................................33
Figure 3-7 Lawful Interception Architecture ........................................................................35
Figure 3-8 IMS online charging Architecture ......................................................................41
Figure 3-9 Ut Interface Architecture ...................................................................................42
Figure 3-10 XCAP in Ut interface .......................................................................................42
Figure 3-11 Location of the IP-SM-GW ..............................................................................43
Figure 3-12 SRVCC Architecture .......................................................................................44
Figure 4-1 ZXUN SSS ETCA Platform Cabinet Appearance ..............................................47
Figure 4-2 Front Panel of ZXUN SSS ETCA Shelf .............................................................48
Figure 4-3 Rear Panel of ZXUN SSS ETCA Shelf ..............................................................48
Figure 4-4 Hardware Structure of ZTE ETCA Platform .......................................................49
Figure 4-5 ZXUN SSS Software Subsystem Architecture ..................................................53
TABLES
Table 1-1 Related Interfaces and Protocols of ZXUN SSS .................................................. 9

Table 3-1 Basic Services ...................................................................................................14
Table 3-2 Supplementary Services ....................................................................................15
Table 3-3 Call Forwarding Services ...................................................................................15
Table 3-4 Call Restriction Services ....................................................................................17

Table 3-5 Call Operation Services .....................................................................................19

Table 3-6 N PartyServices .................................................................................................21
Table 3-7 One Number Link You (ONLY) Service ..............................................................21
Table 3-8 Other Service .....................................................................................................22
Table 3-9 IP Centrex Service .............................................................................................27
Table 6-1 Dimension of the Rack .......................................................................................54
Table 6-2 Traffic Model ......................................................................................................55
Table 6-3 Performance Index.............................................................................................55
Table 6-4 Power Consumption ...........................................................................................55
Table 6-5 Temperature and Humidity Requirements ..........................................................56
Table 6-6 Reliability Index ..................................................................................................59

1 Overview
1.1 Network Structure of ZTE IMS system
ZTE IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) multi-network convergence solution covers all the
NEs defined by 3GPP, TISPAN, and 3GPP2, and provides a full range of equipments
from access layer, bearer layer, and service layer to user data layer, which includes IMS
core control equipment, user data management, AS (Application Server), interworking
equipment, media resource server, policy server, and OSS (Operation and Support
System) system, etc. Serving both fixed and mobile subscribers, ZTE IMS solution
supports convergence for each layer. This solution is a combined network convergence
and evolution solution.
Figure 1-1 ZTE IMS Multi-network Convergence Solution
Highlights of ZTE IMS total solution:
 It provides full IMS NEs, which include core control network, multimedia service
platform, integrated user database system, integrated access network, and
multimedia fixed and mobile network. It is an end to end one-stop solution.

 it strictly compliants with the standards, including 3GPP, TISPAN, 3GPP2, ITU-T,
OMA, etc.
 It is based on ZTE unified all-IP platform, support smooth evolution and protect
carrier investment.
 It supports FMC (Fixed Mobile Convergence) capability and provide integrated

unified service platform, unified user data management system, and unified core
network.
 It supports easy service creating environment, and powerful service providing

capability.
 It supports abundant access methods: WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, CDMA 2000

1X/EVDO, LAN/WLAN, WiMAX, CABLE, xDSL, GSM, Fixed and LTE.
 It provides customized capability: support abundant business models and

application scene. ZTE provides custom-oriented solution for personal, enterprise
and family subscriber, especially taking a leading role on IMS-based enterprise
application solution.
1.2 Functions and Location of ZXUN SSS
ZXUN SSS (Supplementary Service Server) provides all kinds of PSTN (Public Switched
Telephone Network)/ISDN analog services for IMS subscribers through interworking with
S-CSCF (Serving Call Session Control Function). In addition, ZXUN SSS provides
interfaces to HSS (Home Subscriber Server) and charging system, for querying
subscriber information and providing charging data.
ZXUN SSS complies with standards of 3GPP/3GPP2/TISPAN. It is mainly designed for

implementing IP Centrex & Supplementary Services such as call forwarding, caller ID
presentation and three-way calling for both fixed terminals and mobile terminals.
Besides basic point to point voice/video call service in IMS system, ZXUN SSS provides
IP Centrex, supplementary service, auto operator and other VAS. ZXUN SSS supports
offline/online charging, Lawful Interception and redundancy functions. ZXUN SSS also
provides the interconnection function with other application servers. For example, ZXUN

SSS integrates with voice mail server or Multimedia Ring Back Tone server to provide
corresponding service. ZXUN SSS also provides SIP interfaces to manual operator
service.
Figure 1-2 Location of ZXUN SSS in IMS Network
1.3 Related Interfaces and Protocols
Table 1-1 Related Interfaces and Protocols of ZXUN SSS
Interface NEs Protocol Description
ISC SSS CSCF SIP SIP signaling interworking

between SSS and CSCF.
It is based on UDP or
STCP.
Rf SSS CG Diameter Offline charging. It is

(Charging based on session or
Gateway) event.
Ro SSS OCS (Online Diameter Session based online

Charging charging.
System)

Sh/Dh SSS HSS (Home Diameter Data management

Subscriber interface between SSS
Server)/SLF and HSS/SLF.
(Subscription
Locator
Function)
Mp SSS MRFP H.248 Media control function

(MRFC: (Multimedia between SSS (MRFC) and
Multimedia Resource MRFP.
Resource Function
Function Processor)
Controller)
SOAP SSS BOSS SOAP Service provisioning

(Business & interface: SOAP interface.
Operating
Support
System)
CLI SSS Unified O&M Internal Internal MML

MML

2 Highlight Features
2.1 Large Capacity
ZXUN SSS adopts ZTE’s latest all-IP unified ETCA (Enhanced Tele-Communication
Computing Architecture) hardware platform, which adopts ATCA (Advanced
Tele-Communication Computing Architecture) standard. Because of ZTE ETCA’s
enhanced powerful processing capability and switching capacity, ZXUN SSS supports
maximum 20M subscribers.
2.2 High Compatibility and Expansion Capabilities
 Strictly designed in accordance with the 3GPP, 3GPP2, and TISPAN specifications,
rd
ZXUN SSS provides compatibility when interworking with the 3 party products that
comply with these standard specifications.
 Flexible expansion and application: ETCA architecture realizes flexible

configuration and smooth expansion according to the actual requirement, which
provides cost-effective solution and reduces TCO.
2.3 High Reliability
 Advanced flow volume control, route strategy, and network processor technology
ensure high security and reliability of the system.
 Layer/module design and fault tolerance technology are adopted for the software
architecture.
 System operation surveillance/tracing and resource management / monitor /

protection mechanism are adopted, which help quickly find and locate failure and
recover to normal status.
 Independent user data storage method: ZXUN SSS supports user data
redundancy.
2.4 Support Legacy PSTN Service
ZXUN SSS provides PES service to traditional fixed users, ensuring the same service
experience for them. In addition, ZXUN SSS supports multimedia, voice and Internet
convergent services.
2.5 Advanced Operation & Maintenance System
 ZXUN SSS adopts the Browser/Server architecture. It is Web based and there is no
need to install software on the client. The routine OMM operation is implemented
from all the mainstream browsers, which brings better experience to users. It avoids
the problem that all clients need to upgraded when system software is updated.
 ZXUN SSS provides remote and local access modes for the operation and
maintenance. The maintenance object can be the whole system or specific entity.
 ZXUN SSS adopts multi-level authority protection to ensure high security.
 ZXUN SSS provides abundant functions such as performance measurement, traffic

statistics, security management, service observation, user or equipment tracing,
signaling tracing, data configuration, version upgrade, alarm, load, data backup and
transmission. ZXUN SSS provides reliability and efficient operation and
maintenance measures and new functions are added according to the actual
network running status and operator’s requirement.
 ZXUN SSS provides friendly management interface with flexible networking and
abundant functions.

2.6 Advanced Traffic Control and Policy Management
ZXUN SSS supports four threshold levels for traffic control and policy management. The
threshold and detection period are configurable, which provides efficient methods to
control traffic for the operators.
Traffic control function monitors CPU usage rate. The user session requests are
restricted based on specific proportion when exceeding preconfigured threshold.
ZXUN SSS supports four classes for load control of CPU usage rate. The four thresholds
and the restriction rate are configurable. The CPU detection interval and times are also
configurable within one detection period.
The methods that support traffic control include: INVITE, MESSAGE, PUBLISH, REFER,
REGISTER, and SUBSCRIBE.

3 Functionality
ZXUN SSS as an IMS AS complies with standards of 3GPP/3GPP2/TISPAN. It is mainly
designed for implementing IP Centrex & Supplementary Services such as call forwarding,
caller ID, three-way calling, etc, providing PES/PSS for both fixed terminals and mobile
terminals. ZXUN SSS brief descriptions are as follows.
3.1 Basic Services
Table 3-1 Basic Services
Service Description
Normal point-to-point voice call, including

point-to-point voice calls between IMS
subscribers, and point-to-point voice calls
P2P Voice Service
between IMS subscriber and other network
subscriber (such as: PSTN, SS, R4, GSM,
etc.)
Announcement of abnormal P2P voice call ,

Abnormal
i.e., voice prompt for the caller in
Announcement of P2P
circumstances of busy, unregistered, no reply,
Basic Voice Call
empty number, unreachable, etc.
Normal point-to-point video call and it is only

P2P Video Service
for IMS domain subscribers.
Announcement of abnormal point-to-point

Abnormal
video call, i.e., voice prompt for the caller in
Announcement of P2P
circumstances of busy, unregistered, no reply,
Basic Video Call
empty number, unreachable, etc.

3.2 Supplementary Service
3.2.1 Line Identification Services
The following table lists identification presentation service of ZXUN SSS.
Table 3-2 Supplementary Services
Service Description
It is provided to the callee side: the

Originating Identification
incoming call number or caller’s name is
Presentation (OIP)
displayed to the callee.
It is provided to the caller side: After

subscribing OIR service. The caller’s
Originating Identification
identification is not presented to the callee
Restriction (OIR)
even the callee has subscribed the OIP
service.
The caller’s number or identification still

OIR Override will be presented to the callee even the
caller has subscribed the OIR service.
Originating Name The caller’s name (preconfigured) is

Presentation presented to the callee.
Terminating Identification It is provided to the caller side: Callee’s

Presentation (TIP) identification is presented to the caller.
It is provided to the callee side: The

Terminating Identification
callee’s identification is not displayed to
Restriction (TIR)
the caller after subscribing the service.
The callee’s number or identification is still

TIR Override presented to the caller even the callee has
subscribed the TIR service.
3.2.2 Communication Diversion Services
Table 3-3 Call Forwarding Services
Service Description
Communication Automatically forwards incoming call to

Diversion(CDIV) another target based on callee’s

pre-configuration. There are 4 5 types of
services are provided:
Communication Forwarding Unconditional
(CFU)
Communication Forwarding Busy (CFB)
Communication Forwarding No Reply
(CFNR)
Communication Forwarding on Not
Logged-in (CFNL)
Communication Forwarding on Subscriber
Not Reachable (CFNRc)
It is triggered during the session

establishment (INVITE has been sent to
terminal, but not answered). It depends on
Communication Deflection
the user to make the decision: forward or
not and what kind of forwarding. It
supports CFU, CFB and CFNRy.
Callee configures 2 forwarding numbers:

Communication Forwarding A and B. When callee is busy, the
Busy to Two Parties incoming call is forwarded to A, and it is
be forwarded to B if A is busy as well.
Implicit CF includes 4 types of CF: Call

forward on no-reply, Call forward on busy,
Implicit Communication Call forward on offline and Call forward on
Forwarding unreachable. All 4 types of CF are
activated when user subscribes implicit
call forward service.
The Communication Forwarding service

includes CFU, CFB, CFNR, CFNL and
CFNRc.
This feature supports to configure the
Communication Forwarding policy for
Selective Communication
each Communication Forwarding service,
Forwarding
so that the incoming call can be forwarded
to the target number defined by the user.
When the incoming call matches the
preset Communication Forwarding policy,
the SSS forwards the call to a target

number. If the incoming call does not

match any policy, it is processed as an
ordinary call.
The Communication Forwarding policy is
based on time, media and calling number.
Using this feature, the operator assigns

target numbers to the user, including the
Controlled Communication voice platform number, operator number
Forwarding and assigned number. Only one of three
numbers can be activated at the same
time.
The Communication Diversion Notification

(CDIVN) service allows the SSS to notify
CDIVN the user of the CDIV service when the
user subscribes to the CDIV and the SSS
executes this service for the user.
If the user subscribes to the

Communication Forwarding service and
Barring of Communication
then activates this service, the non-toll call
Forwarding of the Incoming
is forwarded while the toll call is forbidden.
Toll Call
This feature has to work with the
Communication Forwarding service.
3.2.3 Call Barring Services
Table 3-4 Call Restriction Services
Service Description
The operator restricts some certain types
Incoming Communication of incoming calls towards some user, such
Barring by Call Type as domestic toll call, local call, toll-free
call, information service center call, etc.
This function is provided to the caller and

operator, and it is used to restrict some
types of outgoing call, such as domestic
Outgoing Communication
toll call, information desk call，international
Barring by Call Type
distance call, call to specific region, local
call, toll-free call, information service
center call, etc.

The user configures incoming blacklist to

restrict the incoming call. The incoming
Blacklist for Incoming Call
call on the blacklist will be forbidden. The
list contains multiple numbers.
The user configures incoming whitelist to

restrict the incoming call. The incoming
Whitelist for Incoming Call call of the number in the whitelist will be
allowed. The list contains multiple
numbers.
The user configures outgoing blacklist to

restrict the outgoing call, which is that the
user is not allowed to dial the number in
Blacklist for Outgoing Call
the blacklist. The user chooses to
configure either outgoing whitelist or
outgoing blacklist.
The user configures outgoing whitelist to

restrict the outgoing call, which is that the
Whitelist for Outgoing Call user is allowed to call the number in the
whitelist. The user chooses to configure
either outgoing whitelist or blacklist.
The common black and white lists include

four services: incoming call black list,
incoming call white list, outgoing call black
list and outgoing call white list. These
services are only matched by the number
Selective Black List and range.
White List This feature separately configures
matching policy for four black and white
lists services. Besides the number range,
the new matching policy is based on call
ratio, media (all type of media or voice or
video) and time.
This feature supports to restrict the

incoming and outgoing call barring
services by the call type.
This feature separately configures the
Selective Call Barring
barring policy for user incoming call
barring and outgoing call barring. The new
barring policy is based on call percentage,
media (all types of media or voice or

video) and time period.
ZXUN SSS rejects anonymous incoming

Anonymous Communication call and sends the error message back to
Rejection (ACR) the caller, which indicates that the callee
rejects the call.
DND: Incoming calls are restricted.

Limited DND: Incoming calls are restricted
during a specific time.
Do Not Disturb
But DND is invalid if the caller has
enabled the “service set overriding”
feature.
Incoming Communication ZXUN SSS rejects the call when the user
Barring - Carriers Controlled is being called.
Outgoing Communication ZXUN SSS rejects the call when the user
Barring - Carriers Controlled tries to make call.
3.2.4 Call Completion Services
Table 3-5 Call Operation Services
Service Description
User holds one ongoing talk, and resumes

Communication HOLD
it later.
This service allows a subscriber in

conversation to be notified of incoming
calls. The subscriber can select to accept
Communication Waiting
or ignore this waiting call. After accepting
the call, the subscriber switches
conversation between these two calls.
When user A (caller) and B (callee) are in

dialogue, A is held and another user C is
Call Transfer
dialed by B. Later user A and C converse
and B quits.
When callee is busy, caller dials special

Completion of code and hangs up. Later when ZXUN
Communications to Busy SSS detects callee is idle, it automatically
Subscriber (CCBS) originates the call for both caller and
callee to establish the session.

User A subscribes to CCNR service, A

calls B, but B does not reply, A dials the
Completion of access code after hearing the service
Communications by No Reply tone and then hangs up after hearing the
(CCNR) success indication tone. The system
automatically calls A and B if it detects
both sides are idle.
When the user misses a call on busy,

ZXUN SSS calls the user later when he is
idle. The user hooks off and hears a voice
Notification to Busy notification which says “you have a
Subscriber missed call which number is xxxx, press 1
for dial-back”. After the user press 1,
ZXUN SSS automatically connects the
call.
After the user misses a call on no reply,

the user’s binding cell phone receives a
voice notification or a SMS notification.
The voice notification is like “you have a
Notification by No Reply
missed call which number is xxxx, press 1
for dial-back”. After the user presses 1,
ZXUN SSS automatically connects the
call.
The user presets a hotline number

through the business office first.
After the user hooks off, the terminal
automatically sends a request (the
callee’s number is hotline service access
Instant Hotline
code). ZXUN SSS receives the request,
judges if the user has subscribed to the
instant hotline service, then check the
database to obtain the pre-set hotline
number and then sends the request.
The user pre-sets a hotline number

through the business office first.
After the user hooks off and does not dial
Delay Hotline within 5 seconds, the terminal
automatically sends a request (the
callee’s number is hotline service access
code). ZXUN SSS receives the request,

judges if the user has the instant hotline

service, obtains the pre-set hotline
number and then sends the request.
3.2.5 N Party Service
Table 3-6 N PartyServices
Service Description
When user A talks with user B, A dials

user C without stopping the dialogue with
B and can realize three-party dialogue or
talk to both B and C. The dialogue is not
N Party(nPTY)
stopped if B or C quits, but the moderator
A’s quit leads to the end of the talk.
Allowed participants list ranges from 3 to 6
persons.
The Enhanced Conference strengthens

the original multiparty service and
provides stronger conference service.
This feature has two operation methods:
The service user subscribes to the
Enhanced Conference conference reservation and the SSS
invites all the members into the
conference in a specified time.
The service user initiates an instant
conference, which supports adding
conference members in batch.
3.2.6 One Number Link You (ONLY) Service
Table 3-7 One Number Link You (ONLY) Service
Service Description
After subscribing ONLY service, user has

One Number Link You several terminal numbers bound (number
(ONLY) A, B, C, etc.), and chooses one of them
(for example: number A) as public

number. A is the main number of ONLY.

Caller ONLY means caller makes call from
anyone of the 4 bound terminals, but only
the main number (number A) is presented
to callee.
Callee ONLY means all the bound
terminals ring simultaneously or in
sequence if main number (for example:
Number A) is being called.
3.2.7 Other Services
Table 3-8 Other Service
Service Description
User queries time by dialing special

Report of Time(RT)
access code.
Users dial special code to inquire current

Self Number Reporting
terminal’s E.164 number.
Terminal rings at assigned time to remind

Wake Up Service
user.
It is provided for the caller. When setting

the service, the caller still successfully
dials the called party in a normal way,
Communication Override even though the called party has set the
call forwarding or no disturbing service. At
this time, the call forwarding or no
disturbing service is invalid.
Users realize dialing real destination code

Abbreviated Dialing
by dialing “**abbreviation code”.
When this service is activated, other users

Absent Subscriber Service hear tone like: “the number you dial is not
answering, please dial later”.
For the permanent MCID, each incoming

Malicious Communication call is recorded. The recorded call
Identification (MCID) information includes: Caller number,
Permanent Mode Caller URL, Callee number, Callee URL
and Call time.

MCID-Temporary Mode MCID has two modes: permanent and

temporary modes. Permanent mode is to
perform malicious communication record
for all the incoming calls. Temporary mode
is to perform malicious communication
record after the call is connected.
For the temporary mode MCID, when the
call is connected, if wanting to trace the
caller identification, the callee indicates
ZXUN SSS to record the alarm
information of malicious call with a
specific operation. The callee receives a
voice notification, for example “The caller
number you traced is xxxxxx.”
Ring Back Tone (RBT) Only when the callee subscribes to RBT
service can the caller hear RBT when
calling the callee.
Fax Service The user decides whether to subscribe to

the fax service or not. The user who does
not subscribe to this service is not allowed
to initiate a fax call (T.30 and T.38 fax
media are carried in the communication
media). Besides, this user is not allowed
to initiate the following two calls:
The user sets up a voice or video call first,
and then initiates a fax call switchover
which is using the fax media to initiate the
media switchover.
Video Service Control The user who subscribes to video service

initiates a video call. The user who does
not subscribe to the video service is on
the contrary.
New Number Announcement This service is controlled by the operator.

User A’s number is changed. When
people call A, there are four processing
modes.
Play an announcement to indicate the
user about the new number and release
the call.

Call the new number directly.

Play an announcement to indicate that the
target number is changed, and call the
new number.
Play an announcement to indicate the
new number and connect the new number
Advice of Charge The Advice Of Charge (AOC) service

notifies the UE about the charging
information. The SSS supports the AOC in
three scenarios:
a) AOC-S, AOC at call Set-up time
The AOC-S allows the user to receive the
charging tariff at the call set-up.
b) AOC-D, AOC During the call
The AOC-D allows the user to receive
generated charging information during the
call.
c) AOC-E, AOC at the End of the call
The AOC-E allows the user to receive the
charging information generated by the call
at the end of the call.
The user can have three AOCs at the
same time.
Random Switch The random switch allows the user to

switch the call to a three-way call or
forward the call to other user when he is
already in a two-way call.
Authorization Code For the specific type of calls, such as the

intra-Centrex call, local call, domestic toll
call and international toll call, after dialing
the number, the user needs to type a
correct authorization code to connect the
call.
Call Park Extend This feature allows a user to suspend the

current call and then forward the
suspended call to a new phone, by dialing
the Call Park Extend access code and
Call Park Extened service user number on
another phone. The SSS plays an

announcement for the parked user.
Distinctive Ringing The distinctive ringing service is a callee

side service, which allows the user to hear
different types of ringings. The ringing
type depends on the ringing mode defined
by the user.
1 Distinctive ringing for the
intra-Centrex and out-Centrex call: The
user judges whether the caller is from or
out of the Centrex by the ringing tone.
2 Distinctive ringing by incoming call
type (intra-Centrex, local call, domestic
toll call and international toll call): The
user judges whether it is an intra-Centrex
call, local call, domestic toll call or
international call by the ringing tone.
3 Distinctive ringing by the caller: The
user registers several users URIs. When
these users call the service user, the
service user hears special ringing tones.
4 Distinctive ringing by the callee: The
service user registers several users URIs,
separately as his number. When the caller
calls different called numbers, the service
user hears special ringing tones.
Carrier Pre-Selection The user who subscribes to the carrier

pre-selection service just needs to dial the
called number to select the carrier, without
dialing the carrier prefix.
Redial the Last Number This is a calling side service. After the
Called user hooks off and dials the specific
access code, the SSS directly redials the
last called number.
Redial the Last Caller This is a calling side service. After the
Number user dials the specific access code to
initiate a call, the SSS directly routes the
call to the last caller.
Remote Control It allows the user to configure his service

information remotely, such as on other's

phone set.
Closed User Group This feature supports several users to

compose a special group, which is called
the Closed User Group (CUG). One user
participates in several CUGs at the same
time.
Several inter-group/intra-group users are

defined into one new group, which is
called hunt group. The operator assigns
one number for the group, which is called
hunt group number. This number is similar
to pilot line number or PSI.
When people call the pilot line number of
the hunt group or a intra-group user’s
number, the system selects a user within
the group to answer the call according to
Hunt Group
the strategy (sequence, priority, circle,
random, idle or simultaneous). When the
first user fails to answer, the system
selects the next user based on the
strategy until someone answers the
incoming call or the call is overtime. The
call failure reason can be: busy (network
busy or user busy), unreachable, no reply,
unregistered, incoming call restriction,
callee rejection, etc.
The call barring group is considered as

the global outgoing call black and white
lists. The system defines several call
barring groups, with each group
containing several numbers (supporting
characters including *, ＃ , ABCD). But
unlike black and white lists, the number in
Call Barring Group
each call barring group is in either
accepting mode or barring mode. This
mode is configured with the number,
rather than the call barring group. That is,
some numbers in the group belong to the
black list while others belong to the white
list.

3.3 IP Centrex Service
Refer to the following table for the IP Centrex service supported by ZXUN SSS.
Table 3-9 IP Centrex Service
Service Description
When the caller and callee are in the same

Intra-group Long group, the caller can dial the calleems long
Number Call number or SIP UserName to communicate
normally.
When the caller and callee are in the same

Intra-group Short
group, the caller can dial the calleems long
Number Call
number or SIP UserName to commun
Intra-Group Outgoing Intra-Group Outgoing Call allows the intra-group

Call users to call the inter-group users.
Inter-group Incoming Inter-group incoming call allows the inter-group

Call user to call the intra-group user.
When the black/whitelist is configured for the

group, all the intra-group users are not allowed
to call the blacklist numbers, or only allowed to
call the whitelist numbers.
Group Black/Whitelist If both the personal and group black/whitelist
are configured, the call is rejected if its number
belongs to one of the two blacklists. The call is
passed when its number belongs to both of the
two whitelists.
Configurable OIP
OIP mode can be configured for the outgoing
Mode of Outgoing
group call.
Group Call
Configurable OIP
Different OIP modes can be configured for the
Mode of Intra-group
intra-group call.
Call
For the call between the groups or between the

Configurable OIP
inter-group and intra-group user, SSS supports
Mode of Inter-group
configuring different OIP modes on the callee
Incoming Call
call is

PAS allows service user A to appoint user B

(personal attendant) to handle all the incoming
Personal Attendant
calls for A. The attendant should have the call
Service (PAS)
transfer authority; otherwise, he can not transfer
the call to A.
User B and user C are in the same group. When

B is talking with A (intra-group or inter-group
Call Park user), B holds A, then C talks with A by a
specific operation and B leaves the call at the
same time.
B and A are in the same centrex group and user

B subscribes to “Intra-Group Directed Call
Intra-Group Directed Pickup Service”. When A does not answer the
Call Pickup Service incoming call (including intra-group call and
inter-group call), B answers it from his own
phone by a specific operation.
User A and B are in the same centrex group,

and user B subscribes to “Dedicated Call
Dedicated Call Pickup Service”. When A does not answer the
Pickup Service incoming call (including intra-group call and
inter-group call), B answers from his own phone
by a specific operation.
Some inter-group users can have charging

Outer Group Relative
discount when communicating with the
Numbers Group
intra-group user.
Configuration of
This feature is a called side service that allows
Calling Number
the callee to define a calling number display
Display Mode for the
mode for intra-Centrex calls.
Intra-Centrex Call
This feature enables the SSS to play an

announcement for the caller if the caller calls the
Away Greeting
service user during the non-working time. This
feature applies to the normal and Centrex user.
Automatic attendant is also called voice

attendant or PC attendant. When the user calls
Auto Attendant
the automatic attendant, ZXUN SSS performs
(Voice/PC Attendant)
second number receiving by analog voice so as
to connect the call to the destination user.

This feature allows the intra-Centrex user to

Simple Attendant register or deregister himself as the attendant of
Console the simple attendant console via phone
activation.
Line Identification
Same as Supplementary Service
Services
Communication
Diversion Services
Call Barring Services Same as Supplementary Service
Call Completion
Services
N Party Service Same as Supplementary Service
One Number Link

You (ON LY) Service
Other Services Same as Supplementary Service
3.4 Built-in MRFC Function
ZXUN SSS has the built-in MRFC function. It interacts with MRFP through H.248
protocol to provide the following function:
 Normal ring back tone or connect failure announcement playing.
 Digit number collection controlling (PC voice operator).
 Multiparty voice service.
 En/Decode transformation function. It implements encoding/decoding function

when codec negotiation fails between caller and callee from different domains. It
supports codec transformation between traditional fixed network, GSM network and
CDMA network.

Figure 3-1 Diagram of the SSS built-in MFRC Function
ZXUN SSS
(MFRC)
SIP H.248
S-CSCF MRFP
3.5 License Control Function
ZXUN SSS provides license control function.
License function controls subscription user quantity, Centrex group quantity, user
quantity within each group and service oriented user quantity. For example, the total
amount of the users that subscribe the CFU service is controlled
3.6 DNS Function
The DNS module of ZXUN SSS supports DNS processes tracing, A/AAAA queries, DNS
standard required SRV query mechanisms and target selection based on load-sharing or
sequential choosing mechanism according to SRV query results.
ZXUN SSS supports multiple DNS Servers configuration. Multiple DNS Servers possess
different access priorities. When the high-priority DNS Server fails, SSS automatically
switches to the low-priority DNS Server; when the high-priority DNS Server recovers,
SSS automatically switches back to the high-priority DNS Server.
ZXUN SSS also supports sequential DNS policy choice. The policy is to visit all the DNS
links with the same priority.

3.7 Service Provisioning Function
ZXUN SSS supports standard Sh interface, which is used to save user data and service
data in HSS transparently. It is shown in the following figure:
Figure 3-2 ZXUN SSS Service Provisioning through Sh Interface
SOAP/MML MML Sh
HSS
BOSS
Interface Machine ZXUN SSS
ZXUN SSS provides user data center module to save user data and service data when
the operator does not provide Sh interface. It is shown in the following figure:
Figure 3-3 ZXUN SSS Service Provisioning when Adopts Own User Data Center
Module
SOAP/MML MML Interior User Data

Interface Center
Module
BOSS
Interface Machine ZXUN SSS

3.8 Operation and Maintenance Function
ZXUN SSS accesses IMS unified OMC through MML, SNMP and FTP methods. It
realizes functions such as: performance and failure management, version management,
configuration management, performance statistic, signaling tracing, failure statistic and
log management.
The functions are listed as below:
 Security Management: It includes user creation, deletion and modification, user

authority configuration and modification.
 Configuration Management: It configures/manages NE’s resource, which provides

creation/deletion/modification function for all resources.
 Failure Management: Check current/historic alarm, deactivate alarm, alarm box,

alarm filter and alarm rack location.
 Software Management: File upload and software version management.
 Log Management: System log, Operation log, Log query, and Log deletion.
 Performance Statistic: Task management, Centralized store, Collect and Process,

Performance query, Performance analysis, and Threshold task management.
 Data Backup and Restore: Timing backup/restore function. Various formats are
supported such as txt, xml, and excel and the backup file is easily edited.
 Diagnosis Tools: Signaling trace, Failure analysis, Security variable, Probe

management and Dynamic data management.
 Telnet Login: User accesses O&M client through telnet client.
 Alarm Forwarding: Alarm information is forwarded to the engineer via E-Mail or

SMS.
 Signaling Tracing: It provides SIP and Diameter protocol signaling tracing.

3.9 Charging Function
ZXUN SSS provides both Rf and Ro interfaces to realize offline and online charging
function.
The AVP is flexibly extended to realize customized charging requirement.
3.9.1 Offline Charging
Figure 3-4 ZXUN SSS Offline Charging Architecture
Rf Ga Bi
ZXUN SSS CDF CGF BOSS
(MRFC)
ZXUN SSS adopts Diameter protocol to send offline charging information to the CDF
through standard Rf interface. It generates interim CDR during a session and sends the
CDR via ACR [Interim] message. The interim CDR is generated based on call duration,
media update, etc.
CDF and CGF differentiate the CDRs and combine the related CDRs, then generate the
corresponding CDR and send it to the billing center.
3.9.2 Online Charging
Figure 3-5 ZXUN SSS Online Charging Architecture
Ro Bo Billing
ZXUN SSS OCS
Domain
ZXUN SSS reports online charging information to OCS via Diameter protocol through
standard Ro interface.

ZXUN SSS supports session based charging and the CDRs are described as below:
 Generates “Initial” CDR when receives “INVITE” message.
 Generates “Update” CDR when receives “200 OK” response for the “INVITE”
message.
 Generates “Update” CDR when receives “RE-INVITE” message.
 Generates “Terminate” CDR when receives “BYE” message.
3.10 Geographic Redundancy Function
AS Names are assigned to user’s IFC and two IP addresses are assigned to each AS
Name, so S-CSCF obtains two SSS address with different priorities.
S-CSCF sends register or session requests to SSS 1 (Assume SSS 1 is with higher
priority than SSS 2), and SSS 1 is considered as failure when S-CSCF does not receive
the expected response message within the preconfigured time. Then S-CSCF chooses
the lower priority SSS 2 based on DNS SRV query result, and the register or session
requests is sent to SSS 2, which realizes the SSS handover.
When detecting that SSS1 is available by “Option” message, S-CSCF forwards further
register or session requests to SSS1 to implement the switch back.
The master SSS and slave SSS are configured as either 1:0 or 1:1 based on the HSS
provisioning strategy. For both the two modes, the two SSSs should support all the users’
capacity.
 1:1 mode: Load sharing----which means each SSS is designed to support the whole
capacity of all the users, but actually only half of the total capacity is being carried
on each of them in case of redundancy.
 1:0 mode: Hot/Standby mode----which means in normal situation, only one of the
SSS is under operation, the slave one is in idle status.
For both the two modes: When SSS 1 fails, SSS 2 will take over all the service of the
system.

3.11 Lawful Interception
According to the requirement raised by the country and regional law, the carrier and
device operator provide the LI function to ensure country and citizen’s safety.
The law enforcement agency (LEA) performs LI to monitor user behaviour and the
Content of Communication (CC), which both parties of the communication are unaware.
User behaviour includes: registration, deregistration, call initiation, call answer, dialing
during the call, call release, play announcements, service activation, service execution,
etc. CC means what the user hears and talks and should be reported to the LEA
LI has H1,H2 and H3 interfaces. H1 interface is used for the LEA to send the LI
command. H2 interface reports user behaviour to the LEA. H3 interface reports CC
(media stream) to the LEA.
ZXUN SSS provides X1, X2 and X3 interfaces to the LI gateway (LIG) that adapts the
LEA.
The SSS uses X1 interface to receive the LI command sent by the LEA. When a
specified user starts a call, the SSS uses X2 interface to report all the call events and
uses X3 interface to duplicate the media stream to the LEA.
Figure 3-6 Lawful Interception Architecture
LEA
H1\H2
LIG
X1\X2
SSS
sip sip
UE_A UE_B
For the X3 interface, the SSS supports two lawful interception modes:

 The SSS controls the MRFP in lawful interception of media streams by directly
duplicating the RTP media.
There are two modes: 1) Receiving is separated from transmitting; 2) Receiving is

integrated with transmitting. For the first mode, the MRFP mixes the audio of the
upstream and downstream and then sends the mixed audio to the LEA. For the
second mode, the MRFP sends the upstream and downstream to the LEA
respectively.
 The calling subscriber and called subscriber can be monitored simultaneously, or

different subscribers are monitored respectively.
Media can be duplicated for the audio streams.
The X3 interface provided by the SSS or MRFP sends the duplicated media to the
LEA in the CS domain through the MGC or MGW.
LEA
H3
X3-signal MGCF/MGW
SSS X3-media
MRFP RTP
RTP
UE_A UE_B
The SSS obtains the media addresses of the upstream channel and downstream
channel through the LIG, and then sends the media addresses to the calling subscriber
and called subscriber respectively. As a result, the calling subscriber and called
subscriber are connected to the media port of the LIG respectively, and the LIG
duplicates media internally and sends the duplicated media to the LEA.

LEA
H3
X3-signal
LIG
SSS
RTP RTP
UE_A UE_B
3.12 Standard Attendant Function
AS a module of SSS, ASU provides standard attendant functions such as voice, queuing
and group call services. ASU also support console call function, OAM function and billing
function. ASU system is mostly applied in group users, such as hotel, school, factory and
office, etc.
The network structure of the ASU module is shown in following figure.

Figure 3-7 Location of ASU module in the IMS network
ZXUN SSS
IP Centrex sunsystem Billing
HSS Server
Attendant Service Unit (ASU) CCF
Call Service Billing Hotel
Control Management Function Agent
CSCF SBC
ASU Client
Call Service
Billing Hotel
control management
client agent
client client
Hotel PMS
System
3.12.1 Console Call Functions

 Queuing Function: ASU OPR console provides calling queuing function for the
standard and simple console, which ensures round-robin allocation, shortest
queue first allocation, console priority allocation, and incoming call priority
allocation rules.
 Distinguishing Display: For intra-group call or out-group call, the console will
have distinguishing display. If the incoming call has different priority, the
console will have different color display.
 Play Tone: The ASU has set the greetings tone. When a user calls the ASU
console, the user will hear a greetings tone. If all the operators are busy, the
user will hear a queuing tone.
 Handle Calls: The intra-group user or out-group user can call the ASU console,
and the console will accept and handle the call.
 Outgoing Calls from OPR Console: The OPR console can make outgoing calls
to the intra-group user or out-group user.

 Hold and Restore Calls: When speaking with a user, an operator is able to
handle other calls by holding the current call. And the operator can restore the
call later.
 Transfer the Call: After handling incoming calls, an operator is able to input
other number to transfer the incoming call to other number.
 Forward the Calls to Other Console: After handling incoming calls, operator A is
able to forward the incoming call to operator B.
 Insert into a Call: If a called user is busy when an operator is making an

outgoing call or transferring a call, the operator can insert the conversation,
then the operator and both parties of the call enter into a three-party call.
 Monitoring the Voice: If a called user is busy when an operator is making an

outgoing call or transferring a call, the operator can monitor the conversation
while the user cannot hear the operator.
 Forced release: User A is talking with user B, then, an operator calls user A,
who is busy. The operator can choose “forced release” option, and the call
between user A and user B will be dropped.
 Emergency Override Call: An operator with privilege of emergency override is

able to override registering forward service, no-disturb service, absent service
and direct call.
 Second Dial: When an operator calls out, for example, calls one computer
console, the operator needs to dial the extension number. The ASU supports
the second dialing.
 Simple Console Function: The ASU can designate some simple consoles as the
operators of Centrex user group. Simply console is not equipped with special
equipment, and fulfills simply operator function by call-transfer function which
transfers out-group calls to intra-group extension number.
 Night Service: The operator can set the service enabled and configure the night
service number. Then, when a user calls the console, this call will be routed to
the night service number.

 Three-party Call: An operator can hold one call and talk with another user, and
then the operator can start a three-party call. The three parties will enter the
conversation.
 Block the Console: An operator can block or unblock a console. When a

console is blocked, the operator will not handle any call until unblocking it.
 Group Call: An operator can edit a group number list, and then organizes a
conference call by the list. All the users are in the conference. The president
can make two-way calls, receive and speak, and the members can only hear
other people's speech.
 Centrex Call: An operator can edit a group number list, and then organizes a
centrex call by the list. All the user equipment will ring. Any user could speak to
the operator after picking up the phone, while all the other users stop ringing.
3.12.2 OAM Functions
 Call History Management: An operator can look over the call history, including
the incoming call and outgoing call.
 Log Management: An operator can look over the operation log.
 Group call and Centrex call Management: An operator can manage the group
call list, including adding, deletion and modification actions, and an operator
can save or load a group call list.
 Wake-up Service Management: An operator can manage the intra-group user’s

wake-up service.
 Don’t Disturb Service Management: An operator can manage the intra-group

user’s don’t disturb service.
3.12.3 Billing Functions
 Querying Bill: An operator can query the detailed information of the bills
according to the preset conditions and save the query results into a file.
 Phone Check Managing: An operator can query the bill, and set the checked
status.

 Balance Setting: An operator can set the balance template, and use the
template to re-settle.
 Recovering and Backing up: An operator can recover and back up the billing
data.
3.13 GWF
The 3GPP IMS charging standard not only defines the Ro interface for online charging, but also defines
the IMS Gateway Function (IMS-GWF) to provide S-CSCF with the Ro interface.
If needing S-CSCF+GWF to support the Ro interface, a carrier requires the users who want to open the
online charging service to subscribe to a specific iFC rule in HSS, appointing specific SIP methods that
S-CSCF forwards via the ISC interface to trigger GWF.
Figure 3-7 IMS online charging Architecture
Billing Domain
Ro OCS
MRFC
MGCF OCS
Ro
SIP-AS
BGCF
ISC Ro
S-CSCF
- IMS - GWF
The ZXUN SSS can be configured to IMS-GWF.
3.14 Ut Interface
UE can activate, deactivates, and queries supplementary services on SSS via a Ut

interface.

Figure 3-8 Ut Interface Architecture
AP-AS
AS1
Zn AP-AS
BSF AP AS2
TLS AP-AS …
Ua tunnel
ASn
UE
AP (Authentication Proxy) is deployed in a network to implement authentication and send

a HTTP message to AS for treatment afterwards. BSF (Bootstrapping server function)
mutually authenticate with UE using the AKA protocol.
XCAP client(UE) sends a HTTP request. After receiving the request XCAP server (AS)
modifies the service according to the XML message content.
Figure 3-9 XCAP in Ut interface
XCAP XCAP
CLIENT SERVER
HTTP PUT/GET/DELETE
200 OK/201/204
ZXUN SSS acts as AS in Ut Interface Architecture.

3.15 IP-SM-GW
Different from the Instant Message (IM) of the IMS network, the SMS ensures message
transfer reliability via the short message center (SMC). The SMC is usually located in the
transfer network, such as the CS domain.
To provide the SMS for the IMS user, 3GPP defines a IP-Short-Message-Gateway
(IP-SM-GW) for the IMS network.
Figure 3-10 Location of the IP-SM-GW
SME
Short Message
SMC
Short Message
SMS-GMSC MAP HLR/HSS
MAP
Sh
IP-SM-GW
MAP
ISC
IMS Core
S-CSCF Cx
Mw
P-CSCF
Gm
UE
SMC (Short Message Center), SME (Short Message Entity)
The IP-SM-GW behaves as a SMS-GW.
After the SMS is introduced, IMS users can be divided into two types:

IMS SMS user: IMS users who have subscribed to the SMS.
Normal IMS user: IMS users who does not subscribe to the SMS.
IMS SMS users and normal IMS users can subscribe to the IM service.
SMS users of the traditional network, also called SMS users in the CS domain, can send
short messages with the IMS SMS users.
The IMS SMS users can send short messages to each other.
The ZXUN SSS can be configured to IP-SM-GW.
3.16 SCC AS
At the early stage LTE network was deployed isolatedly. As a result, UE needs to switch
between the 2G/3G coverage area and LTE coverage area.
3GPP put forward the Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC) solution, fulfilling the
requirement of voice call continuity for LTE UE switching from IMS over LTE/SAE to CS.
The SRVCC architecture defined by 3GPP is shown as follows.
Figure 3-11 SRVCC Architecture

The SRVCC solution requires to transform the old LTE NEs: MSC needs to be upgraded
to support the LTE Enhanced MSC functionality. MME needs to support VoIP and non
VoIP media separation functionality and initiating a VoIP media switching procedure.
In addition, SCC AS is deployed in IMS network to associate the new call generated after
switching with the old call at the other side. It traces the old call, updates the remote end,
and releases the old call. The newly defined Emergency Access Transfer Function
(EATF) can switch IMS emergency calls to CS.
ZXUN SSS can act as SCC AS(SRVCC/eSRVCC). It provides the following functions:
1 call anchor
2 normal switchover
3 ringing-state switchover
4 T-ADS(Terminating Access Domain Selection)
5 SH Interface Update of eSRVCC Information
3.17 Virtualization
In virtualization, ZXUN SSS working as Virtualized Network Function (VNF) is a

software-based control plane NE, which is deployed on the VM and performs
3GPP-defined functions. The virtualized SSS’s function and interface with other NE are
the same as the non-virtualized SSS.
ZXUN SSS performs the following functions for virtualization:
 Automatic deployment: After a user enters NE basic information on the NFVO client
interface, NFVO, VNFM, and VIM work together to deploy SSS to the cloud and
complete basic data configuration.
 Dynamic scalability: SSS can perform dynamic scale out and scale in according to
its load condition. During the scale out or scale in process, it dynamically and

gracefully occupies or releases a VM, without bringing any impact on ongoing

services.
 Manual capacity expansion: It allows users to expand SSS capacity by providing

new license and traffic model on the NFVO client interface.
 Manual VM creation: SSS supports users to create a VM manually, which need

apply for memory, CPU and hard disk resources. SSS supports distributing some
traffic to the new VM.
 Manual VM deletion: SSS supports users to delete a VM, which need release
memory, CPU and hard disk resources. It supports two deletion modes, mandatory
deletion and graceful deletion. In graceful deletion mode, before a VM is deleted,
SSS migrates the online registration and session from the to-be-deleted VM to other
VM.
4 ETCA System Architecture
4.1 Product Physical Structure
The introduction of ZXUN SSS hardware deployment consists of:
 Rack introduction
 Shelf introduction
4.1.1 Rack Introduction
ETCA architecture of ZXUN SSS cabinet adopts international standard 19-inch cabinet,
in the dimension of 2200mm * 600mm * 800mm (H * W * D).

Figure 4-1 ZXUN SSS ETCA Platform Cabinet Appearance
4.1.2 ETCA Shelf Introduction
ETCA shelf of ZXUN SSS complies with PICMG 3.0 specification, and the form factor is
619.5 mm * 482.6 mm * 415 mm (H * W * D). ZXUN SSS shelf is based on ETCA
architecture. There are 14 slots for one shelf, among which Slots 7 and 8 are designed
for installing switching network boards, and Slots 1~6, and 9~14 are generic slots for
service process blade.
The diagrams of shelf are shown below.

Figure 4-2 Front Panel of ZXUN SSS ETCA Shelf
2
3
4
5
1 Backplane 2 Upper Layer Fan Tray

3 Bottom Layer Fan Tray
4 Air Inlet 5 CMM
Figure 4-3 Rear Panel of ZXUN SSS ETCA Shelf
3
4
1 Air Outlet 2 Backplane 3 CDM

4 Power Entry Module
4.1.3 ETCA Hardware Architecture
ZTE develops next-generation equipment hardware platform: ETCA platform. It is used

to provide total solutions for IMS products.
Figure 4-4 Hardware Structure of ZTE ETCA Platform
ETCA plug-in box adopts modular slot design. Power Entry Module (PEM), Chassis
Management Module (CMM), Fan Control Module (FCM), and other boards are all
installed in the back plane of shelf. They support hot-swapping and hot redundancy
backup function. Different boards are configured according to service applications.
Products install blade server and switching network board to act as server processing
platform. After operating system, driver software and service application software are
installed, it also works as independent service processing units to realize data storage
and service processing. The switching network provides various network interfaces to
connect with external equipment and realizes data switching and communication with
external network.
ETCA plug-in box has an intelligent hardware management system based on IPMI
specification. CMM board realizes physical resource management and monitoring of
manageable equipment in ETCA plug-in box, and provides out-of-band system
management interface for external or embedded system manager to realize bottom
management of all system. CMM is management center of ETCA plug-in box, and is
responsible for power-on control, status management, sensor data management of
whole plug-in box. CMM is the key equipment for interconnection and interworking test
with other suppliers' ETCA boards. IPMC controller connects with boards by IPMB and
makes them work under IPMI architecture management. IPMC controller mainly fulfills
monitoring, control and management of ETCA boards or key hardware resources of
other shelf components. It also communicates with CMM by intelligent IPMB, reports

various events to CMM, and accepts management and control from CMM.
4.1.3.1 Board Introduction
ZXUN SSS product adopts the following hardware boards:
 IGSU1: IMS General Service Unit 1
 OMU1: Operation Management Unit 1
 SWBB1: Switching Board B1
 SWI2: Switching Interface 2--Rear card for SWBB1
 RSB/A: Rear Card Model A for Single Board Computer
 SDSU1: Subscriber Data Saving Unit 1
 SPIU1: Service Provisioning Interface Unit 1
SWBB1 is a new-generation ETCA switching sub-system developed by ZTE. It realizes

Gigabit Ethernet switching function of system BASE and FABRIC plane, and provides
GE inter-shelf cascade ports by back board externally.
For the service process board, it provides GE ports through back board.
4.1.3.2 CMM
As management center for shelf management system, CMM provides complex IPMB bus
interfaces, connects with each board, power supply, fan IPMC controller by back boards,
manages power supply, hot elimination and intelligent devices interconnection, monitors
events and record to CDM, and realizes system status monitoring, equipment
management, maintenance, alarm, and statistics.
CMM is located under the shelf and adopts active/standby configuration. When two
CMMs are powered on, the left slot CMM is default used as active, and the right slot
CMM is used as standby, or the first set CMM is used as active and the other is standby.
Functions and technical indices:

 CMM adopts active & standby configuration.
 CMM supports 16 pieces of boards management, and meets the management

ability of all shelf management controller defined by ATCA specifications.
 Provides full management interfaces, including CLI, SNMP, RMCP, etc.
 Realizes power-up and power-down management, fault alarm, necessary fault

protection, and automatic fan control of all pluggable boards.
 Supports real-time clock.
 Supports hot-plugging and active/standby switching.
 Supports dual-circuit power supply, and low power consumption design (<20w).
4.1.3.3 ETCA Platform Features
 ATCA standard architecture
ZTE IMS products follow ATCA system standard, which includes power supply input
and distribution, engine structure, system intelligent management, backplane
topological structure, connector, optical/electric channel, switch function, and I/O
interfaces.
 Strong shelf management
ZTE IMS products follow IPMI standard, establish an integrated equipment

management system by independent CMM, dual-star IPMB, and each FRU, and
provide resource sharing (backplane, fan plug-in shelf, power supply module),
equipment management, sensor and event management, user management, fan
plug-in shelf, power supply module, and remote maintenance.
 Easy-to-expand
It improves products operating performance by adding blade server or cascade

shelf, and supports smooth upgrading and expansion.
 Highly-reliable

Redundancy Protection
 Provide redundancy protection for key functional modules. When there is some
fault, system automatically switches to backup modules.
 DC power supply module adopts 1+1 redundancy protection; each module

supports 2 circuits of DC input.
 CMM supports 1+1 active & standby redundancy protection, and automatic
data synchronization between active and standby modes.
 Boards support 1+1 redundancy protection.
 Management and service bus adopt dual-star redundancy design.
Fault tolerance
 Provide rich fault-tolerance functions; ensure reliability in terms of hardware

and software design.
 Provide multi-level protection of software and data; be capable of self-detection

and automatic restore.
 Provide protection for board software overload interruption.
 Boards support wrong insertion protection design.
 Provide anti-reverse connection for power supply and isolation design for
power fault.
 Software support patch and on-line load.
Fault management
 Provide rich fault management functions to ensure system reliability, including

fault detection, fault diagnose position, independent fault information report,
etc.
 FRU unit realizes fault detection and reports by its IPMC module.
 Provide fault detection for fan plug-in shelf and access power supply module.
 Provide heartbeat detection for management channel.
 Provide fault detection for backup channel.

 Provide automatic fault position diagnose.
 Easy-to-maintain
 Board, CMM, power supply, fan, etc support hot-plugging.
 Provide on-line upgrading of application programs.
 Easy wire routing before and behind the shelf.
4.2 Software Architecture
ZXUN SSS software system developed based on multi-channel and multi-core blade
server of ETCA. It is designed with multithreading conception and shields the difference
of hardware.
The whole software architecture is designed based on layered and modularization. It is

independent from specific hardware platform. The systems functions are divided into
several processes and run on different blade servers according to the capacity
requirement. The architecture is shown below:
Figure 4-5 ZXUN SSS Software Subsystem Architecture

SIP.exe
Application Thread
with Multiple Instances
Hardware
Platform OSS/DB Service Service
Application Application Application
Thread 1 Thread N
MCM MCM
RM RM
SCS
BCM BCM
BRS OSS/DB .exe OSS/DB .exe
248.exe
OAM Service
DB OSS/DB Management
BCM
OSS .exe
OSS/DB .exe
DB Core.exe
OSS FrameWork.exe
CPU
5 Technical Specifications
5.1 Physical Indices
Table 5-1 Dimension of the Rack
Item Index
Hardware Platform ETCA Platform
Cabinet standard 19' rack
W 600 mm
Rack Size D 800 mm
H 2200mm
Available Height of Rack 47 U

5.2 Capacity
5.2.1 Traffic Model
ZXUN SSS indices based on the traffic model are listed in following table.
Table 5-2 Traffic Model
Index Value
Erl 0.03
Mean Holding Time (Second) 90
Registration (/time/Busy Hour) 2
5.2.2 Performance Indices
Performance indices based on the above traffic model are as listed in following table.
Table 5-3 Performance Index
Index Value
Process Capability under Max

20 million
Configuration (User)
Process Capability under Max

74400
Configuration (SAPS)
5.3 Power Supply
ZXUN SSS requires a rated working voltage of -48V; the working voltage of ZXUN
SSS ranges from -57V to -40V. Within this voltage range, the equipment runs
normally.
Table 5-4 Power Consumption
Parameter Value

≤ 2300 W (Single shelf with max

configuration)
System power consumption
≤ 7000 W (Single Rack with 3
shelves)
5.4 Weight
Weight of single shelf (kg) is  400kg (Single rack with full configuration).
2
Weight bearing of the floor is ≥ 450 kg/m .
5.5 Transmission
Switch blade provides GE ports for interconnection.
Service processing blade provides GE ports and other necessary ports for external
peripherals such as USB and Serial Port.
5.6 Working Environment
5.6.1 Temperature and Humidity
Table 5-5 Temperature and Humidity Requirements
Parameter Specific Index
Long-term 5C～40C
working
condition (Note
1)
Temperature (C)
Short-term (-)5C～+50C
working
condition (Note
2)
Long-term 5%～85%
Relative humidity (%)
working

condition
Short-term 5%～90%
working
condition
Note 1: The temperature and humidity of the operating environment inside the equipment
room are measured at the spot that is 1.5 m above the floor and 0.4 m in front of the rack
when there is no protective plate in front or back of the equipment rack.
Note 2: The short-term working condition means that the continuous operation period is
not more than 96 hours and the accumulated operation period in a year is not more than
15 days.
5.6.2 Noise
The domestic noise should less than 70 DB; otherwise the health of the operator might
be affected.
5.6.3 Lighting
The direct sunlight should be avoided to prevent the components of the circuit board
from aging and distortion.
The average illumination intensity is 150lx - 200lx, no glare. The inadequate lighting or
the too strong lighting might affect the health of the operator or maintainer.
The required emergency light is equipped.
5.6.4 Air Cleanliness

4 3
 The density of dusts with a 5-micron diameter is less than 3×10 /m .
 Dust particle is not electric, magnetic and corrosive.
5.6.5 Requirements for Cleanliness

5 4
Working environment: 1.08×10 to 5.1×10 Pa

5 4
Storage environment: 1.08×10 to 1.2×10 Pa
5.6.6 Insulation Resistance
In accordance with IEC60950/UL60950 basic insulation requirement:
 Voltage tolerance index TNV/Protection grounding 1000VAC/1500VDC
 Insulation resistance＞2M ohm (500VDC)
5.6.7 Grounding Requirement
 It is conformed to ETSI 300 253/ITU-T K 27 requirements.
 It needs permanent grounding protection.
 It supports IBN/CBN.
5.6.8 Over-Voltage and Over-Current Protection
 Over-Voltage protection: Alarm is generated when standard working voltage

exceeds more than 10%.
 Over-Current protection: Power supply protection when standard working current

exceeds more than 150%.
 Lightning proof: ＞1000V 8/20 us
5.6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility
 In accordance with ETSI 300386/ FCC PART 15 requirement
 In accordance with ETIS EN 55022 / CISPR 22 requirement
 In accordance with IEC 61000-4 requirement

5.7 Reliability
ZXUN SSS reliability index is listed in following table.
Table 5-6 Reliability Index
Parameter Specific Indices

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) 1,512,045 hours
Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) 30 min
System Availability ＞99.999%
6 Operation and Maintenance

ZXUN SSS provides flexible operation and maintenance function and supports local
operation as well.
ZXUN SSS supports SNMP based O&M mechanism. It is managed remotely and by
unified O&M platform (ZTE NetNumen U31) with other IMS equipments.
6.1 Configuration Management:
ZXUN SSS configuration management is for the resource configuration and

management, which provides resource creation, deletion and modification functions. It
offers operator the convenient tools for NE management.
ZXUN SSS configuration management consists of the following parts:
 Physical configuration: Create, delete, browse the NE’s physical and logical
resource;
 Signaling configuration: Implement signaling data configuration, which includes SIP

and Diameter signaling configuration;
 Service configuration: It implements all the service parameter configuration for the
system operation, which includes service switch configuration, bearer configuration,

charging configuration, etc.
6.2 Alarm Management
Alarm management reports the alarms and notification to the senior OSS, which
provides the detail alarm information to the operation engineer. It allows the engineer to
know the current operation status of the system, and locate the system failure quickly.
Alarm is classified into 4 levels: level 1 is the most severe alarm, level 4 is minor alarm.
There are 4 types of alarm: equipment, communication, service and processor. In case of
fault, an alarm will be generated. When the fault is fixed or disappears, the
corresponding alarm will be recovered.
A notification refers to the messages that need to be reported when some events that
must be known to the operators take place, which does not mean the occurrence of a
fault. A notification does not need recovery.
 Failure management is mainly consists of 4 function parts: current alarm/

notification real time display function, query function, human-machine command
function, and alarm box function.
 Current alarm/notification real time display function: The alarm list displays the
current alarms (still not recovered) to the user. It includes the alarm resource, alarm
level, occur time, reason, alarm type and additional information.
 Alarm management/query function: Alarm management includes environment

alarm parameter configuration and alarm filter rules. Alarm query function means
historic alarm and notification query, and the query condition is configurable.
 Man-machine command function: Engineer implements the following operation:

restore, handover, logout, period switch, clock configuration, etc.
 Alarm box function: Remind operation engineer of the alarm level with audio visual
aids.

6.3 Performance Management
 Performance management means output system performance indices to the

operation department by analyzing the traffic data and performance parameter.
 The traffic statistic function includes registration statistic, session statistic, CPU
occupy, etc. Self-defined statistic items are supported.
 Performance management provides QoS performance monitor function: Alarm is

generated when certain data reaches the threshold; beside that, it also provides
functions such as performance query, performance analysis and data backup.
6.4 Security Management
 Security management implements functions such as user creation,

deletion/modification, authorization configuration and modification, which ensures
security of the system.
 Security management consists of user management and role management. Role is

the group of authorization; one user could be assigned with multiple roles.
 User management includes the following function:
 Create user
 Delete user
 Modification user configuration
 Role management includes the following function:
 Create role
 Delete role
 Modification role configuration

6.5 Log Management
Log management checks the user operation log and system log. User operation log
includes user id, operation time, content, etc. It also provides operation rolling back
function.
6.6 Diagnosis Test
To ensure normal and stable running of system, ZXUN SSS provides test for specific
physical equipment and system communication status. It also helps to locate the fault.
The diagnosis test consists of routine test and instant test.
For routine maintenance, the physical equipment and communication link are checked
by routine test. It reminds maintenance engineer if some test result is abnormal for
adopting appropriate measure to avoid further fault.
When fault occurs, instant test is executed to quickly find the location of the fault.
When fault is fixed, engineer also uses diagnosis test to check whether the whole system
is restored.
6.7 Signaling Trace
Traces the signaling send/received by NEs, which provides convenient tools for the
operator.
Both SIP and Diameter signaling could be traced.
6.8 Process Trace
Process trace traces and monitors the critical detail of the service process. The specified
PUI triggering filter condition is traced to monitor what critical process is implemented
within ZXUN SSS. So, this is a convenient tool for the operator.

The specified PUI can be one or more than one.
The service processes that could be traced are listed below:
 Session type service triggering trace (INVITE)
 Non-session type service triggering trace (SIP request such as REGISTER,

MESSAGE, SUBSCRIBE）
 DIAMETER triggering trace (RTR，PPR command)
 OMC management triggering trace (Delete user, Release session)
 Time expiration triggering trace (Subscribe notification, Deregistration when expire)
 Service failure triggering trace (Service failure)
The contents that could be traced are listed as below:
 All received/sent messages
 The main status migration for each process
 Configure and cancel the timer
 Data visit
 Service failure

7 Standards Compliance
1. IETF RFC 3261, “SIP: Session Initiation Protocol”
2. IETF RFC 3262, “Reliability of Provisional Responses in Session Initiation Protocol

(SIP)”
3. IETF RFC 3264, “An Offer/Answer Model with Session Description Protocol (SDP)”
4. IETF RFC 3265, “Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)-Specific Event Notification”
5. IETF RFC 3323, “A Privacy Mechanism for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)”

6. IETF RFC 3455, “Private Header (P-Header) Extensions to the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP) for the 3rd-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)”
7. IETF RFC 3515, “The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Refer Method”
8. IETF RFC 3840, “Indicating User Agent Capabilities in the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP)”
9. IETF RFC 3841, “Caller Preferences for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)”
10. IETF RFC 3959, “The Early Session Disposition Type for the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP)”
11. IETF RFC 3960, “Early Media and Ringing Tone Generation in the Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP)”
12. 3GPP TR 23.002, “Network Architecture”, v7.1.0
13. 3GPP TR 23.003, “Numbering, Addressing and Identification”, v6.9.0
14. 3GPP TR 23.218, “IP Multimedia (IM) session handling; IM call model; Stage 2”,
v7.1.0
15. [15] 3GPP TS 23.228, “IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2”, v7.2.0
16. 3GPP TS 24.228, “Signaling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3”,
V5.14.0
17. 3GPP TS 24.229, “Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia call control protocol based on
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3”,
v7.3.0
18. 3GPP TR 29.228, “IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx and Dx Interfaces; Signaling
flows and message contents”, v7.1.0
19. 3GPP TR 29.229, “Cx and Dx interfaces based on the Diameter protocol; Protocol
details”, v7.1.0

20. ETSI TS 183 004, “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); PSTN/ISDN simulation services:
Communication Diversion (CDIV); Protocol specification”, v1.1.1
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); PSTN/ISDN simulation services;
Originating Identification Presentation (OIP) and Originating Identification Restriction
(OIR); Protocol specification”, v1.1.1
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); PSTN/ISDN simulation services;
Terminating Identification Presentation (TIP) and Terminating Identification Restriction
(TIR); Protocol specification”, v1.1.1
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); PSTN/ISDN simulation services; Call
Waiting (CW); Protocol specification”, v0.0.8
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN Signaling Control Protocol;
Communication Hold (HOLD) PSTN/ISDN simulation services”, v1.1.1
25. ETSI ES 283 003, “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and
Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); IP Multimedia Call Control Protocol based
on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP) Stage 3
[3GPP TS 24.229 (Release 7), modified]”, v1.1.1
26. IETF RFC 4244, “An Extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Request
History Information”
27. 3GPP TS 24.173, “IMS Multimedia Telephony Communication Service and

Supplementary Services; Stage 3”, v0.1.0
28. IETF RFC 3891, “The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) "Replaces" Header”
29. IETF RFC 3312, “Integration of Resource Management and Session Initiation
Protocol (SIP)”

30. IETF RFC 4032, “Update to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Preconditions
Framework”
31. IETF RFC 3325, “Private Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for
Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks”
8 Acronyms and Abbreviations

Abbreviation Explanation
ACR Anonymous Communication Rejection
AS Application Server
BOSS Business & Operating Support System
CB Communication Barring
CMM Chassis Management Module

CSCF Call Session Control Function
CH Communication HOLD
CW Communication Waiting
CCBS Completion of Communications to Busy Subscriber
CCNR Completion of Communications by No Reply

CDIV Communication Diversion
ETCA Enhanced Tele-Communication Computing Architecture
FCM Fan Control Module
FTP File Transfer Protocol

HSS Home Subscriber Server
I-CSCF Interrogating-Call Session Control Function
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem

IP Internet Protocol
MCID Malicious Communication Identification

MRFC Multimedia Resource Function Controller
MRFP Multimedia Resource Function Processor
MGCF Media Gateway Control Function
NGN Next Generation Network
OIP Originating Identification Presentation

OIR Originating Identification Restriction

OCS Online Charging System
PEM Power Entry Module
PES PSTN/ISDN Emulation Subsystem
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
P-CSCF Proxy-Call Session Control Function

S-CSCF Serving-Call Session Control Function
SSS Supplementary Service Server
SBC Session Border Control
SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol
SIP Session Initiated Protocol
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SAPS Session Attempt Per Second

TIP Terminating Identification Presentation
TIR Terminating Identification Restriction

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ZXUN SSS Product

ZXUN SSS Product Description

© 2016 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 1

ZXUN SSS Product Description .......................................................................................... 1

2 Highlight Features ........................................................................................... 11

2 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

3.12.1 Console Call Functions ...................................................................................... 38

4 ETCA System Architecture ............................................................................. 46

5 Technical Specifications ................................................................................. 54

6 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................ 59

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 3

6.6 Diagnosis Test ................................................................................................... 62

8 Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................... 67

4 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

Figure 1-1 ZTE IMS Multi-network Convergence Solution ................................................. 7

Table 1-1 Related Interfaces and Protocols of ZXUN SSS .................................................. 9

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 5

Table 3-5 Call Operation Services .....................................................................................19

6 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

1.1 Network Structure of ZTE IMS system

Figure 1-1 ZTE IMS Multi-network Convergence Solution

Highlights of ZTE IMS total solution:

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 7

 It supports FMC (Fixed Mobile Convergence) capability and provide integrated

 It supports easy service creating environment, and powerful service providing

 It supports abundant access methods: WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, CDMA 2000

 It provides customized capability: support abundant business models and

1.2 Functions and Location of ZXUN SSS

ZXUN SSS complies with standards of 3GPP/3GPP2/TISPAN. It is mainly designed for

8 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

Figure 1-2 Location of ZXUN SSS in IMS Network

1.3 Related Interfaces and Protocols

Table 1-1 Related Interfaces and Protocols of ZXUN SSS

Interface NEs Protocol Description

ISC SSS CSCF SIP SIP signaling interworking

Rf SSS CG Diameter Offline charging. It is

Ro SSS OCS (Online Diameter Session based online

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 9

Sh/Dh SSS HSS (Home Diameter Data management

Mp SSS MRFP H.248 Media control function

SOAP SSS BOSS SOAP Service provisioning

CLI SSS Unified O&M Internal Internal MML

10 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

2.1 Large Capacity

2.2 High Compatibility and Expansion Capabilities

 Flexible expansion and application: ETCA architecture realizes flexible

2.3 High Reliability

 System operation surveillance/tracing and resource management / monitor /

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 11

2.4 Support Legacy PSTN Service

2.5 Advanced Operation & Maintenance System

 ZXUN SSS adopts multi-level authority protection to ensure high security.

 ZXUN SSS provides abundant functions such as performance measurement, traffic

12 ZTE Confidential & Proprietary

2.6 Advanced Traffic Control and Policy Management

ZTE Confidential & Proprietary 13

3.1 Basic Services

Table 3-1 Basic Services

Normal point-to-point voice call, including

Announcement of abnormal P2P voice call ,

Normal point-to-point video call and it is only

Announcement of abnormal point-to-point