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Título Será Inserido Aqui

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 Pre-test
Can you find the mistake in each of these sentences? Some examples have more than one mistake.

1. Teacher, I have a doubt.

2. During my travel, I went to Italy, Spain and France.
3. I have 2 children. Ana has 7 years and Miguel has 3 years.
4. I made a barbecue last weekend.
5. Do you know Rio do Janeiro?
6. The director spoke for the new trainees during the workshop.
7. I want more one piece of pizza, please.
8. I’m going to take a coffee.
9. I’m married with my husband for 10 years.
10. I was stuck in traffic and lost the meeting this morning.

*Answers can be found in each lesson and at the end of the book.

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 Lesson #1 “Teacher, I have a doubt.”

This is probably the most common mistake that I hear Brazilian Portuguese
speakers make while speaking English. In fact, many students learn this in their
English classes and they are shocked when they find out that this is incorrect.

So what should you say when you want to say, “Tenho uma dúvida?” Instead of
saying “I have a doubt,” you should say “I have a question.”

Side note: It’s not common to address teachers in the U.S. as “teacher.” Typically,
the students call the teachers by using a prefix such as Mr. Ms. or Mrs. and their
last name. (For example, Ms. Smith or Mr. Jackson)

So when do we use the word “doubt” in English?

In English, we use the word “doubt” as a verb when we think that something is
unlikely to happen. So it’s a bit negative.

Here are some examples:

a) I doubt that I’ll get the job. – Eu duvido que eu consiga o emprego.
b) Mary doubts that her boyfriend will show up. – Mary duvida que seu
namorado vá aparecer.

We also say “to have doubts” to express uncertainty about something or to ex-
press that what you are about to do is possibly a mistake. This expression is usu-
ally used in the present continuous tense “…is having doubts.”

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 Lesson #1 “Teacher, I have a doubt.”

Here are some examples:

a) I’m having doubts about marrying Tommy. (I think I’m making a mistake.)
b) The Smith family is having doubts about getting a new puppy. (They are wor-
ried about getting a new puppy and think it may be a mistake.)
c) Do you think I should take this new job? I’m having some doubts. (I’m not sure
if accepting this new job is a good decision.)

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#1 Teacher, I have a doubt. Ms. Katsis, I have a question.

So, let’s review.

1. If you want to ask a question, just say “I have a question” (not a doubt).
Ex. Does anyone have any questions?

2. We use doubt as a verb when we don’t believe something will happen.

Ex. Look at the sky. It’s a clear sunny day. I doubt it will rain.

3. We use the expression “to have doubts” to say that we are uncertain about a
decision, a person or an event.
Ex. I’m having doubts about Andrea as the new manager. She seems too insecure
to take on so much leadership.

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 Lesson #2 “Trip or Travel?”

When do we use "trip" and when do we use "travel"? There is a lot of confusion
about these words.

TRIP
We use “trip” almost always as a noun (unless you want to say “tropeçar”). So in
Portuguese, when you want to say “viagem” as a noun, you need to say TRIP.

Here are some examples:

a) Before my trip, I need to pack my suitcase and get my visa. Antes de minha
viagem, preciso fazer minha mala e pegar meu visto.
b) How was your trip? Como foi sua viagem?
c) This summer I’m going on a trip to South Africa. Este verão vou fazer uma
viagem para a África do Sul.

TRAVEL
We use “travel” almost always as a verb, just like “viajar” in Portuguese.

Here are some examples:

a) I love to travel. Adoro viajar.
b) I have traveled to the U.S. several times. Eu viajei para os EUA várias vezes.
c) When I retire, I want to travel the world. Quando eu me aposentar, quero
viajar pelo mundo.

Easy, right? Well, here’s the tricky part.

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 Lesson #2 “Trip or Travel?”

TRIP and TRAVEL

Both “trip” and “travel” can be use as adjectives, which is what causes the confu-
sion in most cases.
Ex: You can say travel agency, trip protection, travel insurance, or trip advisor.
So, when used as an adjective, it can be either “trip” or “travel.” However, “travel”
is more commonly used.

Obs. "Travels" (with S) can also mean "viagem" in some expressions. For example,
"Safe travels!" = "Tenha uma viagem segura!"

American English = traveled; traveling; traveler

British English = travelled; travelling; traveller

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#2 During my travel, I went to Italy, Spain and France. During my trip,
I went to Italy, Spain and France.

Let’s review.
1. If you want to say “viagem” as a noun, say “trip.”
Ex. I’m very excited for my trip to Canada. Estou muito animada pela minha
viagem para o Canadá.
2. If you are talking about the verb form “viajar,” say “travel.”
Ex. I travel somewhere new every year. Eu viajo para um lugar novo todo ano.
3. Both trip and travel can be used as adjectives.
Ex. I spoke with the travel agency about getting trip protection in case something
unexpected happens. Falei com a agência de viagens sobre proteção de via- I hope this lesson has helped you to speak correctly about your trips and
gens no caso de um imprevisto. travel plans!

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 Lesson #3 “Talking about age.”

In English, when we want to talk about our age, we use the verb “BE + years old”
or “BE + number.” Ex. “I am 30 years old.” OR “I am 30.”

I + am + number (years old).

You, We, They + are + number (years old).
He/She/It + is + number (years old).

For example:
a) I am 19./ I am 19 years old. (NOT: I am 19 years.)
b) You are 35./ You are 35 years old.
c) My sons are 5 and 2 years old./ My sons are 5 and 2.
d) My grandma is 93 years old./ My grandma is 93.

Let’s check your answer to the pre-test question.

#3 I have 2 children. Ana has 7 years and Miguel has 3 years. I have 2 children.
Ana is 7 years old and Miguel is 3 years old. / Ana is 7 and Miguel is 3.

Bonus tip!
Do you know how to say the following?
“Estou fazendo 30 anos.” = “I’m turning 30.”
“Quantos anos está fazendo?” = “How old are you going to be?” (se for no futuro)
“How old are you?” (se for no mesmo dia)

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 Lesson #3 “Talking about age.”

So, let’s review.

To talk about our age, we use the verb BE + # years old (or BE + #)
Ex. “I am 36 years old.” OR “I am 36.”

Let’s practice.
Answer these questions out loud.
1. How old are you?
2. How old are your children?
3. How old is your mother?
4. How old is your father?

Possible answers to the “Let’s practice” questions”:

1. I am 29. / I am 29 years old
2. My children are 5 and 7. / My daughter is 5 and my son is 7 years old.
3. My mother is 65. / My mother is 65 years old.
4. My father is 50. / My father is 50 years old.

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 Lesson #4 – How do you say “fazer” in English?

“Fazer” is one of the most frequently used verbs in Portuguese, so it’s very im-
portant to learn the correct way to say this in English. Most of the time, “fazer”
can translate to “make” or “do.” However, there are some instances in which you
need to use another verb such as “have.”
When do we use “make” and when do we use “do” in English? Let’s look at this
chart for some examples.
DO – To perform or execute something MAKE – To create something
a) Good employees do work. (Good employees perform/execute work)
b) Bad employees make work. (Bad employees create work because they
don’t do a good job.)
We also use the verb “have” when we are talking about events or commit-
ments. Here are some examples.
• Have a party • Have a meeting
• Have an interview • Have a wedding

- The dishes - Friends

- The laundry - Plans
- Homework - Food and drinks (dinner, lunch, etc.)
- Hair, nails - Money
- Work - Music
- The ironing - A mess
- A blood test - Noise
- Do well/poorly/a good job/etc. - A mistake
- Exercises at the gym - Peace, war
- Chores * Make the bed

Compare the following examples.

a) As a teacher I need to make grammar exercises for my students. (I create the
grammar exercises.)
b) My students do the grammar exercises for homework. (The students perform/
execute the exercises.)

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 Lesson #4 – How do you say “fazer” in English?

Remember!
Commitment = Compromisso - Compromise = Acordo ou Comprometer

Let’s check your answers from the pre-test.

#6 I made a barbecue last weekend. I had a barbecue last weekend. (We use
“have” because a barbecue is an event.)

Let’s practice! Fill in the blanks with the correct form of make, do or have.
*Answers are found below.
1. Last night I _____ dinner for the whole extended family.
2. My children always ______ a mess right after I’ve cleaned.
3. Did you _____ your homework?
4. I ______ an interview tomorrow morning.
5. I really need to ______ more money in order to travel every year.
6. I _______ exercises at the gym 5 times a week.
7. My grandma is turning 100 this weekend! We are going to ______ a birthday
party for her to celebrate.
8. Shhhhhh! You guys are _______ too much noise and I can’t concentrate.
9. I have so much laundry to _____ after our vacation at the beach.
10. I think I ______ a great job on the test. It was very easy!

*Answers: 1. made 2. make 3. do 4. have 5. make 6. do 7. have 8. making 9. do 10. did

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 Lesson #5 – What do you KNOW in English?

What do you know about the verb “to know” in English?

Check out the chart below to learn more.

- I know my neighbors very well.

- My grandmother knows all her grandchildren’s birthdays.
- People
KNOW - I don’t know anyone’s cell number anymore.
- Information
- Do you know the new assistant’s name?
- I’ve worked at this company for 15 years and I still don’t know everyone in my department.

- I know how to speak English, Spanish and Portuguese.

- Abilities - Maria knows how to play the piano.
KNOW HOW
- Skills - If I knew how to surf, I’d go to the beach every weekend.
- Does anyone know how to turn the projector off?

GO TO, VISIT, - Have you been to Disney World?

TRAVEL TO, - PLACES - When I went to Europe, I visited Switzerland and Germany.
HAVE BEEN TO - Have you been to the new sushi restaurant?

1. We use “know” with people and information.

a) I know my neighbors really well. We talk almost every day. - Eu conheço meus vizinhos muito bem. Nós conversamos quase todos os dias.
b) My grandmother knows all her grandchildren’s birthdays. - Minha avó sabe os aniversários de todos os netos dela.
c) I don’t know anyone’s cellphone number. - Eu não sei o número de telefone de ninguém.
d) Do you know the new assistant’s name? - Você sabe o nome da assistente nova?
e) I’ve worked at this company for over 15 years and I still don’t know everyone in my department. - Trabalho nessa empresa por mais do que 15 anos e aindo
não conheço todas as pessoas no meu departamento.

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 Lesson #5 – What do you KNOW in English?

2. We use “know how” with skills and abilities. We know how to do

things.
a) I know how to speak English, Spanish and Portuguese. (You can also say “I
know English, Spanish and Portuguese.”) Eu sei falar inglês, espanhol e portu-
guês.
b) Maria knows how to play the piano really well. A Maria sabe muito bem
tocar o piano.
c) If I knew how to surf, I’d go to the beach every weekend. Se eu soubesse
surfar, eu iria para a praia todo fim de semana.
d) Does anyone know how to turn the projector off? Alguém sabe como desli-
gar o datashow?

3. We DON'T use “know” with places.

So what verb do we use with places? How can I say “Você conhece Chicago?”
There are a few options, but visit, travel to, go to, and have been to (the present
perfect tense of be) are the most common.
a) Have you been to Disney World? Você conhece Disney World?
b) When I went to Europe, I visited Switzerland and Germany. Quando fui
para Europa, conheci Suíça e Alemanha.
c) Have you been to the new sushi restaurant? Você conhece o restaurante
novo de sushi?

Let’s check the sentence in the pre-test.

#5 Do you know Rio de Janeiro? Have you been to Rio de Janeiro?

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 Lesson #5 – What do you KNOW in English?

So, let’s review.

1. Use KNOW with people and information.
Ex. Do you know any celebrities? I don’t know any famous people.
Ex. I don’t know my husband’s phone number.

2. Use KNOW HOW with skills and abilities.

Ex. Do you know how to samba?
Ex. Many Americans know how to play baseball.

3. Use VISIT, GO TO, SEE, TRAVEL TO, or HAVE BEEN TO if you are talking about
a place.
Ex. Have you been to Taquaral?
Ex. While in Brazil, my parents traveled to Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

Test yourself! Translate the following sentences from Portuguese to English. You
can check your answers below.
1. Eu conheço muito bem meu professor de inglês.
2. Não sei falar alemão.
3. Você conheçe Salvador, Bahia?

Answers:
1. I know my English teacher very well.
2. I don’t know how to speak German.
3. Have you been to Salvador, Bahia?

I hope this lesson has been helpful and I KNOW you will achieve your English
goals.

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 Lesson #6 – TO or FOR?

There is a lot of confusion about when we use TO and when we use FOR be-
cause both can mean “para” in Portuguese.

We use TO when there is a direct connection and FOR when there is an indirect
connection. Let’s compare the following examples.

a) Mary sent an e-mail to her boss. (Mary sent an e-mail directly to her boss –
Her boss received the e-mail.)
Mary enviou um email para o chefe dela. (Mary mandou um e-mail direta
mente
para o chefe dela. O chefe foi quem recebeu o e-mail).

b) Mary sent an e-mail for her boss. (Mary’s boss asked her to send an e-mail for
him. She sent the e-mail in his place, or as a favor, to someone else)
Mary enviou um email pelo chefe dela. (Nesse caso, Mary enviou o e-mail
no lugar do chefe dela, ou seja, enviou o email por ele).

Let’s look at some other examples:

1. I spoke to my husband at the meeting. (I spoke directly to my husband at the
meeting.)
Falei com meu marido durante a reunião. (Falei diretamente com meu mari
do)

2. I spoke for my husband at the meeting. (My husband couldn’t speak, or didn’t
want to speak, so I spoke in his place.)
Eu falei pelo meu marido na reunião. (Eu falei no lugar do meu marido na re
união, ou seja, por ele).

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 Lesson #6 – TO or FOR?

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#6 The director spoke for the new trainees during the workshop. The director
spoke to the new trainees during the workshop. (He spoke directly to them,
not in their place.)

Here are some more examples.

1. Can you teach the conversation class for me? I’m not feeling well.
Você pode dar a aula de conversação no meu lugar? Não estou me sentindo
muito bem.
2. I’m so nervous. I’m going to present my ideas to the vice president during the
meeting today.
Estou muito ansioso. Vou apresentar minhas ideias para o vice presidente
durante a reunião hoje.
3. I sold my car to my brother.
Vendi meu carro para o meu irmão.
4. I sold my husband’s cell phone for him. He’s been really busy lately and hasn’t
had time to do anything.
Vendi o celular do meu marido para ele. Ele está muito ocupado ultima
mente e não tem tempo para fazer nada.
5. Mary read a story to the children.
Mary leu uma história para as crianças.
6. Can you read this for me? I left my glasses at home.
Você pode ler isso para mim? Esqueci meus óculos em casa.

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 Lesson #7 – “More one” or “One more”?

In Portuguese, you would say “mais um, dois, tres, etc.” However, in English the
word order is reversed and you’d say, “one, two, three, ten… more.”

Here are some examples:

1. I’d like one more glass of wine, please.
Eu quero mais uma taça de vinho.
2. You have 10 more minutes to finish the exam.
Vocês tem mais 10 minutos para terminar a prova.
3. We need three more volunteers to help with the fundraiser.
A gente precisa de mais 3 voluntários para ajudar com o evento beneficente.
4. Let’s swim four more laps.
Vamos nadar mais quatro piscinas.

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#11 I want more one piece of pizza. I want one more piece of pizza.

Here’s the recap:

Portuguese: mais + número
English: number + more

I hope this lesson has been helpful! If you have any more questions, please let me
know!

The correct answer to the question in the picture is A

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 Lesson #8 – How do you say “tomar café” in English?

Many people directly translate the expression “tomar café” as “take coffee” in
English. However, this translation is not correct – unless you are going to steal
someone’s coffee.

So, how can I say “tomar café” in English? Here are some verbs that you can use.
1. Would you like to get a coffee with me?
Você quer tomar um café comigo?
2. I’m really tired. I need to drink another coffee.
Estou muito cansado. Preciso beber mais um café.
3. I’ll have a coffee, please.
Vou tomar um café, por favor.
4. Let’s grab a coffee sometime.
Vamos tomar um café algum dia.

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#8 I’m going to take a coffee. I’m going to grab (drink, get, or have) a coffee.

Pronunciation Tip!
Coffee ends in EE and you need to pronounce this final E sound. If not, the word
sounds like cough (tosse).

Let’s recap:
You can drink, have, get, or grab a coffee. However, if you take someone’s coffee,
they may get mad at you.

Also, pay special attention to the pronunciation. Coffee with 2 syllables, not
cough. Okay?

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 Lesson #9 Talking about your relationship

What is your relationship status?

Are you married, single, engaged or dating someone?

A common mistake that I often hear is someone saying, “I’m married with my
husband” directly translating the Portuguese “Estou casada com meu mari-
do.” However, in English we say, “I’m married TO my husband.” (not with)

Here is a little chart to help you talk correctly about your relationship.

What’s your relationship status?

I’m married to …./ I’m en-
I’m single. I’m in a … relationship with …
gaged to …

a) I’ve been single a) I’m in a serious relationship a) I’m married to Roberto.

for 6 months. with Tom.
b) Jenny is single b) I’ve been in a relationship
but looking for a with Katie since we were 18
boyfriend. years old.
*When you are in a relationship
with someone, you can also say
that you are “dating.”
b) Camila has been mar-
ried to Lucas for 10 years.
c) John is engaged to An-
nie. They are getting mar-
ried next year.

It’s also important to use the present perfect tense when you are stating how
long you have been married, engaged or dating someone.

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 Lesson #9 Talking about your relationship

Compare:
a) Camila has been married to Lucas for 10 years. (present perfect – they are still
married)
b) Camila was married to Lucas for 10 years. (simple past – they are not married
anymore)

Here are some more examples to help you talk about your relationship.
a) I have been engaged to James for 1 year. We are going to get married next
month.
b) “How long have you been dating Caitlyn?” “I have been dating Caitlyn for
about 6 months.”
c) “Is Paul married?” “Yes, he has been married for 10 years to his wife Nicole.”
d) “Is Julia single?” “No, she is in a serious relationship with Mike. I think they will
get engaged soon.”

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#9 I’m married with my husband for 10 years. I’ve been married to my
husband for 10 years.

Let’s practice. Answer the following questions.

1. Are you married? If so, who are you married to? How long have you been mar-
ried?
2. If you’re not married, what is your relationship status?

Possible answers to the practice questions.

1. I’ve been married to my husband for 5 years.
2. I’m single/divorced/separated.

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 Lesson #10 What is the difference between “miss” and “lose”?

“Perder” can mean miss or lose in English. See the chart below to understand the
difference between these two words.

What is the difference between “miss” and “lose”?

MISS LOSE

We use “miss” to talk about…

We use “lose” to talk about…
1. events and opportunities or
1. items we can’t find or
2. people we haven’t seen for a while.
2. games we didn’t win.
sentir falta

Examples:
1. I missed the meeting this morning.
2. I missed your phone call.
3. Karen missed her flight.
4. Jacob missed the bus
5. I really missed my family when I
went away to college.
Examples:
1. Mary lost her keys.
2. I lost my cell phone.
3. Debbie lost her wallet.
4. I hate playing poker. I always lose.
5. Palmeiras lost the soccer game last
night.

Let’s look at the sentence from the pre-test.

#10 I was stuck in traffic and lost the meeting this morning. I was stuck
in traffic and missed the meeting this morning.

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 Lesson #10 What is the difference between “miss” and “lose”?

Let’s review.
LOSE is for items we can’t find or games we don’t win.
MISS is for opportunities or people we haven’t seen for a while.

Let’s practice.
1. Meghan ______ the bus and got to school late.
2. I can’t believe you _____ the concert tickets!
3. The hockey team ______ the game last night after a 2-month winning streak.
4. If I ______ this interview because this traffic, I’m going to be so mad!
5. I really _____ my family when I’m away from them for a long time.
6. Hurry up! We are going to ______ our flight!
7. When my computer unexpectedly shut down, I _____ some unsaved docu-
ments.
8. I ______ the bet and had to pay R$50.
9. Why are you squinting? Did you ______ your glasses again?
10. Did you _____ me while I was gone?

1. missed 6. miss
2. lost 7. lost
3. lost 8. lost
4. miss 9. lose
5. miss 10. miss

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 Pre-Test Test Answers

1. Teacher, I have a doubt.

Ms. Katsis, I have a question.
2. During my travel, I went to Italy, Spain and France.
During my trip, I went to Italy, Spain and France.
3. I have 2 children. Ana has 7 years and Miguel has 3 years.
I have 2 children. Ana is 7 years old and Miguel is 3 years old.
4. I made a barbecue last weekend.
I had a barbecue last weekend.
5. Do you know Rio do Janeiro?
“Have you been to Rio de Janeiro?”
6. The director spoke for the new trainees during the workshop.
The director spoke to the new trainees during the workshop.
7. I want more one piece of pizza, please.
I want one more piece of pizza, please.
8. I’m going to take a coffee.
I’m going to get/grab/have a coffee.
9. I’m married with my husband for 10 years.
I’ve been married to my husband for 10 years.
10. I was stuck in traffic and lost the meeting this morning.
I was stuck in traffic and missed the meeting this morning.

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