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Nama Jurnal internasional : …………


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5 artikel yang terbit tahun 2016 - 2017

No Judul artikel Hasil penelitian Kesimpulan


1 Auramine O, an Our study revealed that AuO is the major water- In conclusion, we found that
incense smoke soluble component of IBC. AuO has no apparent AuO, an ingredient of
ingredient, effect on malignant transformation; but, it incense smoke, significantly
promotes dramatically promotes lung cancer malignancy. increases the metastatic
lung cancer AuO accumulates in the nucleus and binds DNA abilities and stemness
malignancy of lung tumor cells. These results point out the characters of lung tumor
nuclear translocation capability and DNA cells through the activation
binding ability of AuO, especially in lung tumor of ALDH1A1, which is
cells. AuO Induces the autophagy activity in known to be associated with
lung tumor cells. In comparison to normal poor outcome and
culture condition, BEAS-2B cells do not have progression of lung cancer.
remarkably morphological change under AuO- For public health, reducing
containing culture condition. However, AuO or avoiding the use of AuO
treatment leads to the granular structures at the in incense is recommended.
surface of A549 cells. We speculated that the
granular structures might be AuO-induced
autophagosomes.

To determine the effect of AuO on lung cell


transformation, BEAS-2B cells were treated
with various doses of AuO, and the result
showed that AuO at 0.5 mM (the maximal
concentration) does not dramatically affect cell
viability. AuO significantly enhances migration
and invasive abilities and the in vitro and in vivo
stemness features of lung tumor cells through
activating the expression of aldehyde
dehydrogenase family 1 member A1
(ALDH1A1), and ALDH1A1 knockdown
attenuates AuO-induced autophagy activity and
blocks AuO-induced lung tumor malignancy.
2 Pharmacokinetic According to pkCSM in silico prediction, zinc The cytotoxic effect of the
and gluconate is poorly absorbed and consequently zinc gluconate-based
Toxicological presents low distribution volume and is product,
Evaluation of chemically inert to CYP isoenzymes. Infertile, is an important
a Zinc LAZARprediction suggested carcinogenic effect factor, considering its use as
Gluconate- of zinc gluconate in rodents in general and to a canine sterilization agent.
Based Chemical mice and rats separately. The maximum Cell death mechanism would
Sterilant Using tolerated dose in humans and the toxicity to have to be apoptosis, since
In Vitro and In fathead minnows were predicted in the same necrotic processes are
Silico range using both strategies. According to potentially carcinogenic.
Approaches LAZAR’s prediction, the carcinogenicity Although Infertile is
propensity of Infertile was determinant to the licensed for use on animals,
following investigation of the genetic its genotoxic and cytotoxic
toxicological profile of this compound. A study effects, shown in the in vitro
in Galapagos Islands showed that some animals toxicological evaluation,
treated with the zinc gluconate procedure demonstrate that the highest
presented tissue necrosis. These complications dose (60mM) presents a risk
were attributed to improper injection techniques for animal health by necrosis
or inaccurate after-treatment management, induction. Studies must be
besides the intrinsic characteristics of the local continued in order to clarify
environment. Necrosis has a crucial role in the activity on cells and
inflammatory response. tissues involved in the
sterilant activity of Infertile
There is evidence that Infertile is a clastogenic and the cell damage induced,
or aneugenic compound, because, at 12mM, in order to better understand
almost 10% of the cells were found with the pathophysiological
micronucleus. At 30 and 60 mM, the increased mechanisms of this drug.
rate of necrosis and apoptosis suggests high
cytotoxicity. Once cellular disruption occurs,
several damage associated molecular patterns
(DAMPs) are released, such asmitochondrial
DNA (mtDNA), which exerts immunogenic
function and can recruit neutrophils to the area
of necrosis. A chronic necrotic-induced
inflammatory environment causes the
emergence of DNA damage induced by
oxidative stress. This phenomenon can be
mediated by ROS, such as superoxide radicals
(O2−) and RNS, derived from nitric oxide
radicals (NO∙).
3 Slight The results of the study showed the stability of
hypercalcemia the test item in the vehicle at room temperature
is not associated was demonstrated over a period of 3 days. The
with positive test item was also stable at 4 °C for 5 days. The
responses in the accuracy results of all samples were within 8.2%
Comet of their mean and individual theoretical
Assay in male concentrations. That mild increases in serum
rat liver calcium concentration (up to 1.4 times above the
concurrent control) and increased urinary
calcium concentration (up to 27.8 times above
the concurrent control) results in clinical signs
like mild tremor, faster respiration rate and
decreased activity in a few animals. On Day 4,
calcium gluconate at 4000 mg/kg/day was
associated with tremors and a faster respiratory
rate in one male and decreased activity level
(with eyes partly closed) in another one.

The test item and the positive control had no


influence on the macroscopic appearance of the
liver. No test item- or positive controlrelated
microscopic findings were noted. Mild increased
hepatocellular mitoses were noted in 2 positive
control animals. However, under the conditions
of the study, no increase in the %Tail DNA in
the Comet assay and no indication of liver
damage as determined by histopathological
means were observed. Thus, mild increases in
plasma calcium did not lead to positive results in
a genotoxicity assessment by the Comet assay in
the rat liver. This result is important as it
confirms the reliability of this assay for
regulatory evaluation of safety.
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