Niko Cuevas

P.4

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Primary source

Biddiss, Michael. "Victors' Justice? the Nuremberg Tribunal." ["History Today"]. ​History

Today​, vol. 45, no. 5, May 1995, p. 40. EBSCO​host​, September 28, 2017

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=khh&AN=9505153585&site=hr

c-live.

This article is about the prosecution of Nazi leaders who caused genocide and

mass atrocities during the Holocaust. After this event , the world has made

positive features due to this event. All of the country's created a court system for

the entire world. They use it to prevent another Holocaust and also to prevent

wars from occurring. The Nazi leaders were sent either to life or hanging or ten

plus years in prison. Some of the Nazi leaders committed suicide because it

would be an embarassment to get captured and sentenced. This Article will help

me explain the outcomes of the Nuremberg trials and the results of punishments

Nazu leaders recieved.

REMS, ALAN P. "German Admirals on Trial." ["Naval History"]. ​Naval History​, vol. 29,

no. 6, Dec. 2015, pp. 38-44. EBSCO​host​, Accessed September 28th, 2017

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-live.
 This article discusses the Nuremberg Trials , and discusses the cases of Erich

Raeder and Karl Donitz. It examines the careers of the two and they were

charged during the trials. This article also discuss the “U-boat operation” during

World War 2 , and “POW (Prisoners of War)” and shows Donitz loyalty to Adolf

Hitler. The trials fully exposed the “criminality of the Nazi regime”. All 22 of the

Nazi leaders were charged with 4 counts , crimes against humanity , war crimes ,

etc. This article will help me explain the relationships between the Nazi leaders

and loyalty to Hitler.

"The Persecution of the Jews." ["Persecution of the Jews"]. ​Persecution of the Jews​,

8/1/2017, p. 1. EBSCO​host​, Accessed September 28, 2017

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ve.

This Article is about the crimes during World War 2 , Germans and Nazis

stripping rights from people who weren't German and killing innocent Jewish

people. The Jewish people were forced to live in ghettos and wear a yellow star

badge. They were also used as slave laborers and mistreated. However in 1941 ,

the Germans planned “The Final Solution” this is meant to exterminate the

Jewish people. All of the Jewish people were sent to concentration camps. When

in the camps , every Jewish people was forced to cut their hair off and tattooed

numbers to identify them. One method of killing was sending them into gas

chamber and then after sending them to the crematories. This Article will help me
 explain the crimes during World War 2, and the life conditions Jewish people

went through.

"Testimony on the Gassing at Auschwitz." ["Testimony on the Gassing at Auschwitz"].

Testimony on the Gassing at Auschwitz​, 8/1/2017, p. 1. EBSCO​host​, Accessed

September 22, 2017

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ive.

This is a interview with a live witness testimony at the Nuremberg Trials

,“​regarding the Nazis' gassing of Jews and others in the gas chambers of the

Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II”. The interviewer asked the

witness a question , “you were tattooed?” , and at concentration camps , people

were often tattooed with numbers to identify who they were. A way Nazi’s killed

Jewish people were in gas chambers. “They were taken to a red brick building,

which bore the letters "Baden," that is to say "Baths." This made them believe it

was actually a shower room but it actually wasn’t. After they were killed , they

would the bodies and throw them into a crematory and burn the bodies to ashes.

This interview will help me explain why all of the Nazi leaders are being put on

trials for their crimes against humanity.

"The International Criminal Court on Trial." ["Foreign Affairs"]. ​Foreign Affairs​, vol. 96,

no. 1, Jan/ Feb ,2017, pp. 48-53. Accessed September 10th , 2017 ,

EBSCO​host​,
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In the interview with ​I​nternational Criminal Court (ICC) chief prosecutor Fatou

Bensouda talks about prosecution of crimes against humanity after the

Nuremberg trials. There has been crimes against humanity involving sexuality,

gender , genocide and war crimes. “ Very far. After those trials, you've seen the

establishment of the ad hoc tribunals of Rwanda “. “It's a permanent international

judicial institution with the mandate to try war crimes, crimes against humanity,

and genocide. This really shows the resolve of the international community to say

that accountability matters, that those who commit these crimes should be held

to account”. This interview helped me understand more about the system after

the Nuremberg Trials.

Secondary source

Anderson, Tim. "Chapter Three: Prosecution & Defense." ​Nuremberg Trials​, Great Neck

Publishing, 8/1/2017, p. 3. EBSCO​host​, accessed September 20th ,

2017search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=khh&AN=15315845&site

=hrc-live.

In this book chapter, i learned the Allied powers were arguing with each other

because they’re also guilty of war crimes. During the trials they also overlooked

the fact that Soviet Union made a secret pact with Nazi Germany in 1939. The

outcome of the trials was “​Nuremberg trials established an important legal

 precedent for treating war crimes as an international concern”. The Nuremberg

Trials lasted 315 days , twelve were sent to death , others were sentenced to life

. The trials created a international court to deal with genocide and possibly

prevent it from happening again. This will help me on my project by explaining

how the outcome affected the future in a positive way and explain how long the

trials lasted.

Anderson, Tim. "Chapter Two: Planning & Charges." ​Nuremberg Trials​, Great Neck

Publishing, 8/1/2017, p. 2. EBSCO​host​, Accessed September 20th, 2017

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ive

In the book “Planning & Charges” by Tim Anderson , in chapter 2 , it talks about

how Nuremberg was the first trial to be on a international level. All of the allied

powers had to all agree on something before they proceed. There was a number

of possible locations to held the trials at , but the trials were taken place in

Nuremberg , Germany. “ It had an intact courthouse and prison, while most large

German cities had sustained heavy damage during the war and had no

remaining civil buildings at all. The city had also been the site of many Nazi

political rallies”. During the 1930s and 1940s , it was a location where the Nazi’s

passed the Nuremberg Laws and stripped all of Jewish peoples rights. This will

help me on my project by being able to explain why they chose Nuremberg ,

Germany to proceed the trials.

Danver, Steven L. "Statement by Justice Jackson on War Trials Agreement." ["Defining

Documents: World War II"]. ​Defining Documents: World War II​, 7/1/2015, pp.

400-403. EBSCO​host​,

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This Article is a report from the former U.S Supreme Court justice Robert H. Jackson on

“​The Agreement and Charter of the International Conference on Military Trials".

This is also known as the “Nuremberg Charter”, it was signed by U.S ,Great

Britain, and Soviet Union during World War 2. These trials were being set for the

future trials of war.​ In May 1945, Jackson went to London to meet the

representatives from Great Britain , Soviet Union , France in order to proceed

with the trials to achieve justice from the millions of innocent people that were

killed in concentration camps , it would only be fair to kill the Nazi Leaders they

said. The leaders were charged with “Crimes against peace, crimes against

humanity, and war crimes” due to the lives that were taking during the Holocaust.

This article will help me on my project by explaining how all of the victorious

nations in World War 2 all got together and planned to punish Nazi leaders due

to all the lives taken during the Holocaust.

"War Criminals Are Convicted at the Nuremberg Trials." ​Great Events​, 4, Salem Press,

04 Jan. 1999, p. 538. Accessed September 13th, 2017 EBSCO​host​,

 search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=khh&AN=6347599&site=hrc-li

ve.

This book chapter explains when and where the nuremberg trials were held at.

During August and November of 1945 , international court found more than

twenty nazi leaders guilty of war crime. Great Britain and the United States

established War Crime Commission. The trials were in Germany , Nuremberg

1945 , began on November 20th,1945. “​After the defeat of Nazi Germany in May,

1945, American, British, Soviet, and French leaders met at the London

Conference to make more detailed plans for the trials. They made a list of

twenty-four Nazi leaders and six Nazi organizations that should be brought to trial

as soon as possible. The final list did not include Chancellor Adolf Hitler, Minister

of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels, or Gestapo chief Heinrich Himmler, for they

had all committed suicide”​. ​All of the countries grouped up and decided the

punishments for the Nazis. To sum up , this book chapter helped me understand

how the Nuremberg trial began and it will help me on my project to explain how

all of the country worked together to punish the Nazis.

Marrus, Michael R. "The Nuremberg Trial: Fifty Years Later." ["American Scholar"].

American Scholar​, vol. 66, no. 4, Sept. 1997, p. 563. EBSCO​host​, Accessed

search.ebscohost.com/ Accessed September 5, 2017

This Book explains the results of the Nuremberg Trials and the reasons all of the

German leaders were put on trial and explains all of the charges they received.
Every Nazi leader received the death penalty for what they did during World War

2. Twenty-two Nazi leaders were sentenced to death , three of the Nazi leader

committed suicide before being put on trial .The author goes deep down in

description about what they did and caused and the result of their punishment .

This book help me understand more in my research and understand more about

the charges and trials and the reasons why this event made a big impact to the

world.