CHAPTER 8: STATISTICS I AND II

8.1 Pie chart - used for illustration and comparison of different categories of data.
For a quantity P, the angle of the sector representing P is

Frequency of P
Angle of sector = �360�
Total frequency
= Frequency of P �360�

Statistics I and II 1
 Angle of the sector for
Example village D =
1. The table below 28 =
shows the number of �360�
280
students Angle of the sector for
living in 4 villages. art blocks =
= 36º
Village A
No. of students 84
Pie Chart
B D
C
Construct a pie chart
to show the =
distribution of A
B
students living in the Angle of the sector
four villages. for graph books
=
Answer:
Total number of
students =
84+112+56+28
=
= 280
Angle of the sector for Angle of the sector for
village A = pens =
84
�360�
280

= Example 8.11
108� The table below shows =
the sale of items at the
school co-operative Angle of the sector for
book store. erasers =
Angle of the sector for
112 Item Exe. Art Graph Pen Eraser
village B = Calculate the angles of
280 sectors representing Book Block Book
�360� each of the items. Units 200 130 90 160 140
Construct a pie chart
= to show the
1 distribution of the
1 items. Pie Chart
4
º Total number of units
=
200+130+90+160+140
Angle of the sector for
village C = =
56
�360� Angle of the sector for
280 exercise books =
= 72º

Statistics I and II 1
Example Exercise 8.1.2
2. 2.
Fried Rice Play football

Curry Noodle Watch

Noodle 60o Soup TV 60o
40o 120o Swimming

140o 130o

Fried Noodle Surf the Internet

The pie chart shows The pie chart shows

the types of food sold the hobbies of a group
by a hawker in a day. of 180
The total sale was students.
RM570.
i) Find the percentage
i) What percentage is of students who like to
the sale for fried surf
noodle? the internet.

140 =
�100% =
360
38.89 % =

ii) What is the angle

representing the sale of ii) Find the number of
curry students who like
noodle? swimming ?

Angle of sector for Angle of sector for

curry noodle swimming
= 360º – 140º – = 360º – 130º –
40º – 60º 120º – 60º
= 120º =

Thus, the sale for Number of

curry noodle is students who like
swimming
120
= �570 =
360
= RM190 =

Statistics I and II 2
8.2. MODE Mode =
cm
The mode is the most
common value or the f.
item with the highest Number 0
frequency Of goals
Exercise 8.2 Frequency 2
Examples
Find the mode for the a. 20 kg, 50 kg, Mode =
following set of data. 30 kg, 70 kg, 50 kg, goals
40 kg, 30 kg,
a. 2, 1, 3, 2, 5, 60 kg, 50 kg, 60 kg,
3, 2, 5, 6, 3, 3, 4 50 kg, 60 kg

Mode =
Which data has the
_____ kg
highest frequency !!!

b. 15 cm, 18 cm,
12 cm, 13 cm, 15 cm,
17 cm, 12 cm,
16 cm, 15 cm, 13 cm,
Mode = 3 14 cm, 15 cm

b. 7, 4, 3, 4, 8, Mode =
7, 5, 4, 3 ______ cm

Mode = 4
c. 4, 5, 4, 2, 1,
c. 4, 6, 7, 5, 6
Number 0
Of goals Mode =
Frequency 3

d.
The Number of
highest matches played
frequency Frequency

Mode = 2
Mode =
d. _______matches
Grade A
Frequency 6
e.
Height 120
( cm )
Mode = Grade Frequency 5
B

Statistics I and II 3
8.3 MEDIAN d. RM5, RM7, Total
RM9, RM6, RM8, frequency = 2 + 5 + 4
The median is the RM6, +4+2 =
value which is located RM10, RM9
in the middle of the Median =
set of values that has = 5, 6, 6, Number of
been arranged in 7, 8, 9, 9, 10 goals of the
increasing or ___ th
decreasing order.
Median = Frequency
Examples RM7 + RM8
2 =
Determine the median goals
from the following
=
sets of data. f.
RM7.50
Grade A
a. 2, 6, 9, 4, 3, 4, Numbers of 6
5, 6, 7 students

Re-arrange the numbers in Total

sequence Exercise 8.3 frequency = 6 + 12 +
9+8+2 =
a. 3, 2, 3, 4, 7,
2, 1 Median =
2, 3, 4, 4, 5, Grade of the ____th
6, 6, 7, 9 students
Median =
Median = 5 =
b. 9, 2, 5, 1, 8,
9, 0
b. 9, 7, 3, 4, 8,
6, 7
Median =
= 3, 4, 6, 7,
7, 8, 9
c. 2kg, 4kg,
1kg, 5kg, 4kg, 3kg
Median = 7
Median =
c.. 10kg, 12kg,
18kg, 10kg, 16kg
d. 20cm, 10cm,
30cm, 10cm, 40cm
= 10, 10, 12,
16, 18
Median =
Median =
e.
12kg
Number 0
Of goals
Frequency 2

Statistics I and II 4
 Mean =
8.4 MEAN (15  3) + (20  4) + (25  2Subjective
) Questions
+ (30  4) + (35  3) I :
Mean is the sum of all
the values divided by 3+ 4+ 2+ 4+ 3 A) A Mathematics
the number of data quiz is carried out in a
= class.
45 + 80 + 50 + 120 + 105 Below are the
sum of all the values 16 marks obtained by the
Mean = students 4. Calculate the
total number of values
= from that class. mean mark.
400
When a set of data is 16 2 5
given in a frequency
= RM 5 4
table, 5. Construct a bar
25 1 5 chart based on
sum of (class mark �corresponding frequency)
Mean = the data above.
total frequency 3 4

Exercise 8.4 2 5
Examples 5 3
a. 20, 30, 25,
a. 5, 2, 6, 3, 4, 27, 31, 35
6, 5, 2, 3 1. From the data
Mean =
above, complete
= the frequency
5+ 2+ 6+3+ 4+ 6 +5+ 2+3 table below. 6. State the median
Mean =
9 of the marks.
=
36
= Marks
9 b. 7 cm, 8cm,
= 4 6cm, 9cm, 5cm, 7cm 1
b. 3.5m, 2.8m, Mean = 2
4.3m, 3.8m, 3.6m
= 3

3.5 + 2.8 + 4.3 + 3.8 + 3.6 = 4

Mean =
5
c. 5
Mass (g) 3.5
= Frequency 5
2. How many
18
m students scored
5 Mean =
4 marks?
= 3.6
m =
c. 3. Draw a pie chart
Price (RM) 15 =
based on the
Frequency 3 data above.
=
Statistics I and II 5
Objective Questions marks? scored more 1. State the lowest
I: A. 2 than 3 marks? value in the
A. 2 data.
1. How many C.
students are 8 C.
there in that B. 4 50 2. State the mode
class? B. 5 of the data.
A. 12 D.
12 D.
C. 67 3. Construct a bar
20 5. How many chart based on
B. 18 students scored 9. If the passing the data.
4 marks and mark is 3, how
D. above? many
24 A. 5 students failed?
A. 2
C.
10 C.
2. State the B. 7 8
number of B. 6
students who D.
scored 12 D.
3 marks only. 12 4. Calculate the
A. 2 6. State the mode average
of the data. 10. State the allowance
A. 2 percentage of brought by the
C.
failure. students.
5
B. 4 C. A. 10
6
D. B. 5 C.
6 33
D. B. 25
7
5. Find the median
3. How many D.
data.
students scored 7. State the 50
the highest percentage of
marks? students scored
A. 4 2 marks. B) The daily
A. 3.3 allowance (in RM) of
C. 10 students are
6 C. shown below.
Objective Questions
B. 5 15 II :
B. 8.3
1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2,
D. 1. How many
7 D. students brought
25 Subjective Questions RM 1 to school?
II: A. 1
4. How many 8. How many
students scored percent of the
less than 3 students
Statistics I and II 6
 8. What is the
5. State the difference, in
C. percentage of RM, between
3 students who the mode and
B. 2 brought RM2. the mean of the
A. 30% data above.

D. C. A. 1.5
4 50%
B. 40% C.
2. What is the 2.3
highest value of D. B. 1.7
the data? 60%
A. 2 D.
4.0

C. 6. State the 9. If there is an

4 percentage of additional 2
B. 3 students who students who
brought less brought RM3
than RM 2. each, calculate
D. A. 40% the new mean,
5 in RM.
C.
3. How many 60% A. 1.50
students brought B. 50%
more than RM 1 C.
to school? D. 1.86
A. 2 90% B. 1.70

7. State the D.
C. fraction of 1.92
5 students who
B. 4 brought RM 1. 10. If the data above
1 is represented in
A. a pie chart,
D. 5
calculate the
6 angle for the
C. RM1 sector.
4. Calculate the
total allowance 3
A. 120°
brought by all 5
students. 2
B. C.
A. 6 5 180°
B. 144°
C.
13 D. D.
B. 10
4 210°
D. 5
17
Statistics I and II 7
8.5 Questions Based The average number of
on the Examination students who scored A
Format in a month is
A. 10
1. The bar chart shows C. 18
the number of books B. 16
sold in a book store in D. 26
6 months.
The line graph shows 6. The pictogram
No. of the sale of chocolate shows the number of
books cakes in a week. Given pencils owned by Ali,
that a piece of Lim and Bala.
240 chocolate cake costs
200 RM0.60, calculate the Ali
160 sale of chocolate cakes
Lim
120 on Saturday and
Sunday. Bala
80
A. RM60 represents x
40
C. RM96 pencils
Jan Feb Mac B. RM100
Apr May June
D. RM160 Find the value of x if
Calculate the 4. The frequency table the total number of
percentage of books shows the number of
sold in April. books in the bags of a Number of books 2 3 4 5 6
A. 20 group of students. Frequency 4 6 5 a 8
C. 24 pencils is 36.
B. 22 A. 3
D. 26 C. 5
Given that the mode B. 4
2. The table shows is 6 books, find the D. 6
the marks obtained greatest possible value
by 50 students in a of a.
Geography test. A. 5 For questions 7 and 8,
Marks C. 6 please refer to the
0 – 39 B. 7 following frequency
40 – 49 D. 8 table.
50 – 59
60 – 79 5. The pictogram Mass (kg)
80 – 100 shows the number of 50
students who obtained 52
Calculate the grade A in three 54
percentage of students history tests.
56
who obtained more 58
than 49 marks. January
60
A. 40 Mac
C. 60
B. 56 May
D. 74 represents 6
Sale of chocolate cakes

students
3. .
100
80
Statistics I and II 8
60
40
20
0 Days
M T W T F S S
7. The median, in kg,
is
A. 54
C. 56
B. 55
D. 58
Calculate the angle of
8. The mean, in kg, is the sector which
A. 55.8 represents black balls.
C. 56.2 10. The total number A. 110
B. 55.7 of boys and girls C. 125
D. 57.5 in the 3 schools is B. 100
A. 1800 D. 150
9. The bar chart shows C.
the number of 1200 14. Given that the
coconuts
250 sold by B. 2000 mean for 3, 4, p, 7, 5,
Ahmad in five days. D. 6, 4 and 3 is 5. Find
200 3000 the value of p.
A. 5
11. The total C. 7
150
difference in the B. 6
number of boys D. 8
100 and girls in the 3
schools is 15. The table shows
50 A. 300 the scores obtained by
C. 500 a group of students in
0 B. 400 a match.
Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri D. 600
Scores 2 4 6 8
Number of students 3 2 3 4
12. The table shows
Calculate the mean for the scores and their Find the median
the number of respective frequencies score.
coconuts sold per day. in a match. A. 5
Scores 1 2 3 4 5
A. 150 C. 240
Frequency 3 5 8 4 6
B. 200 D. 300
C. 6
What is the mode
B. 5.5
For questions 10 and score?
D. 7
11, please refer to the
1200 A. 2
bar chart below. C. 4
B. 3
1000
D. 5
800 13. The pie chart
shows the number of
600 coloured balls in a
store. Green
400 8
Purple
12
200 6
White
Statistics I and II 9
0
A B C Schools 10
Represents boys
Black
Represents girls
8.6 Past Year SPM 40º Represents the number of
Questions 150 visitors teenagers whose
120º hobby is swimming to
Paper 1 A total of 5400 visitors the number whose
were at the Expo over hobby is fishing.
November 2003 the five days. The A. 2 : 1
number of visitors on C. 3 : 1
1. The pictograph Friday was twice the B. 2 : 3
shows the sale of number of visitors on D. 4 : 3
magazines in a 32º
Wednesday.
particular week. The How many visitors
number of sports were there on
magazines sold is not Given that the total Tuesday?
shown. spent on these A. 1050
groceries is C. 1500
Fashion RM400. The amount B. 1450
Entertainment spent on margarine is D. 2175
Sports RM 80.
Find the ratio of the 4. The table shows the
 represents amount spent on heights of samples of
12 copies of margarine to the seedlings.
magazines amount spent on sugar. Heights (in cm) 9 – 11 12 – 14
No. of seedlings 5
Entertainment A 1:5
magazines make up C Calculate the mean
25% of the total the 3: 10 height, in cm, of the
sales that week. B 3:4 seedlings.
Calculate the number D A. 13.06
of sports magazines 4: 15 C. 14.56
sold. B. 13.56
D. 15.56
A 26
C 5.
84 July 2004
B 39
D 3. The pictograph Fishing
94 which shows the Reading
number of visitors at 72o
o
144
an Expo on three Drawing
2. The pie chart shows particular days.
the amount spent on Swimming
five Monday
types of groceries The pie chart shows
in a shop on a Tuesday the hobbies of a group
particular day. Wednesday of teenagers. The
number of teenagers
Thursday
whose hobby is
Friday drawing is 50% of the
number whose hobby
is swimming.
Calculate the ratio of
Statistics I and II 10
November 2004 Aman 160 July 2005 Frequency
Bestari
6. The bar chart TOTAL 420 8. The table shows the Which of the
shows the scores of a marks obtained by a following is the correct
group of pupils in a Calculate the number group of 40 pupils in a calculation for the
test. of students in the test. mean height of the 50
Bestari Marks 50 – 59 60 – 69young plants?
Number of pupils Group. No. of pupils 2 8
A.
A 300 If the pass mark is 60, 10( 4) + 13(12) + 16(18) + 19(10
C calculate the 50
340 percentage of these B.
B 310 pupils who passed. 10(4) + 13(16) + 16(34) + 19(44
D A. 20
C. 80 50
380
B. 75 C.
D. 95 11(4) + 14(12) + 17(18) + 20(10
1 2
3 4 5 50
Score 9. The pictograph D.
shows the number of 12(4) + 15(16) + 18(34) + 21(44
State the books sold in three 50
modal score. particular days.

A 6 Thursday
C Friday
3
Saturday
B 5
D
2 Represents
x books

7. The pie chart shows The mean number of

the combined results books sold per day is
of a test 60 books. Calculate
taken by two the number of books
groups of students. sold on Saturday.
The table A. 20
shows the results of C. 105
the groups, but it is B. 28
incomplete. D. 140

10. The table is a

FAIL cumulative frequency
table which shows the
280º height of 50 young
plants.

Height (cm) 10 –
12
Group No. of passes Cumulative 4
Statistics I and II 11
November 2005
15. The table below
11. Diagram below is July 2006 shows the distribution 17. The diagram
a pictograph which of the scores of a shows a set of six
shows the 13. The frequency group of pupils in a pieces of data where x
number of fruit distribution shows the quiz. represents an integer.
trees in an orchard. scores obtained by a
group of pupils in a Score 0 1 3, 3, 6, x, x, 3
Durian game. Frequency 2 6
The mode for the data
Rambutan Score 1 2 The median score of is 3 and the median is
Frequency 6 k the distribution is 4. Two new pieces of
Mangosteen data, 4 and 7, were put
If 2 is the modal score, A 1 into the set. Calculate
the minimum value of C 2 the mean for those
k is B 1.5 eight pieces of data.
represents 25 trees A. 11 D 2.5
C. 9 A 4.00
The ratio of rambutan B. 10 C 4.25
trees to mangosteen D. 6 16. The diagram B 4.13
trees is 3 : 2 . Find below is a pictograph D 4.50
the number of durian showing the number of
trees and mangosteen 14. Diagram is a bar eggs sold in January
trees altogether. chart showing the and February. The
number of candidates number of eggs sold in
A. 225 who obtained scores 1 March and April are
C. 300 to 5 in an achievement not shown
B. 275 test.
D. 400 January 000000
Number of
February 000000000
12. The frequency Candidates March
table shows the mass April
of fish caught by 20 25 0 represents 200 eggs
fishermen. 20
15
Mass of fish caught (kg) 10
11 – 13 5 A total of 5000 eggs
14 – 16 were sold in those four
0 1 3 4 months.
5 Score
17 – 19 2 The number
20 – 22 of eggs sold in March
23 - 25 Calculate the mean was three times the
score. number of eggs sold in
Calculate the mean April.
mass, in kg, of fish A. 3.0 The number of eggs
caught by a fisherman. C. 3.5 sold in March was
B. 3.1
A. 16.1 D. 4.0 A 1500
C. 18.1 C 2250
B. 17.1 B 2000
D. 20.0 November 2006 D 3000
Statistics I and II 12