Pt = 0.

0186

D
1y = 431.MPD
AsF 3770mm1
}\=0.(1182
~: 309MPa lsfhoop
fe'= 2S.3MPa Urrx-lure
t = 0.0000033/sec
!lQIL
1/tfPa :1l.5ps1
1MN ~ 225ksps

- · - Mod1f1ed Kenl-Pbrk (Eqs 1 lo t,J

-Unil.2
---- Unt1 1
(Pbt11 Concrete)

1
1

: Is! hoop

~'""~
{a) Unit 17 (b) llnit 15 ~~~~-'--"',,-L__~~_,_.,o~~~~~~~~
0.01 0.Ql 0.111 STRMI O 0.03 STRAIN
loJ LOAD-5~ Ws le! CORE CONCRETESTRESS-SrRAfN CURVE

Fig. 9 - Unit 2 - Concentric loading at the low strain

rate

~~ ""! [,.. ~
P¡ o 0.0179
fy·19'11fPb
Ast'3619mm1 ~ }00
Ps: Q.017'
Yfiº 109MPa
it '25.3/tfPa
i • 0.0000033/sec
ª
"' lsfhoop

fracl~re ~
o _ __.l.__._._J_
NOTE"
1MPa: 1'Sps1
º 0.01 O.O:l 0.03 SrRAIN
--

fbJHOOP STRESS-LONGIT~AI. SrRA#I

1/tlN US1<¡ps

-·- Moád1e<1Kenf-/>arl(ffqs 1fo'I

- Un1l6
-··-- Und 1
IPla,,.,Carcrele/

----, 1
1

1stnoop 1

froc~
1

s
º·"' 0.03

Fíg. JO - Unit 6 - Concentric loadíng at the low

strain rate

rate. Sorne error is introduced in using the results of

Fig. 8 - Features oí failure for various test units
sus the longitudinal strain. These results are plotted for
six typical test units in Fig. 9 to 14. The plotted results
for all the units rnay be seen elsewhere.' Sorne infor-
rnation on rneasured stresses and strains is given in
Table l.
Concentrically loaded units
Fig. 9 to 12 illustrate the results obtained frorn typ-
ical concentrically loaded units with low and high
strain rates. The load-longitudinal strain curves show
the sequential fracture of the hoops as steps of de-
creasing load. Superirnposed on those figures are also
the load-longitudinal strain curves for the longitudinal
steel and the cover concrete. The load-strain curve for
the longitudinal steel in cornpression was calculated
using the stress-strain curves rneasured in tension at a
low loading rate on bar sarnples. The load-strain curve
for the concrete cover was calculated frorn the stress-
strain curve rneasured up to a strain of 0.01 on the
unreinforced U nit 1 which was tested at the low strain
ACI JOURNAL I January-February 1982
Unit 1 to represent the behavior of the cover concrete
for the units with the high strain rate, but the error is
srnall. For exarnple, an error of 0.15 fe' in the stress
carried by the concrete cover would cause a 2 percent
difference to the stress carried by the concrete core.
The load-longitudinal strain curve for the core concrete
was attained by subtracting the contributions of the
longitudinal steel and the cover concrete frorn the total
load-longitudinal strain curves. Dividing by the core
area enabled the core concrete stress-longitudinal strain
curve to be obtained; this curve has been plotted in
Fig. 9 to 12 up to the stage of first hoop fracture as
a fraction of cylinder cornpressive strength. The core
area was rneasured to the outside of the peripheral
hoop, in keeping with the definition in the ACI code. 1
Exarnination of Fig. 9 to 12 indicates that substantial
enhancernent of peak concrete core cornpressive
strength was obtained as a result of the confinernent.
For Units 2 and 6, tested at the low strain rate, the
strength enhancernent was about 20 percent, while for
U nits 3 and 15, tested at the high strain rate, the
strength enhancernent was about 70 percent, related to
the unconfined cylinder cornpressive strength. The con-
sistent strength enhancernent found in these tests as a
result of confinernent contradicts earlier conclusions by
19