ASS Sel pa er THE KEY TO ARABIC Fast Track to Reading and Writing Arabic Dr. Imran Hamza AlawiyeIntroduction and Notes for Teachers ‘The Key to Arabic’ teaches students the stills they need to read and write Arabic. The letters of the alphabet are introduced one at a time, and the student is given the opportunity to read each letter with the various possible combinations of long and short vowels, as well as the ‘ay’ and ‘ow’ dipthongs, sukoon and shadda. The use of colour coding in presenting the various yowel sounds helps the student to grasp them more quickly. Each letter Is also shown in all its forms: initial, medial, final and isolate so that the student can learn to recognise the letter wherever it appears in the word, as well as how to write it. Clear anowed diagrams show the student the correct pen direction when wilting Arabic words are introduced from an early stage, but no word contains letters that the student has not already covered. This assimilative approach enables the student to learn the alphabet in a gradual yet thorough manner, without feeling daunted by the prospect of having to learn the entire alphabet at one go. Each letter in the first half of the alphabet is covered on a double-page spread. As the student's confidence in reading and writing increases, this is reduced fo a single page per letter, and exercises are introduced to reinforce reading and writing skills and to encourage some basic vocabulary acquisition. For the self-taught student, a quick reference guide to reading skills s provided at the outset to enable him or her to understand the various vowel sounds and gain an overview of the Method of joining Arabic letters together to form words, betore putting the skill Into practice. An optional CD recording of the materials in this workbook is available to help students in mastering correct Arabic pronunciation. Atte completing the alphabet, students have the chance to develop their skills further through set of carefully designed exercises. The first of these (p.55) provides an opportunity for read- ing and dictation practice, by presenting pairs of similar sounding words. This encourages the student to listen carefully and distinguish between letters that might easily be contused by the non-Arabie-speaker, Pages 56-59 introduce simple non-verbal sentences using the masculine and feminine forms of “This is...", a8 well as a wide range of useful vocabulary, Page 60 teaches the alif al-maqsura, with plenty of reading practice, The primary use of ‘al’ (‘the’) is taught on pages 61-64, with an explanation of how the following sun and moon letters affect the pronunciation of this word. Pages 65-68 employ passages of dialogue to teach the student simple useful expressions such @s greetings, introducing oneself, asking someone their name and saying goodbye. These dialogues can form the basis for role playing within the classroom setting. The dialogues on page 67 can easily be adapted as a classroom game whereby one student imagines another student to be in one of the places shown on the page, and the rest of the class take turns to ‘ask questions in Arabic to establish the imaginary person's identity and whereabouts Having completed “The Key to Arabic" successfully, students should feel comfortable in reading any passage of vocalised text presented to thern, and will hopefully have gained the confidence needed to take their study of this challenging language further.2 ot a The Arabic Alphabet pape) SypJiovo ” Quick Reference Guide to Reading Skills aa 6066 68 et yw 2%, oa o & sukoon_o uy | shoddo | gc an un un ng i {ho vows) (doubled 7 + letten) 1. The Short Vowels and Tanween ‘There are three short vowels in Arabic. They are written above or below the Arabic letters 9) Kasra This is ashort diagonal stroke witten below an Arabic letter. __ Tiispronounced "asin the Engisn word’ ip" og 2 Di if kasta is doubled, i changes the sound from ‘ito ‘in’ asin the English word tin’, This doubling of the vowels known 2 as “tanween kasra eg 2 Din 3 b) Damma _ thisis shaped rather lke a small version of the Arabic letter 4 woay, and itis witten above an Arabic letter itis pronounced *u', asin the English word ‘full’ eg 2 wo 38 Du or _ If damme is doubled, it changes the sound from ‘u' to ‘un’ os in the English word ‘sun’. This doubling of the vowel s known, e 8 “tanween damma”, The two dammos are usually written ina Joineo-up form, though they may also be written separately.e.g, > Dun ¢)Fatha ___This sa short diagonal stroke written above an Arabic letter, e imeaer Itis pronounced ‘a’, asin the English word ‘dad ag 3. 2 Da If fatha is doubleg, it changes the sound from ‘a’ fo ‘an’ as in the English word ’man’. itis usualy ~ though not always — 2 supported by an alif. This doubling of the vowel is known: \ as “tanween fatha" eg 12 Dan Rin Ran win ’ wun2. Joining up Arabic Letters Arabic Is written trom tight to left across the page. Arabic words are wrltten in a joined-up form, To Gchieve this, the letters within a word must be extended to join up with the following letter, unless they are one of the six ‘naughty’ letters (see overleaf), The letters that are being extended lose theit tals iv the Joining process. The last letter in the word witten In its final form, which usually resembles the Isolate or ’by its” form of the letter, though itis attached to the letter lust before it by a short joining line You wil ean the correct way of joining each letter during the course of this book, but for now, study the following examples to gain an overview of how letters are joined Q) ‘Boat’ shaped letters eae Oe GES frostonanm es 244 <_ - » 4 eae na eo niger OY oan 6fi| ~ € eae | ard ® - b) Letters with U-shaped tails . edo a we tt focname 2B] 6 i, i a be Oy DS epee ey momma S| eit Jace ra HN to stick ©) Letters with trailing tails fe to succes we EEE Te ftosecess ee Coe ee tobe buy (Lae tote! dnd embarassed d) Other letters, excluding the ‘naughty letters’ Sept b focowens Bl org gs] fertune 2 obey ne] I tar I 5aa oo, 88 6 8 Yow ° a a pg B3 - 8 sukoon ou _i_shadda_|__a fon un un i) gy (ho vowel) (doubled = letien) c i “ e) The ‘Naughty’ Letters There ore six ‘naughty’ letters, which cannot be extended to the left and as a result should not be connected to the letter in front of them, The six naughty letters are. (23 9 1 fuetteict=ot] ots pasytd dgadts sty ~&s 3. The Long Vowels Three otters of the Arabic clphabet are used fo lengthen the sound of the short vowels. These letters ares peered to lengthen the “uf sound of amma, so it sounds like '00' asin ‘moon’ Yaa is used to lengthen the *I' of kasta, so it sounds like ‘ee’ as in ‘knee’ | Aliris used to lengthen the " sound of fatha, soit sounds ike ‘aa’ (acrdvark’)| 2 & # eee ib & & Roo Joo Boo Ree Jee Bee Raa Jaa Baa When aii itself slengthened by on al, it becomes an extra long ‘ao’ sound called aif ct madd, which i wien ike tis: T 2.9, ‘Aoarneen’ (amen): Cp-*| When a laam is followed by an allf, there is a special way of writing it (called a laar-alif) which looks like “ Boo wl>> watermelon seeds Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words. hijab, headscarf pilgrims aoe 8 protest dhe looked for; he resenrched ee * £2 wees| | ieaa 00,68 3“ 4 ¥ a 7 a * we a8 * ’ sukoon_ au __i_shadda_| on un un in gu Tho vowel (doubled 3 +S l letter) il ¥ = Copy each fow twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. @ a 5 a 3 3 (i SoS Cee = Khoa af Boo: mA * 2 18Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words. amy sister sv wicked person a peach he hid, concealed o - ge" ms > ee We ‘a peach Ee iy brother my sister 9aa 0088 6 2 4 w 2 3 a Rh a8 ~ # sukoon ay i_shadda |g Gon un un in a Tho vowel) {doubled oe latte ? 2 - Copy each row twice onta the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. #3 a ae 23 255 4 3 lease SD Boy 5 — rtilan | 593 ts Usbear wR > arriting anal worm Bg - ae oe a 5299 1 grandfather (gd my grandfather ‘achicker, hen Copy each row onto the lines provided ond practise reading the words | aber achickon g 3 a- oe sound of footsteps he began ge en fA A 21Ga 006 6 a ’ w ic , * wae ’ 3 a ar ie Wn Tho vowel Zdoubied a De 2 Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. ® ain.) « % « | 4/2 | Y: 222 iia I a 2 =e - ° - Dhaal (sound as in ‘the’) || = ’ a& | al Z at | @as 43 - 8 __$55.| _S35 BSS. | {5 Be Bi 3 , : : ie ae olde awolf | eS ws afy tee abs 23Find a word on the right that matches a picture on the left, then write it out in its joined-up form next to the correct picture. 2B ie a he oF 1 bio) eet 24Find a word on the right that matches @ picture on the left, then wiite it out in its joined-up form next to the correct picture. =maa eS 6 8 4 w 2 = f aB - sukoon_ au i shodda on un un in (no vowel) (doubled letten - 2 a Copy eich row twice onto the lines provided and practise reacing the sounds. oS 2 ro 6 3 zi dt SydCopy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words bicycle com, maize Rajab (name of month) | my Lord Be ge as Bore 7 4e-| 5 Oj et abieycle = * of —— ay —= test, experiment abull reward: pay, wages post, mail ‘echameleon Bee s a ely at an sla corn, maize Bs 345 2a a @ ¥ «4 - 3 eh BD 3 sukoon a ui shadda_| on un un _in vu Te vowe) Gases letter) 2 es “ ‘Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. 23 aa + 3 2 aCopy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words. elie, falsehood | a drinking glass, tumbler wos Be 8 | 9h 4a le} a butcher Boe ie carrots a place of safety ee we tee ao a breadaa 06,8 $e #@ « 2% 2 a 38 sukoon a _u__i_shadda_| nun _un Tho vows aie ame a ietten) 2 Copy each tow twice onte the lines provided ond practise reading the sounds - 3 3 é 3 Spt | ttn matt htt 20Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words. ‘prayer mat > ae. balou | : abed woe rr a computer Glsukoon_a a u ¥ i shadda ‘aa 0O- 2 on 2 un as un (ho vowel) (doubled letter) —.- Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. 32Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words insects wood atre (aay ae insets Zt oS Wyre eS 1 feather she is drinkingaoe ao 8 o 2 3 wae - 4 sukoon_ au i shodda_| on un un in Fete ane Oe letter) - 2 Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds - 3 - ¥ - “ 3 | CO ne fh nn a PP Saad - ace cea a wee eee leew Lb vy 34a pear Be particular, specific pears e se a abus 35 Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words, mat I io = TOa 6 3 ¢ w 2 a # wo BR , 3 sukoon a ui shadda_| 4$—a0 un unin au Tho vowel ‘eoubied” > letter) ¥ = e Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. 3B 4 3 Z a 2| Copy each row onto the lines provided and practise reading the words. civilisation «x molar tot light noise, din Be 2 8 molar tooth Sr ‘ eS 2 anege oe earth, ground em Pe, aos ofnee Find a word on the tight that matches a picture on the lett, then write it out in its joined-up form next 19 ‘the correct picture. Boo - Lge 1' ta +I@ warle| Bed the missing letters in the box on the right o complete each word so that it matches its picture,6 4@ ¥ 2 it 0, PR ew 8S : sukoon_ au i shadda on un un ino rr) Saas 3 letter) zi = Copy each 1ow twice onto the ines provided and practise reacing the sounds. bp eb! bl . 7 x # os ze 2 . a “pp te gs an aeroplane 2 path way a duck map, chart Lie Lb | it 2 ‘adoctoronto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. (Lite the Sound of he, — es only heater) ah Po soo a wet murse we ws00, 68 a en er 4 Bb sukoon_ au __|_shadda_| 26 on un un in 2 2 - letter) Copy each tow twice onta the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. 42sles es “OG « poro mann ‘finger | Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. ARSE Aras a parrat a wrist 26° Ros playa é ¢ o ey a = wae letter) ‘Copy each 1ow twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds, sukoon_a ui shaada_| on un unin Tho vowel) Geaned 3 } ak ae ea : Abo | mes ob awhistte smenvelope a pavement, stew room #04 e - Bod Bo. 5 oy 48,5 8)cat yellow whistle ¥ a er @ a) sls Elke brifease Copy each row twice onto the ines provided and practise reading the sounds. =Break up each word on the right into its separate letters, then rewiite It in ts joined form, Wiite the meaning of the word in English in the left hand column. The fitst one has been done for you. w e s 4 a.doctor kal oH (Se bbBreak up each word on the right into its separate letters, then rewrite it in its joined form. Write the ‘meaning of the word in English in the left hand column. The first one has been done for you. Brod Belo 8 ae ys 42 & creaa 00,85 6 8 4 i 3 a 8 33 - 8 j sukoon Go ui shadda on un un in gy | Tho voweh a | letter) if # # | | Copy each tow twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. ass os BH SA wm Ga oe i” By ra BU | we | oe‘an elephant | ee 8 ds aspinl (= window 2) B.:: icoly! Sut Copy each row iwice onto the Ines provided and practise reading the sounds. | ee j Jt J Hits sig a soft, couch Ki ot aus Fg aao 8 tw BSE oe i sukoon_a _u__|_snodda_| 34500 yp ng Tho vows) Taoubied = - letter - * 2 —— Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise — the sounds. 23 Z 23 8 2 Ys . B a pee lees le, » ioe i = aa Se teens Mg ae ge ag a = = 1, 1 ee ee an - aap = _ a imam, prayer ter] a teacher (m.) amouth = | amuse wees Be we 8 el _ i 4.2 pos 50an ostrich > camel falas a mouth of bee «a ostrich Boeee vy 2 Pee aye sukoon_a yu _|_shodda_| on un un in go uy Tevewoh oo oe letter), - ¥ - Copy each row fwice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds "nan ? 3 | 2 3 © age | 4g A 6 8 8 a + 2 Haa 7 we? oe Tw oe | 73 ere age | age gga Lh aa OK yp Pit ‘an alarm clock important telephone oe har-working 82‘a peacock oy black z _@ ‘rfl i telephone tas yi 585 “oo Copy each row twice onto the ines provide and practise reading the sounds met puppy sr progress black “a fice Rez Bsa | Bee Bor sgh ge ph pte3 a a a one a 2 sukoon au _i_shaddo_| 34S an un un in u (no vowel) (doubled letter) z i Z Copy each row twice onto the lines provided and practise reading the sounds. \ « 3 Zz 3 + 4 SG —— ai tine | c ' ge SEE OG, Yaa git | tee} tet sel grey (gray) chair aketile be Be ge gol, le NeSimilar Sounding Words The pats of words listed below demonstrate the importance of correct pronunciation in Arabic, because the sightest difference in sound can totally change the meaning of word. Each pair of words below Contains similar sounding letters, Practise reading them several times with your Arabic teacher until you can tell hem apart. Then ask your teacher to dictate them fo you until you can write them down conrectly, * z | * spacious stocvent Teena’ || coy so ob ote eae aa, checkup: awe; respect) 18 || pit atrend er sresliga. vee ot ae ae aa, dese AP> metiance Ley || coverness — dakad gerorg Boe oo aug contect Sl pe roncras N55 || remeosies SIS nesaia foe Boog direction pe aes Se |] cos aneart eo Boe | 24g - oe glossy ie ro he | nedeceived 31S] nowoctos al Hew ten | 2 by a ‘apyremia hot || otter why | som yan re te forbidcen Coss | 2 zone 4 eae eee | Boon Boon he strove, Agee he denied dew || cpath, trai > | beatin Z brdseveured si > 2° | Ri? Boe woe | Beg Bee s 5] anc 5 |) estoncn. vey, ave re move re |) Sen PP | HERB awenarn “fal eprom — “Jal |] norewns 5 nett Boe Boe aos a8 conterson, CH \;261 proerton U2 =>) fowes —_y gj | appearance woe * bran SHE 1001 1 || newnsted pane | ne troveted se Bee ae shongeness ANF in aL |) repoued — 2 | ensuites Sas Bo Bo te excess gE emptiness ge || sonintow gene | sorceryThis is .. It you want fo say ‘This is a (something)’ in Arabic, you need to know whether the thing you are introducing is masculine or feminine. Many singular feminine nouns in Arabic end in a ‘tied toa" (!aa marbuta) and are therefore easly recognisable. Most singular nouns that do not end in taa marbuta are masculine. In Arabic, the verb “to be' Is nat usually used in the present tense, so you don't need a separate word for ‘ls’ in the sentences that follow, because the idea of ‘is is implied in the word for “this ‘The masculine word for ‘This is! in Arabic is | Ja which is pronounced *haagin BAe ae sound ater the haa, For example: This s o (male) teacher: pies \Jus (nacane mu'atimun), O8if it has along ‘ao! The feminine word for ‘This is’ in Arabic Is: @ JUS which is pronounced *haaghihi’, again, as if it has a long “09' sound oftertne naa at the beginning of the word eee For example: This s a (female) teacher: detee 9 Le (haaghini mu‘alimatun) Practise reading the following sentences and lear the words ana their meanings. Copy each sentence out onto the line provided. This isa chair, This iva lock. This isa drum. This is a (pair off This isa book lasses. This is. toi This isa fork. This is a cup. This isa hall This isa desk. BB ies HA, ae eo wt (he |] LBS oie || Sree ole pb ial] AS 86Write o sentence in Arabic under each pictute using the correct form of “This's", following the examples on the opposite page. The words ending in tag marouta are all feminine: the rest are masculine. This is a table. This isa cherry. This is an apricot This isa lemon. This is a fridge (ice box), 4 This isa rabbit. This is a squire. Tis isa cane, || This va (piece of meat. _ |e os eb as wi baad This is afah Thisivaie Thisieatore gps || Thisinasnate. || Thisiva tons Be: se ae 20s Si RPS Obes Old 97Using the vocabulary you have learned during the course of this book to help you, label the arrowed. items in the following pictures, beginning each label with the correct form of "This is’, Two items have been done for you by woy of example. This isa chair. This tsa fork This is a candle yt ole This isa rab. L This isa fish. This isa cup. This isa ball his iv a bieyele fC This is bear. — This is a horse. This is @ pear. j / 58: 3 = iAl-Alif al-Maqsura Some Arabic words have a special kind of alif at the end of them, known as an alif a-magsura. It has the shape of the letter ‘yaa’, but withaut any dots underneath it. It always hes a fathe before it, and itis Usually pronounced ‘aa’, Below are some examples of words ending in al-alif ck magsura. Practise read- ing these words, and then copy them out in your exercise book. ‘a hospital aes acafé ab a building oe 2. goal; range shelter, place of refuge: age # Mustafa ae » * Musa (Moses) as ‘isa (Jesus) Yahyo (John) sana seh Biles naa ea Yusra Gee he strove, endeavoured he intended he came, arived he gave ‘ thworenough gS Sulficisrt “oa smaller younger ae Coe larger, older (feminine) Cr forthe, more 3) ae mn nearer, lower: fantmum higher i higher, superior stronger a patient wr posture, grazing he bull so he ran C= bimapec — afi mares SA he spent time he forbade, bonned he walked paw) he ttled pen 3 veer ss he gave someone dink he told, related he refusedThe Sun and Moon Letters 50 far, the words you have been reading in this book have been indefinite (2.9. a Hook, an eye etc., father than the book, the eye), Tanween Is used on the last letter of c word to show that the word is Indefinite. e.g. kitacbun - a book. ‘One of the ways of making an Arabic word definite is to attach the word ‘al’ (meaning ‘the’) before it. The aif in ‘al’ is a weak alif, meaning that it can only be pronounced if itis ot the beginning of a sentence, (that is to say. when no other letter comes before It). When a word is defined, it can no longer take tanween, Instead, the last letter of the word takes a single vowel (Le. a fatha, kasta or amma). 8.g. a-kitaaibu - the book Ji The Arabic alphabet, os you may already have realised, has twenty-sight letters. These letters are divided into two equal groups. One group is known as the ‘moon letters’, and the other as the ‘sun letters’ When the laam in ‘al’ is followed by one of the moon letters, it automatically takes a sukoon and is pronounced. However, when the laam of ‘al’ is followed by one of the sun letters, it becomes sient (in other words, it isn’t pronounced), When a sun letter comes immediately atter the ‘ol’, a shade must be wiitten on the sun letter. Study the exarnples below, and practise reading them cious! The Fourteen Moon Letters the tran MMeall onon tes necro gw SI achat er bee _ the teccner oteacner thedoor Gal adoor mnecarot yall econo! mnesnoe glad asnoe reer 2. aA Jes the telephone Cail g)| a telephone Cals | the bread pol breod 2 are the boy wei theoldman 5 yoenli cnoldman 3 yaa 2 deere the hand the room| a5 aS arcom esMoon letter reading practice When ‘al’ (the) is preceded by a word ending in a vowel, the alif becomes sient and the preceding ‘vowel sound is sid" together with the Iaam of the ‘al’, so It sounds as if there is no space or pause between the words, Therefore, in the first example below, the sentence would read as follows: “Lac tofis ‘alal-arci." Note that the ‘o" sound of the alif atrmaqsura is shortened, so thot it sounds like a fatha. Similatly, in sentence 14 below, the ‘ee’ sound of “fee’ is shortened os its sid together with the following word, thus: "Lag tada‘il-yada filjayb". It is therefore necessary fo look ahead when reading Arabic to see if the sound at the end of one word needs to be slid together with the next word. Practise reading the sentences below out loud, paying close attention to sliding the sounds together where necessary 1, Don't sit on the ground, gi go nbs’ ain ae 2 2, Ducks ike [the] water pt a 2. tie the] caress goal Ht 4. This [the] snoe is new. x diysioetgl leet lee 5. This [the] bread is delicious, 6. Ike helping the old man. 7. This [the] roomis wide, 8. Don’t put the pen in the mouth 9. This [the] train is fast 10. This [the] chair is broken. 11. This [the] teachers excellent, 12, This [the] telephone is out of order. 13. This [the] boy is polite, 14, Don't put the hand in the pocket. 2The Fourteen Sun Letters When the laam in ‘al’ is followed by one of the sun latters, it becomes silent (not pronounced), and a shadda is written on the sun letter, making the sound of the sun letter more intense. So, for example, “faajun’ (a crown), becomes ‘attagju (the crown). study the examples below, and practise reading them aloud mek the tree Bets!) ate 3 Bpaet | the crown ZE ecioun Be oe tne retigerator 4a SKL arotigerator 2-6 ooh 8 (4 mewnsia Sylia ownste Byles po® the molar 2) amolar tooth’ v. tooth e the doctor(t) Appel!) adoctorit) dyenle the wort CSL wor the vers qe! ownst cnemeore U3, ‘an ostrich a the flower 3B}! aflower L ae aes thepainting da gl apainting Ay | the bed abed ‘As with tho moon letter sentences the las! vowel sound on any word before a word ‘beginning with “al is ‘sid! together with the sun letter. So the fist sentence below would reads: “Yolbasul malikut-tacjadh- hohabiyya.” Practise reading the following sentences out loud. a oe ead cae 1. he king is wearing the golden crown, gail GLE ELL ok neo 2 gb Fee 2.| put the ice in the refrigerator. Ae eet Bg ceogn ott 8 3,1lke the black bear. wep Mok Cel 4 Ra? Megas 4, The wolf ate the rabbit. ay SL St AS ee deb ine 5, This [the] wrist is broken. 7 Me hia tee Beebe 6, This [the] flower is beautiul wales by ods 498 Bane 7. This [the] bed is comfortable. eet a Nha 638, This [the] tree is od, Be tor teas 9. The yellow whistle is blocked, ba gdins ol due eu eee eos 10, This [the] molar tooth is rotten. Ot tr (is hen ot BP 11, That [the] doctor (f.) i skilful. Balsa Reale 12, This [the] envelope is open. 13. The ostrich is faster than the human, 14. This [the] painting is beautiful This girl is opening the window. This boy is siting on the table. fe AN is Gales a ppelll Se HN oie ‘This woman is epping on the compuser| ay pol Ce as This man is reading the newspaper cab Fixek nd Bo a a2 6 ES a a 8 tpl CAS ode O55 This boy is playing basketball. This girl is riding the bicyele. fi Cele) Sth od This woman is drinking the milk. This boy is combing the hair 2 jabs WGI Gas LADialogue 1: Who is this? =| Classroom Activity Vocabulary ° Practise introducing yourself to im your tiends in Arabic, Ask your friend who another petson in the classroom § by saying either ‘Who is this?’ or ‘Who is that boy/girl?’ in Arabic trim) Ae neds) g8 | tnatimy LMS - : nif a misty ode sre) (gt tna) ALS coy Sy 6Dialogue 2: What's your name? eiboly: Fal Get wie a ee tena (rm) [oVedtoadcres fiend (f) BLs opportunity io} mmytiond im) gizae happy or fiend (1) geizte wnenusea $ ~ nt my ten ge oooh a Pioasec to meet you you(m,) bl you (f.) a hetoim) GL eto (7) ay welcome my bh at welcome t) ly Sat my name (is) a your (m) name (is) Leal your(t) name(s) teeta his nome () aad her name (is) yaa what? wu 66Dialogue 3: Where is your friend? Nou “in the brary Hit Vocabulary Sle OWI Peace be upon you eel Roles (Reply): And upon you be peace fos ba oct «i ven ei Le fn 3 Nou in the playground ob E 3... in the sports hall wep go. in the toitet © nt ES 8. in the hendteacher's office weal GE 3... in the dining hallDialogue 4: Goodbye OL ae ey ll JOS ow aie Gethe GEE meet, meeting sl proise 2S moming (anes * : nowae falls LE goodmomng bh cts coc. aioh ALi evening joodbye WIL 5G (reply) good pF tocod 4b 004, wet ye 9 TOLUCA oping 2eich Bl = Go}inoa's abil ott padi clas neotn — Raewe tight ee (Gopincea's 4) SLE 5 good evening peal eo fou ligt ay) until we tL Scop Sy fat | wit aa | how? sus thaet'Spon SUL ll | Copp gooa ene & ‘ howisyourm) $line Las | peace 5» yourconaition, Aue health’ state (m.) how isyour(t) $e 4 Pe Teles’ rotecton Let yourconattion SU a | RERn Soret 2 prose petocod §— «Li LaM to,unt ll wot.goos thy 68