Duran_QrtWave_ZTransf_Butterworth file:///J:/UIC Grad/ECE 424 RF and Microwave Guided Propagation/Fin...

clc
clear all
%%%Butterworth(Binomial Matching) Quarter Wave Impedance Transformer
Zo = 75; %Input Impedance
Rl = 25; %Load Impedance
fo=2.2e9;%design frequency of transformer and center freq
%Bl= pi/2; %Bl - Theta
n=4; %number of sections in transformer
r_max=0.05;%maximum reflection coefficient allowed in our design

Z_est = zeros(1,n+1); %initialize impedance matrix

Z_est(1) = Zo; % First Impedance (1) of the Line = Z0 = 75 Ohms

%For each n section of line calculate the C1, C2, C3, C4

for x=1:n
C_k = factorial(n)/(factorial(x-1)*factorial(n-x+1));%calculate coefficient Ck
%Ref_Value = (2^-n)*c*log(Rl/Zo);
Z_est(x+1) = Z_est(x)*exp((2^-n)*C_k*log(Rl/Zo));%recursively compute the values of Zn
end

%Calculating the Z_est of each Section

Z_est= Z_est(2:length(Z_est))

%Calcualte BW of 4 section Z-Transform

A=(2^-n)*((Rl-Zo)/(Rl+Zo));

BW=2-((4/pi)*(acos(0.5*(r_max/abs(A))^(1/n))));
BW_perct=BW*100%bandwdith of binomial design in percent.

%Frequency
f=[0:0.01:2];
% Calculating the Reflection Coefficients
for i=1:length(f)
Bl = (pi/2).*(f(i));
R_Co(i) = abs((Rl-Zo)/(Rl+Zo)).*(abs(cos(Bl))^n);
end

plot(f,R_Co);
title('Reflection Coefficient vs Frequency');
xlabel('f/fo');
ylabel('Reflection Coefficient');
grid on

Z_est =

Columns 1 through 3

70.0231 53.2060 35.2404

Column 4

26.7769

BW_perct =

76.0397

1 of 2 12/4/2013 4:27 PM
Duran_QrtWave_ZTransf_Butterworth file:///J:/UIC Grad/ECE 424 RF and Microwave Guided Propagation/Fin...

Published with MATLAB® 7.11

2 of 2 12/4/2013 4:27 PM
test_calc_w file:///J:/UIC Grad/ECE 424 RF and Microwave Guided Propagation/Fin...

clc
clear all
%This m-code will Calculate width and length of each section of TL
%depend on substrate h and relative permitivity constant(epsr).

Zf=377;%impedance of free space

epsr=3.38;%relative permitivity
substrate_h=0.762;%substrate depth in mm
fo=2.2e9;%center freq in GHz
c=300e6;%speed of light in vacuum

%Start with Z04

Z04=26.7;%characteristic impedance desired
B04=(Zf*pi)/(2*Z04*sqrt(epsr));
Wh04=(2/pi)*((B04-1-log(B04*2-1)+((epsr-1)/(2*epsr))*(log(B04-1)+.39-(.61/epsr))));
eff04=(epsr+1)/2+(epsr-1)/2*(1/sqrt((1+12/Wh04)));
%Test Z04
Zo4_est=Zf/(sqrt(eff04)*(1.393+Wh04+(2/3)*log(Wh04+1.444)));
w04=Wh04*substrate_h%width of strip section 4 in mm
vp04=c/sqrt(eff04);%velocity of propagation inside substrate
lambda04=vp04/fo;%wavelenght inside substrate
l04=(lambda04/4)%length of quarter wave section accounting substrate

%Z03
Z03=35;%characteristic impedance desired
B03=(Zf*pi)/(2*Z03*sqrt(epsr));
Wh03=(2/pi)*((B03-1-log(B03*2-1)+((epsr-1)/(2*epsr))*(log(B03-1)+.39-(.61/epsr))));
eff03=(epsr+1)/2+(epsr-1)/2*(1/sqrt((1+12/Wh03)));
%Test Z03
Zo3_est=Zf/(sqrt(eff03)*(1.393+Wh03+(2/3)*log(Wh03+1.444)));
w03=Wh03*substrate_h%width of strip section 3 in mm
vp03=c/sqrt(eff03);%velocity of propagation inside substrate
lambda03=vp03/fo;%wavelenght inside substrate
l03=(lambda03/4)%length of quarter wave section accounting substrate

%Z02
Z02=53.2;%characteristic impedance desired
B02=(Zf*pi)/(2*Z02*sqrt(epsr));
Wh02=(2/pi)*((B02-1-log(B02*2-1)+((epsr-1)/(2*epsr))*(log(B02-1)+.39-(.61/epsr))));
eff02=(epsr+1)/2+(epsr-1)/2*(1/sqrt((1+12/Wh02)));
%Test Z02
Zo2_est=Zf/(sqrt(eff02)*(1.393+Wh02+(2/3)*log(Wh02+1.444)));
w02=Wh02*substrate_h%width of strip section 2 in mm
vp02=c/sqrt(eff02);%velocity of propagation inside substrate
lambda02=vp02/fo;%wavelenght inside substrate
l02=(lambda02/4)%length of quarter wave section accounting substrate

%Z01
Z01=70;
A01=(Z01/60)*sqrt((epsr+1)/2)+(epsr-1)/(epsr+1)*(.23+(.11/epsr));
Wh01=(8*exp(A01))/(exp(2*A01)-2);
eff01=(epsr+1)/2+(epsr-1)/2*(1/sqrt((1+12/Wh01)));
%Test Z01
Zo1_est=Zf/(2*pi*sqrt(eff01))*log(8*(1/Wh01)+1/4*(Wh01));
w01=Wh01*substrate_h%width of strip section 1 in mm
vp01=c/sqrt(eff01);%velocity of propagation inside substrate
lambda01=vp01/fo;%wavelenght inside substrate
l01=(lambda01/4)%length of quarter wave section accounting substrate

w04 =

1 of 2 12/4/2013 4:37 PM
test_calc_w file:///J:/UIC Grad/ECE 424 RF and Microwave Guided Propagation/Fin...

4.2898

l04 =

0.0201

w03 =

2.9887

l03 =

0.0204

w02 =

1.5965

l02 =

0.0209

w01 =

0.9873

l01 =

0.0213

Published with MATLAB® 7.11

2 of 2 12/4/2013 4:37 PM