29.

𝐴𝐵 8
Proy. 𝐴𝑁 = 5 (3; -1); donde → = (3; -1)
𝐴𝑁

→ = → (1; 1)
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐵

. . → → = (3; 1)
µ 𝐴𝑁

Formas Ecuaciones

Para →
𝐴𝐵

𝑋 =1+1
(1; 9) + t (1; 1) {
𝑌 =9+ 𝑡
Para →
𝐴𝐵

𝑋 = 6 ∶ 3𝑟
(6; 2) + r (3; -1) ) {
𝑌 =2−𝑟
 Encontramos un punto de intersección
𝑋
Y=x+8 Y=4-
3
X = +3
Y=5
 Para → (6; 2) + p(1; 3)
𝑁𝐶
Y = 3x – 16

Intersectamos una recta anterior

Y = 3x – 16 Y=x+8
2𝑥 = 24
𝑋 = 12 → (12; 20)
𝐴
𝑋 = 20
Luego los demás puntos se calculan la suma del
punto A más punto medio entre dos.
 30.

|→|= 6
𝑎

|→| = 6
𝑏

→ |→| = 3
𝑏 𝑏

→
𝑎

→ = |→| (cos 0; sin 0)

→ 𝑎 𝑎
10
Pero Comp. 𝑎 = →= 6 (1; 0)
𝑏 3 𝑎
→ (6; 0)
𝑎

𝑎.𝑏 10
= 3
|→| : √𝑏12 + 𝑏22
|→| 𝑏
𝑏

(6;0) . (𝑏1;𝑏2) 10 52
3
=
3
|→| : √(32 ) + 𝑏22
𝑏

25
6b1 + 0b2 = 10 9: + 𝑏22
9
5 56
B1 = 3 9
= 𝑏22

√14
𝑏2 = 2 3

31.

B C →
𝐴𝐶
P= |𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 →
|
𝐴𝐷
2
→
𝐴𝐶
Q= |𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 →
|
𝐴𝐵

4 D
A
a) → = |→ | (cos ; sin 0) b) → = |2| (cos 60°; sin 60°)
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵
1 √3
→ = 4 (1; 0) → =2( ; )
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵 2 2
→ = (4; 0) → = (1;√3)
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵

c) → = → + →
𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐷
→ = (5;√3)
𝐴𝐶

→ → (5; √3) (1; √3)

𝐴𝐶
P: |𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 →
| Proy →𝐴𝐶 = (1; √3)
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵
|→ |°
𝐴𝐵

→ (5; √3) (4; 0) → 8

* Proy →𝐴𝐶 = |(4;0)|°
x (4; 0) Proy →𝐴𝐶 = 4 (1; √3)
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵

→ 20 5 →
Proy →𝐴𝐶 = 16 (4; 0) = 4 (4; 0) Proy →𝐴𝐶 = |(2; 2√3)|
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐵

20
|( 4 ; 0) | √4 + 4(3)

→ 20 →
𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐶
|𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 →
|=|4|=5 |𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 →
|=4 p+q=9
𝐴𝐷 𝐴𝐷

32.

→ = (3; 1)
Y 𝑎
→ = (2; 3)
𝑏
→ = √10
|𝑎|

− |→| = √13
𝑏
3 1
→ →= ( ; )
µ 𝑎 √10 √10
−1 3
→→= ( 10 ; 10)
µ 𝑎 √ √

0 X

−1 3
→ = |→ | ( ; )
𝑟𝑝 𝑟𝑝 √10 √10 √130
−1 3 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 10 + 2
(−1; 3) = |→ | ( 10 ; 10)
𝑟𝑝 √ √
33.

→
𝑋

|→| = 5√2
𝑥
|→| = 1
𝑘

𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐶 + 𝐶𝐵
5√2 = 1 + 𝐶𝐵
𝐶𝐵 = 5√2 − 1

33.

Desarrollo

→ = |→| (cos 0; sin 0)

𝑥 𝑥
→= 5√2(cos 135; sin 135)
𝑥
−√2 √2
→= 5√2 ( 2
; 2)
𝑥
→ = (−5; 5)
𝑥
𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 |→| = 1
𝑘
 →
34. Si → = ( 4; −2; 1) →= (2; −1; 4) Hallar la componente de 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝑤𝑣
𝑎 𝑏

Donde → = (3 → − 2 →) →= 2 → +3 →
𝑣 𝑎 𝑏 𝑤 𝑎 𝑏

→= 3 (4; −2; 1) − 2(2; −1; 4) 𝑤 = 2(4; −2; 1) + 3(2; −1; 4)

𝑣
→= (12; −6; 3) − (4; −2; 8) 𝑤 = (8; −4; 2) + (6; −3; 12)
𝑣
→= (8; −4; −5) 𝑤 = (14; −7; 14)
𝑣

→ (8; −4; −5) (14; −7;14) 8 . 14+2 . 14−5 . 14 5√14 2

𝑣
Comp = |(14; −7; −14)|
= =
→ √441 √441
𝑤

→ 70 10
Comp→𝑣 = 21
= 3
𝑤

→ = (1; −3; 0)
𝑎
35. Se dan lo vectores: →= (1; −1, 2) Hallar proyección ortogonal de → en el plano b y c.
𝑏 𝑎
→= (0, 1; −2)
𝑐

Plano: → 𝑥 →= → indica dirección plano.

𝑏 𝑐 𝑛

→ = (1; −1; 2)
𝑏
→= (0; 1; −2)
𝐶

1 −1 2
| |
0 1 −2
→ (0: − 2 ; 1)
𝑁
→ (1; −3;0)(0; −2;1)
𝑎
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 → = 5
(0; −2; 1)
𝑁

→ 7
𝑎
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑦 → = 5
(0; −2; 1)
𝑁

36. Hallar coordenadas del vector → si es: → = (4; −2; −3) 𝑦 →= (1; −2; 3)
𝑥 𝑎 𝑏

→ = ( → + 2 → − 7 →) = 10 𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑜𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑:
𝑥 𝑖 𝑗 𝑘 →.→=0
𝑋 𝑎
(→) = (1; 2; −7) = 10 →. →=0
𝑥 𝑥 𝑏

* Desarrollamos: * Resolviendo la Matriz encontramos el vector

 (𝑥1 ; 𝑦2 ; 𝑧)(4; −2; −3) = 0 −13 −15 1
a) (−10; ; 2 ) = (−5; −13; −15)
4𝑥1 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 0 2 2

(𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧)(1; 2; −7) = 0

b)
𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 0
(𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧)(1; 2; −7) = 10
c)
𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 7𝑧 = 10
Sin tema de fracciones:
4𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 0
−𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 0
5𝑥 = 4𝑦 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑜
1 −2 3 0
|4 −2 −3| 0 |
1 2 −7 10

37.

→ − → = (4; −2, −3) ʌ → = (0; 1; 3) |→| = 26

𝑥 𝑎 𝑏 𝑥

∗ √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 26
9
(𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧) → = 0 (𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧) → = 0 ∗ √( 𝑧 2 ) + (9𝑧 2 ) + 𝑧 2 = 26
16
𝑎 𝑏
162𝑧 2
∗√ 16
= 26

4𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 0
4𝑥 = −3𝑧 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 0 ∗ 13𝑧 = 104
−3 𝑦 = −3𝑧 ∗𝑧 =8
𝑥= 4 𝑧

𝑥 = −6 𝑦 = −24

GRAFICA
38.

Sea → = (2; −1; 2) 𝑦 →= (3; 4; −1) Hallar → tal que:

𝑎 𝑐 𝑏

→𝑥 → = → →. →=1
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏

→ 2 −1 2
𝑎
→ |𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
|
𝑏

*→ 𝑥 → = →= (−𝑧; −2𝑦; 2𝑧 − 2𝑥; 2𝑦 + 𝑥) = (3; 4; −1)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

−𝑧 − 2𝑦 = 3 2𝑧 − 2𝑥 = 4
2𝑦 + 𝑥 = −1
𝑥 = −1 − 2𝑦 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −1 −2𝑧 + 2𝑥 = 4
𝑥−𝑧 =2 𝑧 = −3 − 2𝑦
2𝑥 + 2𝑧 − 𝑦 = 1
𝑥 = −1 − 2𝑦
** 2(−1 − 2𝑦) + 2(−3 − 2𝑦) − 𝑦 = 1
𝑥=1
−2 − 4𝑦 − 6 − 4𝑦 − 𝑦 = 1
−9𝑦 = 9 𝑧 = −3 − 2𝑦
𝑦 = −1 𝑧 = −1
→= (1; −1; −1)
𝑏

39.
√3 2𝜋
→𝑦 → |→| = 4
|→|= 2 𝑚 ( ∡ → ; →) = 3
Hallar: |(2 → + 3 →) 𝑥 (2 → − 5 →)|
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑎 𝑏

* Por Teoría
→ .→
𝑎 𝑏
cos 𝜃 =
|→|.|→|
𝑎 𝑏

−1 2(𝑎1 ; 𝑎2 )(𝑏1 ; 𝑏2 )
2
=
√3
−√3
4
= (𝑎1 ; 𝑎2 )(𝑏1 ; 𝑏2 )
3 √3
𝑎22 𝑏22 = 16
− 2
𝑎; 𝑏1 + 𝑎2 ; +𝑏 2
3
𝑎12 + 𝑎22 =
16
𝑏12 + 𝑏22 = 4
3
𝑎1 = √16 − 922

𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛:
|(2𝑎1 + 3𝑎1 ; 2𝑎2 + 3𝑏2 ) 𝑥 (2𝑎1 − 5𝑏1 ; 2𝑎2 − 5𝑏2 |
2𝑎1 + 3𝑏1 2𝑎2 + 3𝑎2
| |
2𝑎1 − 5𝑏1 2𝑎2 − 5𝑏2
4𝑎1 𝑎2 − 10𝑎1 𝑏2 + 6𝑏1 𝑎2 − 15𝑏1 𝑏2
4𝑎1 𝑎2 − 10𝑎2 𝑏1 + 6𝑏2 𝑎1 − 15𝑏1 𝑏2
−16𝑎1 𝑏2 − 16𝑏1 𝑎2
−√3
4
= 𝑎1 𝑏1 + 𝑎2 𝑏2

Hallando el modulo

16√𝑎12 + 𝑎22 𝑏12

3
16√(16 − 𝑏22 + 𝑎22 (4 − 𝑏22 )

3
16√16 𝑏22 − 𝑎22 𝑏22 + 4𝑎22 − 𝑎22 𝑏22
1
16 | | = 4
4

40

→ (1; −2; −3) → = (−2; 2; 5) ∶ 𝑠𝑖 𝜈 = |84| ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑣

𝑎 𝑏

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑:
𝑎) → . → 𝑏) → .→= 0 𝑐) √𝑣12 + 𝑣12 + 𝑣32 = 84
𝑎 𝑣 𝑣 𝑏

[𝑣1 − 𝑏2 − 3𝑣3 ] = 0 [−2𝑣1 + 2𝑣2 + 5𝑣3 ] = 0

𝑣1 = 𝑏2 + 3𝑣3 [−2[2𝑣2 + 3𝑣3 ] + 2𝑣2 + 5𝑣3 ] = 0
1
𝑣1 = 2 ( 𝑣3 ) + 3𝑣3 −4𝑣2 − 6𝑣3 + 2𝑣2 + 5𝑣3 = 0
2
−1
𝑣1 = 2𝑣3 𝑣2 = 𝑣
2 3
𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑛 "𝐶"
1
√4𝑣32 + 𝑣32 + 𝑣32 = 84
4
√(16 + 1 + 4)𝑣32
= 84
4
21𝑣3 = 168 𝑣1 = 16
𝑣3 = 8 𝑣2 = −4
→ (16; −4; 8)
𝑣
41.

→ (2; −3; 4) → (1; 1; −1) → (2; 3; −2)

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

𝑣 − (→ 𝑦 →) → . →= 12
𝑎 𝑏 𝑣 𝑐

Por propiedad:
(2; −3; 4)(𝑥; 𝑦; 𝑧) = 0 (1; 1; −1)(𝑥, 𝑦; 𝑧) = 0
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 0 𝑥+𝑦−𝑧 =0
2(𝑧 − 𝑥) − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 0 𝑥 =𝑧−𝑦
2𝑧 − 2𝑦 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 0 5
𝑥= 𝑦−𝑦
6𝑧 − 5𝑦 = 0 6
5 −1
𝑧 = 6𝑦 𝑥 = 𝑦
6

Por dato:
2𝑥 3𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 12
1 5
2 (− 𝑦) + 3𝑦 − 2 ( 𝑦) = 12
6 6