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(1861-1892)
José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso
Realonda was born on June 19, 1861, in
Calamba, Philippines. While living in
Europe, Rizal wrote about the
discrimination that accompanied Spain's
colonial rule of his country. In March
1887, his daring book, NOLI ME
TANGERE, a satirical novel exposing the
arrogance and despotism of the Spanish
clergy, was published in Berlin; in 1890 he
reprinted in Paris, Morga’s SUCCESSOS
DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS with his
annotations to prove that the Filipinos
had a civilization worthy to be proud of
even long before the Spaniards set foot
on Philippine soil; on September 18, 1891,
EL FILIBUSTERISMO, his second novel
and a sequel to the NOLI and more
revolutionary and tragic than the latter,
was printed in Ghent. Because of his
fearless exposures of the injustices
committed by the civil and clerical
ANDRES
BONIFACIO
(1863-1897)
He founded the
secret society,
Katipunan, on July
7, 1892, to fight
Spain. He was also
President of the
Tagalog Republic
from August 24,
1896 to May 10,
1897. Born in
Tondo, Manila, He
married Gregoria de
Jesus in 1892. He
EMILIO
AGUINALDO
(1899-1964)
He officially
proclaimed the
Philippine
Independence in
Malolos, Bulacan,
on January 23,
1899, with him as
the first President.
It was the first
Republic in Asia.
Born in Kawit,
Cavite, on March
22, 1869. Died at
the Veterans
Memorial Hospital,
APOLINARIO
MABINI
(1864-1903)
Sublime paralytic and
the brain of the
revolution. Born in
Talaga, Tanauan,
Batangas, on June
22, 1864. He joined La
Liga Filipina in 1892
and Aguinaldo's
revolutionary
government from
June 1898 to May
1899. He was
captured by the
American forces in
MARCELO H.
DEL PILAR
(1850- 1896)
Political analyst of
the Filipino colony in
Spain. Born in
Kupang, Bulacan,
Bulacan, on August
30, 1850. In 1882, he
founded the
nationalistic
newspaper, Diariong
Tagalog. In December
1889, he became the
editor of La
Solidaridad and
became the moving
JUAN
LUNA
(1857-1899)
A genius of the brush
and a patriot of the
highest order. Creator of
the world-famous
painting, SPOLARIUM,
which was awarded the
gold medal in the
Exposicion Nacional de
Bellas Artes in Madrid in
1884. It is also known as
the greatest painting of
all times. Born in Badoc,
Ilocos, Norte, on
October 23, 1857. He
was closely associated
with the Reform
Movement, together with
MELCHORA
AQUINO
(1812- 1919)
Better known as
Tandang Sora. Born
in Banlat, Kalookan
City, on January 6,
1812. She helped the
Katipuneros under
the leadership of
Andres Bonifacio by
providing them food,
shelter, and other
material goods. She
is recognized as the
Grand Woman of the
revolution and the
GABRIELA
SILANG
(1731 – 1763)
Filipino revolutionary
leader best known as
the first female leader
of a Filipino movement
for independence from
Spain. She took over
the reins of her
husband Diego Silang's
revolutionary
movement after his
assassination in 1763,
leading the Ilocano
rebel movement for
four months before she
LAPU-LAPU
(1521)
Known to be the first
Filipino hero who fought
and won against the
Spanish colonization yet
just like many other
Filipino heroes who
fought vigorously for our
freedom, he is given a
little regard. Most of us
only knew him as one of
the Datus of Mactan in
the Visayas who killed the
Portuguese explorer
Ferdinand Magellan
during the battle of
Mactan in April 27, 1521
wherein the heavily
armed Spaniards (with
lances, swords,
FATHER JOSE
BURGOS
(1837-1872)
One of the three Filipino
Martyr Priests collectively
called GOMBURZA, was born
in the town of Vigan, Ilocos
Sur on February 9, 1837. In
“To the Spanish People,” an
open letter of 1871, he
appealed for reform and a
greater measure of self-
determination for the Filipinos
and attacked the power and
privilege of the church. When
200 Filipino soldiers and
workers mutinied at Cavite, a
town across the bay from
Manila, the Spanish
authorities, as a retaliatory
measure, arrested Burgos,
although he was in no way
associated with the revolt. On
FATHER MARIANO
GOMEZ