CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Problem

In this digital era, technology is not a new thing especially in

education field. Technology based learning is growing rapidly. Many

teachers are already used technology as their tools to teach. One of

technology that used to help the teachers in teaching and learning activities

is mobile phone.

Miangah and Nezarat (2012) state that “Mobile Assisted Language

Learning (MALL) deals with the use of mobile technology in language

learning”. Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) is utilizing

technology as media to help in teaching language learning without having

students in the classroom. The students can use the technology to study

whenever and wherever. Therefore, MALL can be considered a good

solution to language learning without a barriers in terms of time and place.

Teachers can make use of social media in their mobile phone to

support teaching and learning activities. Social media is a form of

electronic communication such as websites to share information, ideas,

personal message, etc. Usually, social media that can help teacher in

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teaching and learning process such as Facebook. Because facebook

is the most popular social network site founded by Mark Zuckenberg in

2004. Facebook has been used by students from junior high school to

university. Facebook users are able to share with status updates, comment

on status, send messages even can create or join with group. Another

features that owned by facebook are tag friend, and share the post to other

users.

Teachers can use social media facebook as media in language

learning especially writing. Writing is one of the basic skills that should be

mastered in learning english. According to Yahwang (2010) state that

writing is considered as the most difficult language skill to be mastered by

the student. So, writing is not a simple skill and there are several reasons

make the students’ low ability in writing. It can caused by the students’

side and the teacher’s side. Students can’t write well because they do not

practice much. The teacher doesn’t provide the chance for the students to

practice writing.

The teacher sometimes doesn’t ask the students to do writing tasks,

because assigning in students’ writing task need much time. Other than

that, motivation problem can also be the reason may be because they lack

of confidence and think it is boring. The teacher needed to encourage the

students’ interest in writing. Therefore, the teacher should use different

strategies to encourage and motivate the students to do their best the

writing process.
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In english language learning, short functional text is one of

material to junior high school’s student. Short functional text is a text that

has social function to inform about something. There are 17 types of short

functional text that should be taught. One of them is announcement text.

Announcement text is a text that used to give information about event or

anything.

In social media facebook we must have an account to can explore

facebook site. If the teacher use facebook as media in writing

annoncement text, the students will feel that it’s their account. They can

write freely. Morever, facebook also has features like, comment, and tag

friends. The students will fell that if they write announcement text and

upload as status on facebook, then surely their friend will give like,

comment, even share the post to other user. So, the researcher’s thinks it is

can make the student more motivating and exploring their writing ability.

In accordance statement from Kabilan, Ahmed, and Abidin (2010) state

that “the use of facebook is deemed to have a positive impact on boosting

student’s motivation”

In this research, the researcher focuses on what contributions does

assist the students in writing announcement text through uploading status

on facebook and how are students’ responses in writing announcement

text through uploading status on facebook. There was previous study that

used same facebook, the research was conducted by Mariam Ghaleb

Ibrahim’s research in 2013 on her thesis entitled “The effect of using

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facebook on improving students’ writing school in English” this research

is quantitative research that find what is the effect of using facebook on

improving the students’ writing skills. The result indicates that there was a

great effect of using facebook on improving the students’ writing skill.

B. Limitation of the Problem and Formulation Research

Question

1. Limitation of the Problem

Based on the background of the problem above, what

contributions does assist the students in writing announcement text

through uploading status on facebook and how are students’

responses in writing announcement text through uploading status

on facebook.

2. Formulation Research Question

The research question is presented below:

1. What contributions does assist the students in writing

announcement text through uploading status on facebook?

2. How are students’ responses in writing announcement text

through uploading status on facebook?

C. Objective of the research

Based on the research question above the objective of the research is to

reveal:
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1. To find out what the contributions in writing announcement text

through uploading status on facebook.

2. To find out what the students’ responses in writing announcement

text through uploading status on facebook.

D. Advantages of the research

1. Advantages of Theoretical

The result of study is expected to add information and contribution

about teaching writing through upload status on facebook as media.

2. Advantages of Practical

1. The results of the research can help the teacher to convey the

material with different way.

2. Help the students to learn with interesting way.

3. Add the contribution about teaching media for another

researcher.

E. Definition of Term

1. Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) : “MALL is the use

of mobile technologies in language learning” (Hulme, 2013).

MALL is the tool of the education world that is utilized by teacher

to support the teaching learning.

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2. Facebook as media : “Facebook was founded to be the most

popular social media by the student” (Smith and Hoyer, 2010).

Facebook is a social media that appropriate to be created as media

in teaching.

3. Announcement Text : “Announcement is a written or spoken

statements in public or formal words containing information about

an event that has happened or id going to happen so publicly

people know what, when and where it is about” (Nurdiono, 2016).

Announcement text is a written text that used to give information

about event or something in public place.

 CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

A. WRITING

1. Definition of writing

Writing is important skill that must be taught. Writing is

considered as the most complicated language skill among others in

language skill. This is because writing is not just copying words and

sentences, but also with depeloping and pouring ideas in process of

writing. There are several stages in process of writing such as

prewriting, writing, and editing.

The students ussually use writing as a tool to record the teachers’

explanation, to make notes, to do an assignment, to suummarize the

materials, and to write their diary. Writing is also called a product.

According to Meyers (2005) state that writing is an action. So, writing

is an activity to make a product like the book, article, journal, thesis,

report, letter or others. The result of product can read by people.

Based on explanation above writing can be interpreted as an

activity of developing and pouring ideas, opinion or feelings in written

language to produce a product that useful for anyone

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2. Teaching writing

Teaching writing is a challange for teachers, because many things

to do to make students’writing skill as well. Many students said that

writing is so difficult, it can make them boring to learn writing. The

teacher needed to create an atmosphere of learning differently. So, the

students will interest to try learn writing.

Kusuma (2017) state that there are a way to teaching writing that

can help the students in considering of the steps in writing’s process

with using “plan and write”. Plan and write is one of strategy that can

implemented by students.

Plan means

1. P : Pay attention to the trompt

2. L : List the main ideas

3. A : Add supporting details

4. N : Number your ideas

Write means

1. W : Work from your plan to develop your thesis statement

2. R : Remember your goal

3. I : Include transititionn words

4. T : Try to use different kinds of sentences

5. E : Exciting
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Therefore, using “plan and work” strategy in learning writing can help

the student more understand and easier to remember what the process

in writing.

3. Announcement Text

Announcement text is one of kinds short functional text. This

material usually given for junior high school’s student. According to

Putri (2016) state “the definition of announcement relating to learning

english functional text is an official notification about something, so

publicly people know what, when, and where it is about”.

Announcement text is a text that used to give information about

something or event will be held in public place.

Related to announcement text. There are generic structure of

announcement text, as follow:

1. Tittle is the most important parts as it represents the overall

content of the announce.

2. Explanation is that contain further explainations of the

announcement like stating purpose, stating date/time, stating

place, and informing sender.

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B. MEDIA

1. Mobile Assisted Language learning (MALL)

Nowadays, Technology is one of media that can used to help

leaning and teaching activities. Everyone already using mobile phone

in everyday. The teachers can utilize a social media in their mobile

phone as a media to teach. This is called Mobile Assisted Language

Learning (MALL). In accordance with the statement Miangah and

Nezarat (2012) state that “Mobile Assisted Language Learning

(MALL) deals with the use of mobile technology in language

learning”.

Hashim, Yunus, Embi, and Ozir (2017) state that “Mobile

Technology could act as an efficient mediator for enhacing english

language learning; Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) is

proposed to support students’ learning need as well as achieving the

target needs of their english language courses”. So the use of Mobile

Assisted Language Learning (MALL) in teaching and learning

activities could be the good choice in digital era, because technology

based learning can more easier to help the teacher or the student to

teach and learn without a barriers in terms of time and place. Other

than that, we can also access wherever and whenever that we want to

learn.
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2. Facebook

Facebook is the most of popular social media that used or accessed

by millions human in everyday. Hamid, Ayub and Abiddin (2011)

state that “facebook has been used by student from junior high school

to university level”. So, with using social media facebook is very

suitable to serve as a media that make the material being more simple.

In accordance statement from Crawford (2011) state that “facebook

can be the media where the teacher and the student communicate

online”

Other than that, facebook also has many features that make the

student more interest to practice writing. The features of facebook are

like, comment, share, tag friend, status update, note and join the

group. So, facebook has huge potential as an educational tool due to

these features offered.

3. The benefit of facebook as media

There are some benefits when decide use facebook as a learning

tool, as follow:

a. Inviting atmosphere, Facebook is offers the students an

opportunity for active participation.

b. Students are comfortable with Facebook, Most students are

already users of Facebook, so implementing it into class

provides a comfortable way for students to participate in class.

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c. Informal, The informality inherent in Facebook's connections

lend to yet another reason students may be more willing to

participate in class activities here.

d. Promotes collaboration, Facebook's design promotes social

interchange between participants, thereby increasing

collaboration between students working on activities.

e. Students engaged outside of class, When students are accessing

the class content more often, that means they will be thinking

about and engaging in the lessons more frequently.

f. Ambient awareness, Facebook provides an excellent

opportunity for students and teachers to participate in ambient

awareness, a way of getting to know those you follow on social

networks in more meaningful ways.

g. Teach personal responsibility, The teachers can take this

opportunity to teach students how to responsibly use Facebook.

Source : www.onlinecollage.org

So, facebook has many benefits to used as learning tool. Because,

facebook change atmosphere in language that make the student comfort,

enjoy and fun to try write with using facebook.

 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METODOLOGY

A. Research Approach and Method

1. Research Approach

This research uses qualitative approach because this research is

focuses on a certain phenomenon in the school environment. In this

case the phenomenon is the activities of teaching and learning English,

especially teaching writing annoncement text with use social media

facebook as media in writing. This research give any treatment to the

student, and the researcher want to know what students’ contributions

and and students’ responses in writing announcement text with upload

status on facebook through observation and interview.

2. Research Method

This research uses descriptive qualitative method because the data

is obtained comes from observation and interview of the real situation.

Before this research obtain the data, the researcher give any treatment

to the object. After that, the researcher processes the data with

interpreted to find the result.

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B. Research Subject

The researcher take one class of 8th grade that contains 44 students

in junior high school.

C. Instrument and Data Collected Technique

1. Instrument

In qualitative research the researcher is the main instrument. In this

research the data is collected through observation, interview and

documentation data.

2. Data Collected Tecnique

1. Observation

Observation is the first step in doing research, observation is

aim to know in detail about the location and the environmental

conditions or the object to be researched.

2. Interview

Interviews as an assessment tool used to find out what the

contributions and the students’ responses in writing

announcement text through uploading status on facebook.

3. Documentation

Documentation is a technique collecting data through taking

notes and/or recording, taking pictures with the form such as of

documents, recordings, pictures. The researcher uses the

camera recorder and some note to conduct the documentation.

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D. Research Procedures

The activities of researcher in an effort to conduct the research and

the steps as follows:

1. Orientation Stage

Orientation stage is a step taken to get a complete and clear

picture of the problem that will be researched. The

activities that are carry out as follow:

a. Visiting the school with aim to identification

problem and then determine research focus.

b. Determining research method according to research

focus.

c. Arranging the background and literature review

related to each elements of research focus.

d. Arranging the research instrument.

2. Exploration Stage

After the orientation stage is finished, the next step is

exploration stage the steps as follow:

a. The researcher conducts the exploration to getting

any information and data collection of the research.

b. The researcher give treatment for student.

c. Conducting the interview with the students who are

the subject of the research in order to obtain the

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information, first what contributions does assist the

students in writing announcement text through

uploading status on facebook, and secondly how

are students’ responses in writing announcement

text through uploading status on facebook.

d. Documenting the class activities with taking

pictures and notes.

3. Member Check Stage

This stage is conduct to checking the truth of the

information from the interview’s result that has been

collected before. This stage is carry out during the process

of the research until it has finish.

E. Data Analysis Technique

After finishing the observation, interviews and documentation in

the forms of photos and notes, the data should be analyzed and in aim to

getting the truth information. According to Miles and Huberman (1994)

stated that: “analyzing the data consist of three current flows of activity:

data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing or verification.

1. Data Reduction

According to Miles and Huberman (1994) stated that : “ Data

reduction happen through editing, segmenting, and summarizing the

data” it refers to the process of reducing the data with selecting,

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summarizing, and highlighting in order to provide the overview

research result. The researcher select and simplifies the data that is

gotten from the observation and interview to make it more essential.

2. Data Display
Miles and Huberman (1994) defined that: “The most frequent form

display for qualitative data in the past has been extended text data is

presented in narrative”. In the observation the researcher get data

from interview and observation. These data will be presented in

narrative form.

3. Data Verification
Based on the procedure above, the steps in analyzing data in this

research are illustrated below, the first, researcher collect the data

through interview, observation, and documentation, then the

researcher select, transcribe, and focused on the data by referring to

the formulation of the research problems being investigate in the

research. In other words, the irrelevant data should be discarded

while the relevant data should be included. The second, the

researcher displayed those transcribed data in narrative form. In the

process of reducing and displayed the data, it should be based on the

formulation of the research problems. In addition, the literature

review is organized and used to analyze and interpret the obtained

data.
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Mariam Ghaleb Ibrahim (2013), The effect of using facebook on improving

students’ writing school in English, Research thesis.

Miangah and Nezarat (2012), Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL),

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Yahwang (2010), TEACHING : A Facebook For Lesson-Sharing. White

Plains, NY: Pearson

Hulme (2013) Mobile Assisted Language Learning. In: chapelle, Carol A. ed.
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Smith and Hoyer (2010) A protocol analysis of the planning processes of

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