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I. Introduction
In this lab, we used our knowledge to approach the focal length of converging
lenses. There were 2 parts in the lab. In the first part, we used No.4 lens to
determine its focal length.We found average fno.4 = (25.30 ± 0.20) cm. In the second
part, we used the focal length of No.4 lens found in part 1 to find the focal length of
II. Procedure
Part 1:
We set up the experiment according to the diagram depicted below. We first
let the left edge of table be 0cm position. We placed the object 20.0 cm behind the
left edge of the table, i.e.Op = 20.0 cm and fixed the object position for part 1 of the
lab. We placed the lens at 54.0 cm behind the left edge of the table and adjusted the
screen position along the line connecting the lens and the object until a clear image
formed. We then repeated the same procedure by varying the lens position until we
obtained 10 sets of data.
Part 2:
We still let the right edge of the table be 0cm position. We placed the object
20.0cm behind the left edge of the table,i.e.Op = 20.0 cm and lens #4 34 cm apart
from the object, i.e. L2p =
54.0 cm. We then shifted the screen along the line
connecting the object and lens #4 until a clear image was formed on it. Next, we
placed another lens, lens #2 15 cm left with respect to lens #4, i.e. L1p = 39.0 cm.
We adjusted the screen position again until a clear image was formed. We recorded
the position as Ip = 108.5 cm. We changed L1p =45.0cm and L2p = 70.0 cm and
obtained Ip = 108.5 cm.
1
III. Derivation
Part 1:
2
Part 2:
IV. Data
Part 1:
Op = 20.0 cm, position uncertainty = ±0.1cm
Lp (cm) Ip (cm) do (cm) di (cm) check m fno.4 (cm)
54.0 149.0 34.0 95.0 -2.790 25.04
60.0 127.2 40.0 67.2 -1.680 25.07
63.0 124.6 43.0 61.6 -1.430 25.32
70.0 120.6 50.0 50.6 -1.010 25.15
75.0 121.6 55.0 46.6 -0.850 25.23
80.0 124.0 60.0 44.0 -0.730 25.38
85.0 126.3 65.0 41.3 -0.640 25.25
90.0 130.5 70.0 40.5 -0.580 25.66
100.0 137.0 80.0 37.0 -0.460 25.30
average fno.4 25.30 ± 0.20
3
Part 2:
1st Measured Data for the Focal length of Lens No. 2
do1 (cm) di2 (cm) do2 (cm) di1 (cm) fno.2 (cm)
19.0 54.5 47.15 -32.15 46.45
V. Conclusion
In Part 1, according to the measured data, the focal length of Lens #4, <f#4>
= (25.30 ± 0.20) cm. In Part 2, the focal length of Lens #2 was calculated based on
the measured data and also the focal length of Lens No.2 from Part 1. The
calculated focal length of Lens No.2 was <f#2> = (48.96 ± 2.50) cm. The average
focal length of lens #4 calculated was very precise as %uncertainty = 0.20 / 25.30 *
100% = 0.79%. However, calculated focal length of lens #2 was not precise,
%uncertainty = 2.50 / 48.96 * 100% = 5.11%, because it was hard to adjust screen
position to obtain a well defined image when there were 2 lens and also it was
difficult to make sure the object, 2 lens and screen were placed along the same line.