JOB SHEET

Module : Building Management System

Job No : 1

Job Title : BMS Fundamentals.

Tools, Equipment & Materials

1 BAS workstation c/w software

2 DDC controllers
3 Mounting panel
4 Basic hand tools
5 Digital multi-meter

Instructions:

Wiring of the training boards;

You are required to connect the field wirings to the DDC controller. There are five version of
panel. The overall Termination Drawing of the DDC controller is shown in Annex A.
Firstly, wiring up the power supply cables with the below terminations.
Do not power up the system. Let the instructor check before powering up.
Please use the following color cables;
Power supply +24Vac = Brown
Power supply common = Green

VAV / Chlorine Dosing System

DDC Field
terminals terminals Type
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com
AHU System
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com

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 FCU/Carpark
DDC Field
terminals terminals Type
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com
Chiller
G 1 24Vac
G0 2 Com
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com
Fire
24Vac
Com
24Vac
Com

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Programming is done using the project designer. Run the program and select the correct
program. The program is stored under C:\EXO Projects\xxx

1. Identify which serial port is the USB to RS232 converter is connected from the
device manager found under Window control panel. Ensure that the project you
are working is set to that port number.

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 2. Attach to computer

Ensure the communication channels & routing have the same port number.

3. Download a program.
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4 Run the program by “Start EXO4”.

Controller Programming
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Object programming language is the standard way in design application programs in
BAS. Standard objects are available in the library. For those applications that are not
found in object, basic language is the common way of writing the object you like to
create.

Common method of linking the objects is using graphics, sometimes it is also called
graphical programming language.

I/O Objects I/O

SupplyTempSetpoint SupplyTempControl
OutDoorTemp Control SetP
Curve (°C) Control
(°C)
Valve
PID Out

SupplyTemp
In
(°C)
ReturnTemp
(°C)

ExpVessel

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Checking of Inputs & Outputs

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BMS Operation

Licensing

Article Name Price

EXOSCADA-B EXOscada Base Dongle
EXOscada Base license code
EXOSCADA-BSD EXOscada Base Soft Dongle EXOscada Base license code

EXOSCADA-500 EXOscada 500 I/O EXOscada 500 I/O license

code
EXOSCADA-ULU EXOscada Unlimited Users EXOscada Unlimited Users
license code
EXOSCADA-UL EXOscada Unlimited EXOscada Unlimited
license code for unlimited user
and I/O

EXOSCADA-OPC EXOscada OPC Connection EXOscada OPC Connection

license code
EXOHOTEL EXOscada interface hotel Lincense for Fidelio OPC
booking syst. Server
EXOSCADA-BC EXOscada BACnet OPC Server License for Kepware BACnet
OPC Server

Generally, the costs of a BMS software depends on the number of input and output. The
more I/Os, the more expensive is the system. The numbers of concurrent user also
affect the pricing.

The software can only be used if it is unlock by a software password or a hardware

dongle

You need to reduce the number of controllers in the next assignment.

Make a backup of the existing projects. Keep only the chiller
controller and the controller for your training board.

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EXO4 System Window

The EXO4 system window is opened when EXO4 Run is started. The system window
must be active or minimized when EXO4 is running.

Left frame The left frame shows the number of active and not acknowledged alarms of
class A and B. It also shows the logged on user and the time of the computer.

Latest alarms The frame with Latest alarms is a small alarm status report that shows
10 active alarms. The user has limited possibilities to select which alarms should be
shown with the Alarm
Filtration menu:
􀂉 Alarm points class A only or both class A and B.
􀂉 Alarm points with status alarmed or both statuses alarmed and returned.

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Window Elements

Variable values There are various types of window elements for displaying and, if
required, changing variable values in the controller. The most common types are:

􀂉 Numeric displays a numerical value with digits. The value may be displayed with a
title text.

􀂉 Text Change, Symbol Change and Color Change display various integer values
with different texts, symbols (pictures) and colors respectively.

􀂉 Bar Graph displays a numerical value illustrated in a horizontal or vertical bar graph.

􀂉 Check Box displays a logical value in a check box.

􀂉 Text displays a text variable in a text field, which may have an introductory title text. It
is used for, e.g. telephone numbers.

Commands There are also window elements that are used to perform commands, e.g.
opening another window or starting and stopping a machine. The following window
elements are used for commands:

 Button, i.e. a push button. A button can also be used for dynamic display.
 Click Area is an invisible element that can be added to e.g. a symbol or a text.
The mouse cursor will change its appearance when it is being passed over the
click area.
 PopUp Menu is, as the click area, an invisible element that can be added to a
symbol or a text. When clicking the popup menu, a menu of various commands is
displayed.

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Overview Windows
Overview window The most important functions of the overview window are to provide
a comprehensive picture of the plant.

Process Windows
Technical parts Many windows in a project display an outline of the technical parts of
the plant and its dynamic values.

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Reports
Window templates In the EXO4 library there are ready-made templates for windows
with reports and charts that can easily be added to the project.
Reports The following window templates for reports are available in the EXO4 library:
􀂉 Reports for alarm events and alarm status.
􀂉 Event reports for digital events.
􀂉 Historical charts.
􀂉 Real-time charts.
􀂉 User log report.

Access Levels in EXO4

EXO4 access The operator’s access level to use EXO4 determines which windows can
be displayed, which maneuvers can be performed, and how much information should be
displayed in a window.
Levels The levels in the level based access control system are:
􀂉 (None)
􀂉 Guest
􀂉 Operator
􀂉 Service
􀂉 Admin

Alarm Status and Alarm Events

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Alarm status Alarm status denotes the current status of the alarm. There are five
different statuses:
􀂉 Normal: The initial state of the alarm point, i.e. the alarm condition is false or the
logical variable has the value 0.
􀂉 Alarmed: The status of the alarm point when the alarm has been triggered, i.e. when
the alarm condition becomes true or when the logical variable has the value 1.
􀂉 Returned: A class A or B alarm that has returned (the alarm condition is false again),
but has not been acknowledged.
􀂉 Acknowledged: An alarm point that is still switched-on, but has been acknowledged.
􀂉 Blocked: A temporarily blocked alarm point. Switch-on and switch-off are not
registered.

Events Report
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Digital events The events report (EventsReport.Ewd) displays the history of events for
digital points in the system and looks just about the same as Alarm Events Report. The
information is retrieved from the database of the system.
The integrator The integrator can determine, among other things, which area and
signal types should be available to the operator for searching. In that case, this is done
in the reaction code that opens the window.
The operator The handling of the Events Report is described in EXO4 User Guide.

Historical charts In EXO4 there are window templates for displaying historical curves
that retrieve values from the database.
Real-time charts In EXO4 there are also window templates for real-time charts that
display polled signals.
Printing Besides being displayed on the monitor, all reports can be printed on a printer.

Time Channels

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Time control Time channels can be used for time control of switch-ons/offs of e.g.
pumps, fans and lighting.
Time channel A time channel consists of a number of switch-on/off times for the various
days of the week and holidays (calendar):
􀂉 A time channel is associated with a time schedule.
􀂉 The time schedule specifies the day plan that is valid for each day of the week and for
holidays.
􀂉 The day plans specifies the switch-on/off times.
􀂉 Calendar periods normally define holidays.

Maintenance
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Database maintenance Database maintenance includes the purging of old data,
backup and defragmentation. Database maintenance should be performed regularly.
Times By default, database maintenance is performed automatically at the following
times:
􀂉 Purging of old data is performed on Saturdays at 23:00 hours.
􀂉 An automatic defragmentation is performed on Sundays at 23:00 hours. A manual
defragmentation must be performed regularly.
􀂉 A backup is performed every night at 03:00 hours.

Alarm almost full If an SQL Server Express or MSDE database is being used, a
warning alarm is triggered when the size of the database reaches 77.5% of the
maximum size (65% for MSDE). In these cases, the database should be defragmented
manually.
Alarm full If an SQL Server Express or MSDE database is allowed to grow to 90% of
the maximum size, a more serious alarm is triggered and the database storage will
cease after approximately 5 minutes. However, data will be stored in temporary files that
automatically will be read back to the database when EXO4 is restarted after a manual
defragmentation.

Purging Old Data

Compilation Compilation of logged values and alarm events means that the data in the
database is recalculated to a lower resolution: minute values are recalculated to hour
values, and hour values to day values, etc. As the original values do not disappear
during the compilation, the size of the database will grow. This is why it is important to
purge the values in the database.
By default, this is performed once a week.
Purging The amount of time the values with different resolutions should be saved in the
database is configured in the tool EXO4 Action Categories per signal type.

Defragmentation
Regularly If a database is continuously written to, its size will increase indefinitely, even
if the amount of data is constant. To avoid this, the database must be defragmented
regularly.
Automatic By default, a limited defragmentation is performed once a week.
Manual A more extensive defragmentation should be performed at least twice a year.
This defragmentation is performed manually for SQL Server Express, MSDE and
automatically handled SQL Server databases

The procedure in the following way:

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􀂉 Close EXO4 Run by closing the system window.
􀂉 The defragmentation can be started in two different ways:
- Using the shortcut Defragment EXO4 Database on the desktop. This shortcut was
created by This Computer tool.
- Opening the tool EXO4 Databases and clicking on the button Defragment.
The defragmentation can take up to one hour depending on the size of the database
and its level of fragmentation. The time needed decreases by performing the
defragmentation often.
􀂉 Start EXO4 Run with the shortcut on the desktop.
The database should be defragmented at least twice a year to decrease the size of the
database.

Others

Backup your program & database files routinely. Anti-virus is routinely updated.

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Graphics Generation

Using the same programming tools, user can create their own graphics. The
configuration tool for EXO4 window as below;

You need to design on every page that the user wants to see.

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