Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources

Goodloe, Ruth. Interview by the author. Charlottesville, VA. December 11, 2017.
In the interview, Ruth Goodloe talked about her past and her experiences living in
Covesville Va. She has experienced many forms of racism due to her living in such a
rural part of the south.
Mcmahon, Brian. Telephone interview by the author. Richmond/Tunbridge Wells, Virginia/Usa
+ Tunbridge Wells/England. December 1, 2016.
In this interview Brian Mcmahon talked about his life experience. He discussed various
things including his time working for the british embassy in various countries, to his early
life and upbringing.
Monthly Review. “interview with Malcom X.” Monthly Review. Last modified February
9, 2005. Accessed February 15, 2018. https://monthlyreview.org/2005/02/01/interview-
with-malcolm-x/.
This article was a type of of an interview between Malcolm X and A.B Spellman. They
go in depth about racism and how he cant be racist just by looking after his own race. he
also talks about leaving the nation of Islam. He also talks about how races should be
separate
Tyler, Fannie. Interview by the author. Henrico, VA. December 9, 2017.
In this interview, Fannie Tyler informed about her past and what is what was like living
in both rural and urban centers during the 1940s, 50s, and even the 60s. She grew up in
Goochland, Virginia and later moved to Richmond. She took part in the Civil Rights
Movement, participating in various forms of protest such as marches. Her history as an
African American female growing up in the south provide insight as to how much
different live was back then as opposed to today’s society.
Zipperer, Jean. Interview by the author. Richmond, VA. December 8, 2017.
Jean Zipperer was interviewed on the role of government in her life as she grew up and
through to adulthood. she was born in Freeport west Virgina and eventually moved to
richmond. she lived through ww2, civil rights movement and the cold war and had many
interesting and coll stories about her involvement in them.

Secondary Sources

Constitution. Photograph. https://nccs.net/blogs/americas-founding-documents/united-states-

constitution.
This is a photo of the US Constitution. Responsible for being the supreme law of the
United States of America
Facebook. Richmond Coliseum Under Constrction. Photograph. Richmond, VA.
This is a picture of the Richmond Coliseum being constructed during the 1960s
History.com staff. “US Home front.” History.com. Last modified 2010. Accessed February 15,
2018.
 The article was about the home front in the united states, and it stated that there was a lot
of fear and hardship in the nation over being attacked after pearl harbor and that it was
hard for people during food drives and metal drives. it also outlined the role of the
american worker in making the important goods for the war.
Martin. Vintage Vienna. August 28, 2012. Photograph.
photo of Vintage Vienna in the 1970s
Pbs. “THE WAR: at home.” pbs.org. Last modified September 2007. Accessed January 11,
2018.
my second source was a collection of first person accounts that come from the pbs
archive that discribe what life was like at home during WW2. they come from many
walks of life and it was cool to see all of their perspectives in one lace discribing the
hardships of living in a nation that is at war on such a scale.
The Somerset House Conference, 19 August 1604. Photograph.
http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/14260.html.
This is a painting of the Somerset House conference which was a treaty of peace between
Spain and England
Stryuk, Ryan. “Blacks and whites see racism in the United States very, very differently.” cnn.
Last modified August 18, 2017. Accessed January 16, 2018.
http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/16/politics/blacks-white-racism-united-states-
polls/index.html.
This article talks about how black people and white people see race different from each
other. The article brings up statistical facts on who experiences racism more between
nonwhites and white. the stats that they use say that blacks face about 87% of racial
discrimination while only about 49% of whites do. The article also talks about the recent
controversy in Charlottesville which is near where my Grandma lived and where she now
resides
Taylor, Michael Eric. The African-American community of Richmond, Virginia. Richmond, VA:
University of Richmond, 1994. Accessed January 12, 2018.
http://scholarship.richmond.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2093&context=masters-
theses.
During the 1950s, African Americans in Richmond, Virginia were beginning to take
extreme action against segregation following the lead of Oliver W. Hill election into the
City Council in 1948. There were more blacks beginning to run for public office and they
had the support of the communities. With the formation of politically oriented groups to
aid in the voting strength along with various protests, the white leadership were
beginning to feel a little pressured by the minority. Major national events that occurred in
the 50s such as the Supreme Courts decision to outlaw segregation in schools or the
assault of Emmett Till and even Rosa Parks’ infamous bus boycott in 1955 all served as a
catalyst to the rise of African Americans taking control in Richmond Virginia
Virginia Historical Society. “Civil Rights Movement in Virginia.” Virginia Historical Society.
Last modified February 7, 2004. Accessed February 13, 2018.
https://www.virginiahistory.org/collections-and-resources/virginia-history-explorer/civil-
rights-movement-virginia/world-jim-crow.
On this database, there is information directly related to Virginia during all sorts of time
periods including the Civil Rights Movement. Specifically relevant to my part in the
research, I searched under the following sub-categories for information: The World of
Jim Crow, Turning Point: World War II, Voting Rights, Rising Black Consciousness,
Massive Resistance, Passive Resistance, and The Legacy of the Civil Rights Movement.
This collection of information was once part of an exhibit put on at the Virginia
Historical Society years back, but now is stored in their archive and a part of their
internet database.