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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII – Eastern Visayas
Schools Division of Calbayog City
CALBAYOG CITY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SCHOOL ID: 313801
P2 Bgy. Hamorawon, Calbayog City, Western Samar 6710 . Tel Nos. PLDT-(055) 209-1535
Email: calbayogcitynhs@yahoo.com, calbayogcitynhs@gmail.com

Chipeka
An Anti-Dandruff Cream

Bethuel Fresnido

Oliver Cabangangan

Mikka Mae Docong

Researchers

Mrs. Maria Luz Murillo

Project Adviser
 Table of Contents

Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………i

Introduction........................................................................................................................1

Research Questions..........................................................................................................3

Materials and Methods......................................................................................................4

Results and Discussion....................................................................................................6

Conclusion.......................................................................................................................11

Recommendations...........................................................................................................12

Acknowledgement...........................................................................................................13

References......................................................................................................................14

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 Abstract

Hair care products have been developing since their inventions started. But even if their

development is continuous, some hair care products may not always be as effective to everybody as

it is to everyone else, specifically when it comes to certain hair conditions that need treatment such

as dandruff. For most teens and adults, dandruff symptoms are easy to spot. It is most evident in

warm seasons (The Mayo Clinic, 2016). This only proves that people should never stop the search

for new more effective products. This has driven the researchers to conduct and study a solution to

the said problem. The researchers used chili pepper and calamansi extracts mixed with cooked corn

starch and fragrance. The researchers mixed together the extract of the chili pepper, the extract of

the calamansi, and the cooked cornstarch and the final product is a cream. The researchers tested

the product in terms of its scent, shelf-life and ability to remove dandruff flakes and itchiness. The

result was a product with the right viscosity and right amount of scent and has the ability to remove

dandruff flakes and itchiness. After finishing the tests, the researchers conclude that the cream

made from a precise mixture of cooked corn starch, chili pepper and calamansi extract and some

commercial fragrance, is an effective hair care product for eliminating dandruff. Future researchers

are recommended to improve the shelf-life.

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 Introduction

Hair products such as shampoo products are being used by a huge number of people right

now neglecting the fact that they contain some ingredients that are dangerous to the growth and

beauty of hair (Disadvantages of using a shampoo, 2014, April 28). One ingredient of a commonly

used shampoo is sodium laureth sulfate, or SLES. This compound can be irritating to the eyes and

skin, and may contain the carcinogen dioxane (This compound is irritating to the eyes and

respiratory tract). Sodium laureth sulfate is often used as a wetting agent and may cause extreme

scalp irritation and hair loss (Allergy Website, 2016). When SLES is present with nitrogen-based

ingredients, nitrates will form, creating possible carcinogens resulting in irritation, skin rash, scalp

scurf and other associated allergic reactions. This is an example on how chemicals affect our hair.

Chipeka is made up of ingredients that can be useful for improving the quality of hair,

especially in removing dandruff. The researchers used red chili pepper as a part of the ingredients

because of its active component that can eliminate a yeast-like fungus (Malassezia globose) that

causes dandruff. This component is capsaicin; it is also known to block message signals from the

brain therefore relieving pain and itchiness. The calamansi extract is also a natural ingredient for a

lustrous healthy hair. Calamansi is a rich source of vitamin C and citric acid which enables the

calamansi to fight hair problems such as dandruffs, oily scalps, and lice (Healthy Diet Base, 2015,

April 14). The researchers used corn starch as the main base for making the homemade cream.

Corn starch absorbs the excess oil and the hair becomes fresh (Jyotikapant, 2013). It is best not to

include too much chemicals in the cream in order to make it as natural as possible. Since nature

plays a vital role in healing almost all diseases. “Many chemicals are able to induce contact allergy,

a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction”, according to Kimber I and Dearman RJ in their “The

mechanisms and evaluation of chemically induced allergy” abstract publication.

In order to help people, using Chili Pepper (Capsaicum annum) and Calamansi (Fortunella

japonica) extracts mixed with cooked corn starch and desired fragrance (optional) ,it can produce a

product of an anti-dandruff cream. A possible outcome was found before inventing this due to the

knowledge of few elderly people in the Philippines of applying calamansi extracts in their hair before

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taking a bath to eliminate dandruff and itchiness. A possible outcome was also found before

inventing this due to the knowledge of few elderly people applying red chilli pepper leaves extract to

their scalp with the same purpose. Activities such as those, gives the researcher an idea to make an

anti – dandruff cream applicable to eliminate dandruff over time.

The study aims to create and produce an effective anti – dandruff cream from the fresh

extracts of calamansi fruits and chilli peppers. Furthermore, it is aimed to test the product’s

properties in terms of its effectiveness specifically to the number of dosage to completely eliminate

dandruff.

Chili Pepper (Capsaicum annum) and Calamansi (Fortunella japonica) plants are plants

commonly found in the Philippines and are widely distributed throughout the Philippines from Luzon

to Mindanao in forests, gardens, forest thickets, and savannah grasslands at low to medium

elevations; in Central Visayas, common in Bohol and Cebu. (Ramon Aboitiz Foundation Inc, 2011).

The researchers used materials that are commonly found in the community and the region for

making a home-made anti – dandruff cream and make it effective. Specifically, this study targets to

help people with dandruffs. This study is meant for solving problem related to dandruffs. This may

help present and future researchers that might discover other uses of the material used named, Chili

Pepper (Capsaicum annum) and Calamansi (Fortunella japonica).

The researcher focuses in the making of the anti – dandruff cream that utilize the materials

that are commonly found in the Philippines named, Chili Pepper (Capsaicum annum) and Calamansi

(Fortunella japonica).

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 Research Questions

This study was aimed to produce an anti-dandruff cream by using Calamansi and Chili

pepper as the main organic material.

Specifically it sought to answer the following questions;

1. What quantities of all the ingredients that can be effective in eliminating dandruff?

2. What are the characteristics of Chipeka in terms of:

2.1 itchiness removing characteristic;

2.2 flakes removing characteristic;

2.3 scent; and

2.4 shelf life?

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 Materials and Methods

A. Materials

To make the production of the product possible, the researchers used materials such as

stove or any other materials for cooking. Mortar and pestle were also needed in extracting the chilli

pepper components by pounding it to get its liquid extract. Strainer was used in separating the

seeds of the calamansi fruits from the extracts. The stainless steel pot is also needed for boiling the

corn starch mixed in water. A funnel is used in properly transferring the anti-dandruff cream to the

dispenser. A cream dispenser is needed in storing the anti-dandruff cream.

For specific amount of ingredients used, measuring materials such as measuring cups with

labels were used by the researchers to identify the specific volume of the liquids used. The

researchers used 2.5 ml of fresh calamansi extracts, 0.5 ml of fresh red chilli pepper extract mixed

with 2 ml of water, 100 ml. of water, 1 tablespoon of corn starch and 0.25 ml. of desired fragrance or

perfume.

B. Methods

In making the product, the researchers first collected the pieces of calamansi and chilli

peppers. The researchers then washed the two pieces of calamansi and ten pieces of small chili

peppers. The red chilli peppers were pounded using the mortar and pestle to get the 0.5-ml extract

of chilli pepper. Then mixed with 2 ml of water. The calamansi were then squizzed to get its extracts.

After that, the extracts were temporarily stored in a clean container. The researchers mixed the 1-

tablespoon corn starch with the water and let it boil up, and removed from heat. Then, the extracts

were mixed together with the cooked corn starch in a separate container. Finally, the researchers

put and mixed the desired commercial fragrance to the mixture. For this cream, we used fabric

conditioner fragrance.

In testing the product, the researchers conducted a 7-day observation of the effectiveness of the

product. The researchers tested with and without the product on one person to know if it is effective.

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 Cooking the Corn starch

Extraction of Calamansi and Chili

pepper

Packaging

Mixing of Ingredients

Figure 1. Process of Making Chipeka an Anti-Dandruff Cream

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 Results and Discussions

Based on the experiments the researchers conducted, they have arrived on the following

results:

Table 1. Setups to Determine the Quantities of all the Ingredients that can be Effective in

Eliminating Dandruff.

Setups Composition Remarks

 0.5 mL. chilli pepper

extract mixed with 2 mL
water (Ratio to overall The result has a moderate
Setup 1 volume of mixture = viscosity. It can be considered
2.5:121.79) a cream. But the outcome has
 2.5 mL. calamansi an acrid scent.
extract. (Ratio to overall
volume of mixture = 2.5
:121.79)
 Cooked corn starch
(using 1 tbsp. of corn
starch and 100 mL.
water) (Ratio to overall
volume of mixture =
114.79 :121.79)
 2 mL. fragrance
(Ratio to overall volume
of mixture = 2:121.79)
 0.5 mL. chilli pepper
extract (mixed with 2
mL water) (Ratio to The result has a moderate
Setup 2 overall volume of viscosity. It can be considered
mixture = 2.5:121.79) a cream. The outcome has a
 2.5 mL. calamansi moderate scent.
extract. (Ratio to overall
volume of mixture = 2.5
:121.79)
 Cooked corn starch
(using 1 tbsp. of corn
starch and 100 mL.
water) (Ratio to overall
volume of mixture =
114.79 :121.79)
 1 mL. fragrance
(Ratio to overall volume of
mixture = 1:121.79)

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 Based on the results gathered by the two different set ups, the researchers found out the

right mixture of the ingredients for Chipeka. The first set up almost has the exact required

composition for the final product, but the amount of fragrance is too much for the overall volume of

the mixture. The researchers conducted the second set up and decreased the amount of fragrance

by a half. The result has a moderate viscosity. It can be considered a cream. The outcome has a

moderate scent.

Table 2. 1 Characteristic of Chipeka in Terms of Removing Itchiness

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

With the The There There was There There was There was There was

use of itchiness was no still no was still still no still no still no

Chipeka was itchiness itchiness no itchiness itchiness itchiness

instantly anymore. observed. itchiness observed. observed. observed.

removed. observed.

Without There was There There was There There was There was There was

the use itchiness in was itchiness in was itchiness in itchiness in itchiness in

of the scalp. itchiness the scalp. itchiness the scalp. the scalp. the scalp.

Chipeka in the in the

scalp. scalp.

The researchers tested Chipeka on a person with dandruff to determine its effectiveness in

removing itchiness caused by dandruff. The patient used Chipeka as a substitute for shampoo 7

days of bathing. In the first day of using Chipeka, the itchiness was instantly removed and it can be

observed that the itchiness has not returned until the 6th day from the day the patient first used

Chipeka. Compared to a normal week without the use of Chipeka, itchiness was observed

throughout the week.

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 Table 2.2. Characteristic of Chipeka in terms of removing dandruff

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

.With the The amount The amount There was There was There was There was There

use of of dandruff of dandruff no dandruff still no still no still no was still

Chipeka flakes was flakes flakes dandruff dandruff dandruff no

minimized. dramatically anymore. flakes flakes flakes dandruff

decreased. observed. observed. observed. flakes

observed.

Without the There was a There was a There was a There was a There was a There was a There

use of significant significant significant significant significant significant was a

Chipeka number of number of number of number of number of number of significant

dandruff dandruff dandruff dandruff dandruff dandruff number of

flakes flakes flakes flakes flakes flakes dandruff

observed. observed. observed. observed. observed. observed. flakes

observed.

The researchers again tested Chipeka on a person with dandruff but the setup was to

determine its effectiveness in terms of removing dandruff flakes. The patient used Chipeka as a

substitute for shampoo for 7 days of bathing. After using Chipeka in Day 1, it was observed that the

dandruff flakes were not eliminated, rather, its amount was minimized. In the second day of using

Chipeka, the amount of dandruff flakes decreased greatly but there were still dandruff flakes

observed. In the 3rd day of observation, the dandruff flakes were completely eliminated. The

disappearance of dandruff flakes continued thought the week. Compared to a normal week without

the use of Chipeka, dandruff flakes were observed throughout the week.

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 Table 2.3 Characteristic of Chipeka in terms of Scent

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

Chipeka Chipeka’s Chipeka’s Chipeka’s Chipeka’s Chipeka’s Chipeka’s

has an scent was scent was scent was scent was scent was scent was

excellent excellent. excellent. excellent. excellent. excellent. very

scent for satisfactory

an anti- for a hair

dandruff care

cream. product.

The researchers observed the scent of Chipeka for 7 days. It has been observed that

Chipeka’s scent has not changed a bit even for up to a week. This only implies that Chipeka was an

effective cream in terms of scent. If used in hair as an anti-dandruff cream, its scent will last for a

long time.

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 Table 2.4. Characteristic of Chipeka in Terms of Shelf Life

Day 1: Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

Production

Day

Chipeka Chipeka Chipeka Chipeka Chipeka Chipeka Chipeka

was in was still was still was still was still was still started to

excellent usable. No usable. No usable. No usable. No usable. No water and it

condition physical physical physical physical physical can be

and is changes changes changes changes changes easily

usable. have been have been have been have been have been concluded

observed. observed. observed. observed. observed. that it’s not

usable

anymore.

The researchers observed the shelf life of Chipeka starting from the day it was produced. It

has been observed that Chipeka was in good condition and was usable for 5 more days from its

production day, but was not usable anymore in the 7th day.

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 Conclusions

Results proved that Chipeka is an effective cream for removing dandruff. Based on the entire

test conducted, the researchers have finally arrived at the following conclusions:

By using the exact quantity of ingredients: 0.5 mL. chilli pepper extract mixed with 2 mL

water,2.5 mL. calamansi extract, cooked corn starch (using 1 tbsp. of corn starch and 100 mL.

water, and 1 mL.of commercial fragrance, an anti-dandruff cream with the right viscosity and

moderated scent will be obtained.

In terms of itchiness removing characteristic, Chipeka eliminated itchiness caused by

dandruff immediately after the person’s first use, and the effect will last as long as the patient uses it.

In terms of flake- removing characteristic, Chipeka is effective in removing dandruff flakes when

used for 2 consecutive days and the effect will last as long as the patient uses it. Chipeka’s scent

was consistent even after a week, but its shelf-life is limited for up to 7 days only.

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 Recommendation

Based on the results, the researchers found a need to improve the shelf-life of Chipeka. The

Chipeka’s characteristic in terms of scent, future researches may uses better methodology to

improve its shelf-life.

Future researchers may also improve the ingredients used in order to improve the

effectiveness of Chipeka. Future researchers could research about other plants that can help

eliminate dandruff that could also be added to Chipeka’s ingredients in order to improve its quality.

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 Acknowledgment

The Making of this project has been a painstaking job and would not be possible without the

help of others. The researchers wish to express their wholehearted gratitude and profound

appreciation to the following persons who helped made this project possible.

Our ever dynamic School Principal Dr. Calick D. Arrieta, for being considerate to us and giving

us a safe facility to work in.

Mrs. Maria Luz C. Murillo, the researchers’ project adviser, for her encouragement and

professional advice that truly has inspired the researchers in the making of this project.

Researchers’ parents, for their love, patience and understanding that generated in the

researchers’ determination, courage, and inspiration to finish this work;

The panel of judges, for their professional pieces of advice and their corrections that truly

helped the researchers. This includes the following persons namely, Mr. Robert Anthony Ygubay,

Mr. Joy Saldaña, Mr. Mark Bagares, Mrs. Elizabeth Lumod.

Mr. Carlo Doinog, for helping the researchers correct and edit their research papers.

Jason Fresnido, for helping the researchers by giving pieces of advice and support.

Mejie Constantino, for guiding the researchers in making their Results and Discussion.

Above all, to GOD ALMIGHTY, who makes all things possible.

-The Researchers

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 REFFERENCES

Disadvantages of using a shampoo (2014, April 28).Retrieved from http://allabouthair.in/root-

totip/disadvantages-of-using-a-shampoo/

Find Home Remedy (2016) 12 Natural Cure for Scalp Psoriasis (Naturally). Retrieved from

http://www.findhomeremedy.com/natural-cure-for-scalp-psoriasis/

Healthy Diet Base (2015, April 14). Health Benefits and Practical Uses of Calamansi Juice.

Retrieved from http://www.healthydietbase.com/health-benefits-and-practical-uses-of-

calamansi-juice/

Ointments (Retrieved 2016). Ointments. Characteristic and classification. Retrieved from

http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/pharma_3/lectures_stud/Industrial%20drugs

%20technology/4-course/English/Ointments.html

Palmira, S. (201 6, August 8). Lemon Juice - The Natural Genie for Perfectly Healthy Hair. Retrieved

from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/lemon-juice-in-hair.html

Park, A. (1992, December 1). The mechanisms and evaluation of chemically induced allergy.

Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1471238

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