`

ESSENC
CE - Interna
ational Jourrnal for Envvironmentaal Rehabilitaation and Conservation
n
Volume V: No. 2 2014 [1
121 – 125] [ISS
SN 0975 - 62722]
[ww
ww.essence-jouurnal.com]

Proceedings of
o National Coonference
“Environmental Conserrvation and Cllean India Proogramme” Deccember 2014, India
I

Industrial pollution
n: geographiical analysiss – Saharan
npur city

Jyoti Sin
ngh and Ash
hu Singh

Received: October 04, 2014 ⏐ Acceepted: Decem

mber 09, 20144 ⏐ Online: December
D 31, 2014

"It isn''t pollution n that's harming the t Study Area

environmment. It's thee impurities in our air and
a Folllowing workk is based on Saharannpur city
water thaat are doing it."
i – Dan Ouayle lyinng in the heaart of lthe disstrict locatedd on 29°
Industriees are the major
m sourcee of pollutioon. 58' north latitudde and 77.55° east longgitude at
Besides desired
d prodduction, theree are numeroous meaan sea level 283 meter. The T city expperiences
undesiredd outputs from the factories like heallthy climatee and all facilities
f whhich are
industrial wastes, poolluted wateer, toxic gasses, esseential for thee boom of inndustrial cenntre. It is
chemicalls precipitattes, aerosolls, ashes and a one of the impoortant towns of western U.P. U and
smokes etc.
e which po ollute air, waater, land, sooils has earned natioon wids as wellw as Interrnational
etc. and thus degraade the envvironment. The T repuutation for itt's industriess like wood carving,
industrial developmeent, directedd to accelerrate I.T.C., Star Papper Mills ettc. Due to thhe rapid
the pace of economiic growth, though
t may be induustrial growwth, growth of o populatioon along
economiccally signifiicant but thhe after effeects withh growth off pollution makesm necessary to
are certaainly undesirrable. The adverse
a effeects studdy the relatiionship betw ween industrries and
of indusstrialization may changge the overrall envvironment.
characterr of naturaal system and a the chain Ind
dustrial pollu
ution
effects soome times become
b suiciidal for humman Thee city being an administrrative and inndustrial
society. Majority of the impacts of centtre is able too attract mannufacturing activities
a
industrialization are related to pollution and a on a large scalee. As such is i not free from
f the
environmmental degrad dation. mennace caused as a conseqquence of inndustrial
emiissions. Thee state polluution controol board
(SPCB) is monitoring esttablishmentss in the
For corresspondence: cityy of I.T.C. annd Star Paper Mills. Att present
S.V. Jain College,
C Saharranpur, India cityy Saharanpurr has 1505 inndustrial units out of
whiich 1320 unnits are of smalls scale and
a 185

121
 Singh and Singhh /Vol. V [2] 2014 /121 – 1255 

units aree of large scale.

s Somee of the maajor maximuum air polllution. Thee Govt.
industries establishedd in Saharannpur are befo
fore labour colony
c locateed adjacent to sugar
independdence like Star Paper Mill,
M I.T.C. and a & textile mill is higghly effectedd by the
Wood Carving industry. In Sahharanpur fouund air polluution released by this mill.
industries develop in
n an unplannned manner and
a Air Polllution due to I.T.C.:-- In the
are founnd all overr the city. Resulting in process of cigarette making som me of the
followingg pollutions:: very harrmful gases are released in the
a) Land polluttion: It is caused
L c by the
t atmosphhere like SOO2, NOx & CO C 2 also
soolid waste given
g out by the industriies. includinng the dust of the tobacco.
t
T waste thrrown by thee wood carviing
The Howeveer to prevennt these gaases and
inndustries beccomes a breeeding place for suspendded particulaar in the atm
mosphere
m
mosquitoes & flies. The solid wastee & chimneyys are instaalled which release
liiquid waste thrown by chemical and a these gases in higher laayer of
foood industrries in agrricultural laand atmosphhere.
caauses the losss of fertilityy of that landd. Air Pollution due to Paper Mill: M The
Inndustrial waastes includee huge amouunt main efffect of the aiir pollution by
b paper
of abandoneed items which creeate mill is in
i the form of 'Burada'.. It is in
seeveral envirronmental problems.
p F
For the powwder form and a passes out o in a
exxample, hu uge quantitiies of bagaase large amount, directly
d innto the
prroduced in sugar millls which are atmosphhere whichh causes diseases
heaped in thee vicinity of sugar
s mills. related with
w lungs prroblem.
b) Air pollution
A n: The sugar mill, chemiical
faactories, I.T
T.C. & Papeer Mill creaates
Source H2S CH H3SH (CH3)2S Particulars Type off control
D
Digester beloow 0.1 – 07 0.00 – 5.3 0.9 – 3.8 Negligible Untreated
Smelt tankk - - - 17 Unconntrolled
Lime kiln 1 N
Neg. Neg. .7 Scruubber
Recovery Scrubbber &
3.6 3 3 50
Furnace Preciipator
M
Multiple effeect
1.2 0
0.04 N.A. Neg. Untreated
evaporation n
Black liqour
Evaporatorrs 0-00.5 0.0003-0.03 Neg. Neg.
oxiddation
Black liquor
O
Oxidation tow
wer N.A
A. N
N.A. 0.1 Neg.
oxiddation
Total 6.4 8.34 6.9 75.7
T
Table: Gaseous Effluents from
m Pulp & Paperr Industry
(Pounds per ton of pulpp)

122 
 Singh and Singhh /Vol. V [2] 2014 /121 – 1255 

SO2 causes diseases related to eyyes, mill, whhich is untreeated is drainned into
thhroat and lunngs when itss concentratiion the Paoddhoi and Dhhamola river. Now it
crrosses the peermissible limit of 10 PP
PM is no moore a river buut rather a drrain.
inn the air forr 8 hours off exposure. No
N Water Pollution
P duue to Sugar mill: In
caauses resp piratory prroblem, guum sugar prroduction thee basic wasttages are
innflamation, internal bleeeding, oxyggen sheera, hugadi, filteer soil, ashees given
deficiency, pn neumonia annd lung canccer. away from
fr the booiler. Even though
Sudden leak kages of harmful and a some off these wastages are reeused in
poisonous gaases from chemicals
c a
and differentt plants. The
T main cause
c of
gas plants pollute the air a to such an pollutionn is the waste
w waterr which
exxtent that hundreds of o people die comes from
f these plants
p untreatted. The
w
within no tim
me. followinng table show ws the mainn amount
c) Water polluttion: The inndustrial liquuid
W of polluttion:
w
waste from paper mill,
m chemiical
faactory, sugaar mill, I.T
T.C. & texttile

S. No. Paraameter Values dards Prescrribed

Stand
byy U.P.P.C.B B.
1. PH
H 7.5 5.5 – 9.0
2. Tem
mperature 0°°C - 40°C
3. Colour N specific
Not -
4. Tottal Suspendeed solids 80.0 100
5. Tottal solids 390.0 2100
6. Bio
ological oxyggen 28.0 30
7. Demand (at 27° C-3 days) - -
8. Chemical oxyggen demand 150.0 -

Totaal pollution = 965.5 mg/11 – 2279 mgg/1

Averrage = 2.36 mg/1
m
Notee: All values are in mg/1 – expect PH H or stackedd otherwise.
This table show ws that there is high ratee of solid waaste in wateer which cauuse the
pollu
ution.

Various typees of chemical substancces

V water is the major cause
c for thee several
caause irreparaable damagee to both plaants dangeroous diseasess such as cholera,
annd animals including
i maan. Pollutedd T.B., Jauundice etc.

123 
 Singh and Singhh /Vol. V [2] 2014 /121 – 1255 

d) Noise pollution: Thhe machinnes,

N Noise pollution on o human include
vehicles and d generatorss create hiigh speech interferencee, annoyance, sleep
soound pollutioon. This is very
v high in the
t interfereence and reelated afterr effects
inndustrial arrea, whichh affects the t and prooblems. An intensive study s to
w
workers mosst. During thhe peak houurs measuree the Noisee Induced Hearing
thhe sound polllution is meeasured so hiigh Loss (NIHL)
( am
mong the factory
innside the facctory. As thhe result maany workerss in the textile,
t autoomobile,
w
workers are suffering from hard of fertilizerr and chemiical industriees in the
hearing and th hey speak veery loud. city revveals the faact that onee out of
Besides mo
B ost of industries
i in every foour factory workers
w suffe
fers from
Saharanpur are a noise polluting.
p T
The incurablle NIHL andd 10% of thee people
w
wood carvingg units & teextile mill (on
( sufferedd from NIH HL due too traffic
laarge scale) creates a lot of
o noise and all noise.
arre almost located
l in the
t residenttial
arreas.
Level of Noise
N in Dayy & Night Industrrial Area
Delhi Road Dehraduun Road
Day time noisse by WHO (db)
D 7
75 7
75
D time noise level in Saharanpurr
Day 76.8 79.40
(ddb)
N
Night time no
oise by WHO O (db) 665 665
N
Night time no
oise level inn Saharanpurr 577.45 60.30
(ddb)
Table: Ambient
A Noise level in Saharranpur city

Remediees: basis off existing info

formation.
1. C
Controlled and judiciious use of 5. To makke efforts too search altternative
chhemical feertilizers annd pesticiddes, less harrmful produucts such asa solar
innsecticides and
a herbicidees. poweredd etc.
2. Proper dispossal of industtrial and urbban 6. To imprrove the exiisting devicees of air
w
wastes. pollutionn control annd to make efforts
e to
3. U
Use of industtrial effluentts for irrigatiion invent new
n effective devices too control
puurposes after proper treaatment. air polluution.
4. T
To conduct extensive survey and a 7. solid waste
w dumpped on rooadsides
reegular monittoring of thee existing levvel should be
b put into use for geenerating
of air pollutiion and to predict on the t power or
o upliftmentt of plots.

124 
 Singh and Singhh /Vol. V [2] 2014 /121 – 1255 

8. C
Control of water polluution requiires 10. Intensityy of noise m
may be reduuced by
seeveral remeedial measuures involviing several devices e.g.e enclossure of
thhe interest of
o individuaals, communnity machineery with sound abbsorbing
governments at national a
and materialls.
innternational levels.
9. T
The industriaal units mustt be obligedd to
trreat indusstial effluuents befo
fore
discharging thhem into waater bodies.

125