AP HuGs Ch6 p.

1
AP Human Geography Name:_________________________
Chapter 6: Religion

Key Issue #1: Where are the world’s religions distributed?

1. How are religion and language similar?
RELIGION LANGUAGE
Different?

Introducing Religions
2. What are some problems with
getting accurate statistics on
various religions?

3. Describe the following religious groups:

4 largest religions Folk religions Other religions Unaffiliated

4. Atheism:

5. Agnosticism:

6. Describe: Universalizing Religions v. Ethnic Religions

Global Distribution of Religions

7. Where is Christianity most widely practiced? Where is Islam?

8. Why should Figure 6-5 be viewed cautiously? Can you think of any specific examples?

9. What four regions have diverse religious adherents? What are the religions in these regions?
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 AP HuGs Ch6 p.2
** What are similarities between the distribution of language & religions? **

Distribution of Christians
10. Congregation:

11. Denomination:

12. Branch:

13. What are the 3 branches of Christianity?

14. According to Table 6-1: what are the 2 most common religions in the U.S.? Why do you think
these are the 2 most common?

15. How is Christianity divided physically in Europe? Give 2 specific geographic examples.

16. Describe the distribution of Christianity in N. America and Latin America? Why do you think this
distribution exists?

17. Describe Figures 6-7 & 6-8 (give 3 specifics per figure):

 Why do you think certain clusters exist where they do?

Distribution of Muslims & Buddhists

18. Which regions are predominantly Islamic? Predominantly Buddhist?

19. What 4 countries have more than 40% of the world’s Muslims?
 
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20. What are the 2 branches of Islam? What do their names mean?

 Where are these branches more dominant? Be specific!!

 AP HuGs Ch6 p.3

SHIITES SUNNIS
21. Compare & contrast Shiites & Sunnis

22. In Europe, how many Muslims are

there in recent years?
23. Why does France have the largest
Muslim population?

24. Describe the background percentages of Muslims in America.

25. Buddhism basics:

 Ranking =  Main branches, % of followers, & main
 Clustered in… clusters =
 Founder =
 What makes Buddhism a unique universalizing religion?

Distribution of Ethnic Religions

26. How are ethnic religions different from universalizing religions?

27. What ethnic religion has the most adherents? Where are they clustered?

28. 80% of Hindus follow which god? What is the second most popular? Describe these gods.

29. Why is it difficult to classify religion in Eastern Asia?

30. Explain Confucianism:

31. Explain Taoism:

32. Where do most people who follow primal-indigenous religion reside? And what are 2 examples?

33. Animism:

34. Describe the changes in religion in Africa (use human geo terminology):
 AP HuGs Ch6 p.4
Distribution of Other Religions
35. Look at figure 6-16, where are different religions with 1 million adherents clustered?

36. Explain where Sikhism is clustered & 3 major aspects of this religion:

37. Explain where Juche is clustered & its founding:

38. Where do most Spiritists reside? What is their central belief?

39. Where are the 2 clusters of people following Judaism?

40. Why is Judaism more important for Western civilization than its number of adherents may
represent?

41. Monotheism:

42. Polytheism:

43. Describe the founding of Baha’i and its history:

44. Where and who founded Tenrikyo? What is her role?

45. Where is Jainism clustered? What has impacted its popularity?

46. What is a central focus of the Jainism religion?

47. How is Shinto strongly rooted in the cultural history of Japan?

48. How did colonial history impact the Cao Dai religion in Vietnam?

49. Where was Zoroastrianism founded? By whom?

50. Where did Zoroastrianism originate from? Why did it decline? Where is it predominantly found in
present day?
 AP HuGs Ch6 p.5
Key Issue #2: Why do religions have distinctive distributions?
Origin of Christianity and Islam in Southwest Asia
1. Fill in the following chart:
Founded on the teachings of… He was raised…

He was famous for… 4 Gospels:

Jesus was betrayed by … After the Last Supper…

On the 3rd day Jesus… Resurrection provides people with…

2. Describe Roman Catholics beliefs:

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3. Where did Orthodoxy originate?
4. Who was involved in the split off of Orthodoxy? What are the 2 important dates?

5. When and where did Protestantism originate?

6. Describe the five pillars of faith of Islam.

 
 


7. How are Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all related in origin? What separates Islam?

8. What language is the Quran written in?

9. Describe three components of Muhammad’s story:
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10. What is the disagreement surrounding Muhammad’s successor?

Origin of Buddhism & Hinduism in South Asia

11. Identify the founder of Buddhism.
12. Describe his founding story.

13. Summarize the 4 Noble Truths:

 AP HuGs Ch6 p.6

14. Compare & contrast the three branches of Buddhism:

15. When & where did the word “Hinduism” originate?

16. When did the Aryans invade South Asia? What did the bring with them?

17. What are some rituals of Hinduism throughout history?

** Explain similarities and differences among Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, & Hinduism. **

Historical Diffusion of Religions

18. Describe the diffusion patterns of Figure 6-24.

19. How did Christianity diffuse through relocation?

20. Missionaries:

21. What is expansion diffusion? How are hierarchical diffusion & contagious diffusion similar? Different?

22. Describe how dominance of Christianity spread through the Roman Empire.
Hierarchical Diffusion Contagious Diffusion

23. Where did Muhammad’s successors spread Islam to? How?

24. Who was most responsible for the spreading of Buddhism? How?
 AP HuGs Ch6 p.7
25. How were missionaries involved in the spreading of Buddhism?

26. Explain how Buddhism spread throughout China and into Korea and Japan.

Recent Migration of Christians

27. Describe three patterns of Christian migration.
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28. Why do Canada and the U.S. have Protestant majorities? Where are there Roman Catholic majorities &
why?

29. Identify (list) 3 specific migration patterns that impacted religious distribution of Christians.
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30. Looking at Figure 6-31, complete a 4-level analysis:
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Migration of Muslims & Jews

31. Where in the world attracts the largest number of Muslim migrants?
32. What 3 European nations attract the largest number of Muslim migrants?

33. What 4 countries have the largest Muslim populations?

34. Complete 4-level analysis of Figure 6-33:

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35. Describe migration of Jews to Israel.

36. Ghettos:

37. Describe the Holocaust’s impact on Judaism.

38. Compare & contrast the pie charts in Figure 6-36 (at least 3 comparisons):
 AP HuGs Ch6 p.8
Key Issue #3: Why do religions organize space in distinctive patterns?
Origin of Christianity and Islam in Southwest Asia
1. Which religions have structures that are designed for places of gathering and worship?

2. Historically, where were churches located in relation to a town? Why?

3. What are 2 examples of how church architectural styles differ based on the cultural values of the
denomination?


4. How did the environment influence the church structures? (Be specific).

5. List 4 aspects of mosques:

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6. What is the name of a Sikh place or worship? What are they modeled after? How are they identified?

7. What is the synagogue used for in Jewish communities?

8. When did they take on more communal importance?

9. Where was the first place of worship built in the Bahá’í religion?

10. How are all Bahá’í Houses of Worship built?

** What do all these houses of worship have in common? What makes them different? **

11. Which religions have structures that are designed for individual meditation?

12. What is the purpose of a Buddhist pagoda? How are they typically designed?

13. How do Hindu temples reflect Hindu beliefs?

 AP HuGs Ch6 p.9
Religious Settlements & Toponyms
14. Utopian settlement:

15. What is the most famous utopian settlement in the U.S.?

16. Why did many utopian settlements decline?

17. How did New England settlers demonstrate the importance of religion in their lives?

18. Which immigrants frequently created religious toponyms? Where were these toponyms most frequent?
What are 3 examples you can think of?

Administration of Space
19. Why do universalizing religions tend to have more administrative organizations?

20. Hierarchical religion:

21. Describe the hierarchical organization of Latter-day Saints:

22. What are the different levels of organization in the Roman Catholic Church? How do they relate to each
other?
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23. Why do Latin American parishes contain more distance and more people compared to European parishes?

24. Where is the Roman Catholic population growing? Where is it decreasing?

25. Autonomous Religions:

26. Which universalizing religion provides the most local autonomy? Why?

27. Mosque:

28. Imam:

29. Why is there strong unity despite much local autonomy within the Islamic world?

30. Which Protestant denominations are more hierarchical in organization?

 AP HuGs Ch6 p.10
31. Which Protestant denominations are the most autonomous?

32. How are Presbyterian churches an example of intermediate autonomy?

33. How is Hinduism autonomous? How is it united?

Sacred Space in Universalizing Religions

34. Compare & contrast holy sites for ethnic religion v. universalizing religion.

35. Why do Buddhism & Islam emphasis holy areas?

36. Pilgrimage:

37. List & briefly describe the 4 most important holy sites for Buddhists:


38. What were Buddha’s principal miracles?

39. Describe Mecca (include the Ka’ba):

40. What is in Medina that makes it a holy site for Islam?

41. Hajj:

The Landscape in Ethnic Religions

42. Tirtha:

43. How do Hindus determine is a site is holy?

44. What are 2 examples of holy sites that Hindus make a pilgrimage to?
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45. Cosmogony:
 AP HuGs Ch6 p.11
46. What are Christianity’s & Islam’s cosmogony?

47. Describe yin & yang, and how this relates to the cosmogony of Chinese traditional ethnic religions.

48. What do primal-indigenous animists believe about the environment?

49. Describe burial practices in Christianity (include 3 specific details):

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50. How do Chinese burial practices impact the environmental uses and government policies?

51. Compare & contrast Hindu, Zoroastrian, and people in Micronesia.

52. Why do these differences exist? Why are

there similarities?

** What are some cultural, religious, and

environmental factors that influence methods of
disposing of bodies? **

53. What is the principal purpose of holidays in universalizing religions?

 Describe 3 specific examples from at least 2 different religions.

o

54. Why were Judaism’s major holidays based on the agricultural calendar?

 What are 2 major holidays in Judaism? What agricultural events are these holidays related to?

55. Solstice:
AP HuGs Ch6 p.12