AN EFFORT TO BUILD MEGASTRUCTURES IN THE NORTH-

EASTERN STATES OF INDIA

Journal: IABSE Symposium Nantes 2018

Manuscript ID Nantes-0104-2018.R1

Theme: TODAY’S AND TOMORROW’S MEGASTRUCTURES AND MEGAPROJECTS

Date Submitted by the Author: 24-Dec-2017

Complete List of Authors: Talukdar, Shrutismita; MVJ College of Engineering, Structural Engineering
Bora, Arindom; MVJ College of Engineering, Structural engineering

Seismic Design and Response < Other Aspects, Serviceability < Other
Keywords:
Aspects
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5 AN EFFORT TO BUILD MEGASTRUCTURES IN THE NORTH-EASTERN
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7 STATES OF INDIA
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9 Shrutismita Talukdar, Arindom Bora
10 M.Tech 3rd Semester (Structural Engineering) MVJ College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka,
11 India
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13 Contact: shrutismita10@gmail.com
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15 Abstract
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17 With the advancement of civil engineering field in various states of India, there are high rise
18 towers which are built taken into account the Indian standard codes. They are safe and secured
19 technically and even have a beautiful aesthetical view. Some of such towers consist of a minimum
20 of 16th stories. Whereas, in the same country India in other parts such as the north-eastern parts
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through such megastructures is in high demand both because of commercial as well as residential
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23 purpose with the increasing population in the states. But, civil engineers are not able to construct
24 such megastructures since they fall under very high seismic zone and it has hilly terrain. The north-
25 eastern part falls under the Indian seismic plate. Sometimes some activities under the Myanmar
26 region causes tremor in the north-eastern part of India
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28 In this study, we would like to propose the construction of high rise towers in the states
29 introducing dampers according to the seismic condition. The concept of using dampers are
30 generally challenging as the amount of working time and money utilized is higher than normal
31 construction. But for economic upliftment of a region, such construction should be made viable so
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that it can attract MNCs to set up offices and industries. With this paper, we would like to bring
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34 into focus the north-eastern part of India taking them a step ahead to develop both socially and
35 economically.
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Keywords: North-East India; Serviceability; lead rubber bearing damper.
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38 which are frequently used such as codebook
1 Introduction
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for concrete is IS 456:2000, for seismic design
40 India is a country in South Asia. It is the
41 IS 1893:2002, and many more. The codebooks
second most populous country and the most which are to be updated yearly is not yet
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populous democracy in the world. It is the updated for more than 7 years till now. Since
44 seventh largest country by area. Though it is many parts of the country fall in the seismic
45 one among the largest country by area in the zones mainly the north-eastern part, so the
46 world it is yet a developing country. As civil structural constructions are not very
47 engineering is the cream of the society, many developed. The government, as well as the
48 new technologies have been implemented for
49 clients, fear to raise funds for high rise
the development of the country. With the buildings thinking it would collapse in the
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51 implementation of such civil engineering severe earthquakes which occurs very
52 technologies yet India lacks behind all other frequently. So, in this paper, we would like to
53 developed countries because the core of civil propose the construction of high-rise
54 engineering i.e. the codebooks which are buildings in the north-eastern parts using a
55 commonly known as Indian Standards (IS) are specific damper which will help the building to
56 not yet updated. Some of the codebooks
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5 resist the earthquake shaking along with cost construction of the buildings in north-eastern
6 optimization. Not many people in our region part of India.
7 have the idea regarding dampers and their
8 Seismic dampers help in decreasing the
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use against seismic activity, so through this
damping effect on the building and improve
10 paper we would like to give them a
the building’s seismic performance. Seismic
11 knowledge regarding the use of dampers in
dampers act as the hydraulic shock absorber
12 the construction so that the government, as
13 in cars. As like hydraulic shock absorbers in a
well as the clients, raise funds for the
14 car, seismic dampers also resist the shock or
skyscrapers in the north-eastern parts as we
15 the jerk of the seismic waves on the buildings
have mentioned earlier India is second most
16 to a large amount and only a small part of the
17 populous country in the world. By doing this
shock is transmitted to the whole part of the
18 we can go a step ahead in making India a
building. This action of seismic damper resists
19 developed country.
the building to prevent the building from
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21 2 Behaviour of the building during collapse due to earthquake waves.
22 earthquake
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4 Lead rubber bearing damper
24 Earthquake is the horizontal forces that act on Lead rubber bearing dampers consist of
25 the surface of the structure in the horizontal
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laminated rubber and steel bearing with steel
direction. Earthquake generally results due to flange plates for mounting to the structures.
27 the movement of the tectonic plates below
28 The rubber present in the damper is soft
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the ground surface. During an earthquake, the laterally but very stiff vertically. The high
30 base of the building starts shaking but stiffness of the rubber is achieved by placing
31 because of inertia, the building tends to stay the rubber one above the other and
32 in its original position. When the shaking connecting it by steel. The lateral softness of
33 continues after a series of such oscillation, the
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the rubber allows the building to resists the
building tends to collapse or fully collapse. lateral movement of the building during an
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The shaking of the earthquake varies from
36 earthquake whereas vertical stiffness resists
37 places to places. In India, there are four the axial force on the building. The lead core
38 seismic zones (Zone II, Zone III, Zone IV and provides damping by deforming plastically
39 Zone V). The north-eastern part of India falls when the isolator moves laterally in an
40 under Zone V which experiences the major earthquake.
41 magnitude of earthquakes within less period
42 of time. 5 Implementation
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44 3 Dampers As per case study, it is learned that lead
45 rubber bearing damper was invented by
46 Dampers are the energy dissipation system. Robinson in 1982. [1] In the January 1994 Los
47 Application of dampers in high-rise buildings
48 Angeles earthquake, it could be seen that out
dissipates the horizontal force acting on the of 10 hospitals only the one which had used
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building and resists the building from collapse.
50 lead rubber bearing damper was functioning.
51 Based on the shaking of an earthquake and This hospital was a 7-storeyed building. It had
52 experienced ground accelerations of 0.49g.
from the various study we have concluded
53 Another example is the January 1995, Great
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that Lead rubber bearing dampers are the
best dampers to be installed in the Hanshin Earthquake in which a building that
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5 survived the earthquake with no damage with [2] N. N. Ambraseys, J. Douglas. Magnitude
6 a maximum ground acceleration of 0.40g. [1] calibration of North Indian earthquakes.
7 Geophysical Journal International, 1 October
8 6 Discussions
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2004, Volume 159, Issue 1, Pages 165–206.
10 Implementation of the lead rubber bearing
11 damper can be seen a maximum in New
12 Zealand, Japan and USA. [1] in the North-
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Eastern part of India the highest earthquake
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15 recorded was in 1987 with an MSK intensity
16 ranging between 5-9[2]. As the lead rubber
17 bearing damper has performed exceptionally
18 well in the areas of implementation in USA,
19 New Zealand and Japan it is also expected
20 that the same performance will be delivered
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when used in India. Further study on the
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23 experimental model considering the site
24 conditions is also suggested if a scope is
25 received.
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27 7 Conclusion
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29 Being in the category of a developing country
30 it is not possible to introduce high-
31 performance dampers like the tuned mass
32 damper, friction damper in the region as the
33 economic feasibility should be also paid heed
34 to. So, on the basis of cost to performance,
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the lead rubber bearing damper would be
37 highly recommended to be used in the region
38 as it is seen that it has given satisfactory
39 results at its point of application.
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41 References
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43 [1] W.H. Robinson. Passive control of
44 structures, the New Zealand experience. ISET
45 Journal of Earthquake Technology, December
46 1998; Paper No.375, Vol.35, No. 4, pp. 63-75
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