THE HYBRID SOLUTION

Power And Reliability In A Green Package

January 10, 2012

 Aspin Kemp & Associates
A Canadian based company
specializing in the design and
development of power,
propulsion and control systems
primarily in the marine and
offshore oil and gas industries.
Designed and manufactured the
AKA - PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
world’s first hybrid tug.
Developers of the Advanced
Generator Protection (AGP)
system.
Operate a manufacturing and
R&D facility in PEI with
complete test lab and training
facilities.
AKA - ONTARIO
Foss Maritime Company

• Founded in 1889
• West Coast and Global
• Two Shipyards
• 50 tugs; 70 barges
• 3,000-8,000 hp tugs
• Headquartered in Seattle
 Tractor Plus 
5,000 HP
The Foss Harbor Fleet
Dolphin Class Enhanced Tractor ASD Class
5,080 HP VSP 8,000 HP 6,610 HP

VSP – 4,000 HP E‐ASD Class VSP 3,000HP 

6,250 HP

4
 Foss Maritime – Going Green!
Certified 14001 Environmental Management System for all vessels
and offices

ISO 9001, ISM, Responsible Carrier Program(RCP).

Voluntarily switched their entire fleet to ULSD in 2007

Full vapor recovery on all petroleum barges, double hulled, LED

lighting

First company accepted into EPA’s SmartWay Transport program for

their Marine Operations

Upgrade program for engine purchase using Best Available Control

Technologies (Tier 2 and 3 currently)

Energy audits on 20 vessels

Shorepower at all docks

Testing a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst on tug Brynn Foss

 Recent Environmental Awards & Recognitions
2011 Chamber of Shipping Environmental Achievement Award (also 2010,2009, 2008 and 2007)
2010 Green Washington 2010 Runner Up (Seattle Business)
2010 Association of Washington Business Environmental Excellence Award
2009 WORKBOAT Comprehensive Environmental Management Plan (First Place Winner)
2009 WORKBOAT Environmental Initiative Award (Second Place Winner)
2009 WORKBOAT Carolyn Dorothy Significant Boats of 2009 winner (more than one winner)
2009 Significant Small Ships award winner - Carolyn Dorothy from The Royal Institution of Naval
Architects
2009 Port of Seattle and Propeller Club’s Marine Environmental Business of the Year
2009 Port of Long Beach’s Green Flag Environmental Achievement Award
2008 San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan Clean Air Excellence Award
2009 Marine Environmental Business of the Year Honorable Mention – Port of Seattle
2008 Port of Long Beach and Los Angeles Clean Air Action Plan Award
2008 Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Air Excellence Award – Development of the
World’s First Low Emissions Hybrid Tug
2008 U.S. Coast Guard William M. Benkert Award for Marine Environmental Protection – Gold Level
2008 British Petroleum Shipping CEO’s HSE Award for Outstanding Environmental Achievement
2007 Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Air Excellence Award - Clean Air Technology
category

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 A Green Dolphin !

Carolyn Dorothy hard at work with Capt. John Strunk in command. Photo credit: Capt. Bob Blair 

Foss Maritime’s Carolyn Dorothy – The World’s First Hybrid Tug
 Duty Cycle
Considerations
 The Tug Problem?
As with other vessel types, tugs need lots of
power….but not very often.

They are designed for full out…but typically

run there less than 3% of the
time….otherwise… they are near idle.

In fact…they usually operate in the least

efficient part of their range.

Specific fuel consumption “rears its ugly

head”.
 The Hybrid Tug Rationale

% of time 60.0%

50.0%
Typical harbour tug duty profile*
40.0%

30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

percent of full load

*data from actual operations, Foss Maritime SoCal
 The Hybrid Tug Rationale

% of time 60.0% conventional power plant design point

50.0%

40.0%

30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

percent of full load
The Hybrid Tug Rationale

specific fuel consumption *

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

percent of full load

* for a typical marine diesel (2500hp @ 1800 rpm)

 The Hybrid Tug Rationale

% of time 60.0% hybrid power plant design points

50.0%

40.0%

30.0%

20.0%

10.0%

0.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

percent of full load
 Definition &
Schematic Diagrams
 Defining Hybrid
a propulsion system which incorporates combination of
energy storage and/or drive line configurations to
reduce or eliminate the low efficiency operation of
A propulsion system which incorporates a 
combustion engines.
combination of
Typically includes:
drive line configurations, an
– transmission of mechanical, mechanical-electrical and
electrical power for propulsion;
energy management system, and/or energy 
– electrical, chemical and/or mechanical energy storage to
storage 
absorb excess power developed and to allow it to be re-
used later in the operational duty cycle; and
–to reduce or eliminate the low efficiency 
a power transmission configuration and control system
capable of maximizing the vessel's efficiency at multiple
points on operation of diesel engines.
its duty cycle.
 Detailed Shore Power

System Aux Gen Aux Gen

Schematic
AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
Conventional Shore Power

Mode
Aux Gen Aux Gen

(Emergency) AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Stop
Mode Aux Gen Aux Gen

AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Idle
Mode Aux Gen Aux Gen

AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Transit
Mode 1 Aux Gen Aux Gen

AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Transit
Mode 2 Aux Gen Aux Gen

AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Assist
Mode Aux Gen Aux Gen

AC (Vessel Service) Bus

Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch
 Shore Power
Alternative 
(Single Main  Aux Gen Aux Gen

Engine)  AC (Vessel Service) Bus
Configuration Batteries/Storage

AFE AFE DC/DC AFE AFE

DC Bus
VFD VFD

M/G Port Main Stbd Main

M/G
Engine Engine
Clutch Clutch Clutch Clutch
Construction
The Hybrid Vessel
Engine Room
Engine Room
New Hybrid Projects
Hybrid Cabinets
Build Photos
Build Photos
Human Machine Interface
Human Machine Interface
Human Machine Interface
Hybrid Cabinets
SOURCE: California Air Resource Board Report
Prepared by:  University of California – Riverside
College of Engineering‐Center for Environmental Research and Technology   
Questions?