DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF PAPER CUTTING MACHINE USING GENEVA

MECHANISM
ABSTRACT
Papercutting machine design and fabrication applies Geneva mechanism in cutting papers to
equal and accurate size. Geneva drive is a componentchanges continuous motion into
intermittent motion using indexing mechanism. The paper is moved between the time intervals of
cutting periods as a result of intermittent motion. The cutting action is achieved by
themechanism of crank and lever. The cutter will be pulled back to the original position as a
result of spring effect.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To cut precise and accurate papers ofequal dimensions.
2. To minimize time for measuring dimensions on paper.
3. To get an affordable paper cutting machine (at a cheaper cost).
4. To design the paper cutting machine as a single entity.
INTRODUCTION
1. This machine design aims at reducing time for marking and cutting the papers.
Intermittent motion is required which will be brought about by indexing mechanism of
the Geneva wheel.
2. The creation of Geneva mechanism is not complex and it’s very cheap since there is no
special profiles of curves needed but only straight lines and arcs.
3. The cutting action of the paper is done by themechanism ofcrank and lever. The spring
attached to the cutter pulls it back to its original positionafter cutting action is done.
4. The main objective of paper cutting machine is to minimize duration for marking the
papers. Therefore the machine is meant to save time and increase production.
MECHANISMS
1. Geneva wheel mechanism
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The purpose of Geneva mechanism is to obtainintermittent motion. Another name for Geneva
mechanism is an indexing mechanism.

2. CRANK AND LEVER MECHANISM

The connecting link is used to connect the sprocket to the lever. When the crank rotates, this
rotation is changedto an oscillating motion. Therefore the cutter obtains an oscillating motion
which cuts the paper.

COMPONENTS:
1. Sprockets
2. Roller chain
3. Geneva wheel
4. Paper cutter
5. Shaft
6. Coil spring
7. Paper roller
GENEVA WHEEL:
This Geneva, the driven wheel will have four slots and hence advances by steps of 90 degrees
from each slot in every rotation of the drive handle. Therefore, for every ¼ of the 360 degreesthe
intermittent motion is achieved.
SPROCKETS:
A sprocket is a profiled wheel that has teeth, cogs and it can even be meshed with a chain. Power
transmission bThe sprockets are used for the power transmission between two shafts through the
roller chain.
ROLLER CHAIN:
Roller chainis the type of chain drive most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power
between two sprockets. It consists of a series of short cylindrical rollers held together by side
links. It is driven by a toothed wheel called a sprocket.
PAPER CUTTER:
A paper cutteris a tool, designed to cut the paper with a straight edge. Paper cutters vary in size.
This paper cutter is used as the oscillator in the four bar crank and lever mechanism.
COIL SPRING:
A coil spring, also known as a helical spring, is a mechanical element, which is typically used to
store energy and subsequently release it. This coil spring is used to bring the cutter to its original
position.
SHAFT:
A shaft is a rotating machine element which is used to transmit power from one place to another.
This shaft form an integral part of the machine itself. The crank shaft is an example of machine
shaft.
PAPER ROLLER:
Paper roller is an element which is used to roll the paper while the intermittent motion. The paper
roller is used to feed the paper without any damage.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The handle is fixed to the crank (sprocket). If the handle is rotated,
1. When the cam pin is in extreme right position i.e. engage position, the crank shaft will be
at extreme bottom position. Hence the cutter is in full open position and the spring will be
in rest position.
 2. When the cam pin is in extreme bottom position i.e. disengage position, the crank shaft
will be at extreme left position. Hence the cutter is in partial cutting position and the
spring will be in partial tension.
3. When the cam pin is in extreme left position i.e. disengage position, the crank shaft will
be at extreme top position. Hence the cutter is in full cutting position and spring will be in
full tension.
4. When the cam pin is in extreme top position i.e. disengage position, the crank shaft will
be at extreme right position. Hence the cutter is in partial cutting position and the spring
will be in partial tension.
Thus the paper cutting is achieved by the above four process of the Geneva and cutter.
DESIGN CALCULATION FOR PAPER FEEDING
Length of the paper to be feed can be adjusted by..
The paper feed length = (circumference of the roller)/no. of slots in Geneva wheel
L = (2 * 𝜋 * R) / n
Where n is the number of slots in the Geneva wheel.
R is the radius of the roller,
L is the length of the paper to be feed.
DESIGN CALCULATION FOR CAM DRIVE

1. Angle of locking section, γ= π/2 (Z+2) =270˚

2. Semi-indexing angle(driven) α= π/Z = 45˚
3. Semi-indexing angle (driver) β= π(Z-2)/(2Z) =45˚
4. Gear ratio є=1 for Z=4
5. Radius ratio, µ= R/r =1.000
6. Indexing time ratio, ν= β/π =0.2500
COMPONENTS SPECIFICATION
MATERIAL SELECTION AND NO. OF MATERIALS

S.NO. PART MATERIAL NO. OF

1 Geneva wheel Mild steel 1

2 Sprockets Cast iron 2

3 Roller chain Stainless steel 1

4 Paper cutter Steel 1

5 Paper roller Mild steel 1

6 Coil spring Steel alloy 2

7 Shaft Mild steel 3

8 Frame and base Mild steel 1

COST ESTIMATION
S.NO PART AND DESCRIPTION COST

1 Geneva wheel 950

2 Sprockets 550

3 Roller chain 180

4 Paper cutter 150

5 Paper roller 100

6 Coil spring 60

7 Shaft 350

8 Frame, base and other materials 1350

9 Service charge 1100

10 TOTAL 4565

MERITS:
1. No need for marking the paper.
2. It will reduce the time for marking the paper.
3. The dimension of the paper will be accurate.
4. Manufacturing cost is less.
5. No noise pollution.
6. Compact in size.
7. Can be used for small scale industries.
8. Can able to change the machine elements easily
LIMITATIONS:
1. Can’t able to cut the papers above 15 cm width.
 2. Can’t able to cut bunch of papers i.e. more than 5 papers.
3. Can’t be used for large scale industries.
APPLICATIONS:
1. It can able to use in paper cutting industries.
2. It can able to use in paper crafting.
3. It can be used in many small scale paper industries.
4. It can be used to cut the color papers for designing.
5. It can be used in stationary stores
Conclusion
The design and fabrication of paper cutting machine using the Geneva mechanism is will be very
useful in small scale industries. There are many machines based on paper cutting but it has some
demerits like large in size, costly, need skilled people to operate and it needs electrical input. But
our machine will overcome this demerits by compact in size, less cost, no need for skilled people
and there is no need for electrical input. The design procedure is done for fabricating the Geneva
wheel and other elements of this machine. The main aim for this machine is to reduce timing for
paper cutting and neglect the time for marking the paper, this aim is achieved in our paper
cutting machine using Geneva mechanism.
REFERENCE:
1. C.Y. Cheng, Y. Lin, Improving dynamic performance of the Geneva mechanism using
non-linear spring elements, Mechanism and Machine Theory 30(1995) 119–129.
2. E.A. Dijksman, Jerk-free Geneva wheel driving, Journal of Mechanisms 1 (1966) 235–
283.
3. E.A. Fenton, Geneva mechanisms connected in series, ASME Journal of Engineering for
Industry 97 (1975) 603–608.
4. E.A. Sadek, J.L. Lloyd, M.R. Smith, A new design of Geneva drive to reduce shock
loading, Mechanism and Machine Theory 25 (1990) 589–595.