CCNA - Introduction to Networks

Handout for Students to make IPv4 Subnetting so much easier:

MAGIC IPv4 SUBNETTING TABLE

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = increment #
27 2 6 2 5 2 4 2 3 2 2 2 1 20 = powers of 2
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 = # of subnets 2n
126 62 30 14 6 2 0 - = # of hosts 2n – 2
7 6 5 4 3 2 - - = host bits leftover
1 2 3 4 5 6 - - = net bits borrowed
128 192 224 240 248 252 - - = subnet mask
/25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 - - = prefix length
- Network addresses are always EVEN (0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, …252)
- 1st usable addresses are always ODD (1, 5, 9, 17, 33, 65, 129, …253)
- Last usable addresses are always EVEN (2, 6, 14, 30, 62, 126, …254)
- Broadcast addresses are always ODD (3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, …255)

Formula - Calculating the number of subnets:

2n (n = # of bits borrowed)
Formula - Calculating the number of hosts:
2n – 2 (n = # of bits leftover for hosts)

VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask)

(Least amount of IP addresses wasted***best method of all)
You must start with the subnet that has the most hosts, then the 2nd largest subnet, and so on.
The largest subnet will be the starting point for the first network id number, i.e. 198.20.100.0, continue on
with network id numbering (using increment #) until you reach broadcast address, i.e. 198.20.100.255

Calculating network, hosts, and broadcast addresses:

1-calculate network address
2-calculate lowest host address (1> network address)
3-calculate broadcast address (all host bits set to 1)
4-calculate highest host address (1< broadcast address)
5-determine host address range

Jane Connors, Information Technology Instructor

Computer Systems and Networking Program
Programmer Analyst (Business) Program
College of the North Atlantic, Prince Philip Drive Campus
St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1C 5P7