An Investigation of Alugbati Plants to be use as an

Alternative Ink for Pen

and Markers

A Research Project Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School

Department of Metropolitan Medical Center-
College of Arts, Science and Technology

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for

Science, Technology, Engineering,
and Mathematics (STEM)

By

Austria, Princess A.

Gendrano, Manuel Jiro

Lacson, Skelcy

Mabunga, Ann Patricia R.

Sumilang, Oohris Moira D.C.

March, 2018

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITTLE PAGE :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. .4

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .5

 STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .

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 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION AND ITS BACKGROUND

Permanent marker and pen plays an important role in writing. Object with inks are
valuable and productive to create various writings on objects with enormous creative and
practical possibilities. Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigment or dyes and is use to colour a
surface to produce an image, text, or design.

Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, quills. All of the learners and
teacher’s used a pen or permanent marker that contains an ink. In fact the researchers know that
markers have limitation. And it is the usual problem of users specifically artists, students and
teachers.

Naturally, Synthetic materials like petroleum and chemical solvents is the kind of ink
that used in pens and marker. According to Department of Health Synthetic material is risky and
dangerous to the health of the user and also to the environment.

Background of the Study

There are a lot types of ink that are used for writing. Most commonly composed of
solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants and particulate matter. In this
modern world the price of the product becomes a challenge to all user particularly shortage of
resources in order to address the demands of consumer. Also the government encourage the
scientist to discover things that can be usefull and to provide the needs of social changes (Nildo
Olivera, 2012)

As we all know Alugbati plant (Basella Rubra Linn) is a very nutritious and delicious
vegetable, full of vitamins and nutrients. But aside from its fascinatinglooks, it is also composed
of color pigments. These pigments are possible in making and producing ink and dye. Alugbati
plants have many kinds of colors, thereare blue-green, red-violet, yellow-green, violet or simply
green. (Stephen Roy Pedroza, 2008)Ink is one of the major and primary things that people should
have. Ink is usedin ball pens, marker pens, printers and many more. Everybody needs ink for
writing and coloring purposes. But we are spending so much money just to buy and avail it.

The dye sell in the market is so expensive, So this project instead to lessen the expenses
of the users in buying dye and ink. This product is safe and it’s cheap and super affordable also it
is available anywhere as long as you have this alugbati plant.

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Theoretical Framework

PROBLEM SOLUTION OUTPUT

Fig.1 Theoretical Framework

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Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to produce pen and markers ink out of Alugbati fruits extract.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following question:

1. What is the pigment that can be extracted from the Alugbati it can be use as ink?
2. What are the properties can be found in Alugbati and made it in any color?
3. Can Alugbati fruit extract has a possiblity as an alternastive for marker and pen ink?

Significance of the Study

This study is significant to the following:

 Ink Industry- Trying to encourage Ink Industry tio use this natural sourse of ink
so that they could lessen their expenses.
 Agriculture and Environment – This research help the agriculture because it
can increase the number of Alugbati plant.
 Future Researcher – This study will serve as alternative information of the
future researchers. They can have an additional information about this alternative
ink.

Statement of the Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

As a researcher’s assumptions, there would be no difference the ordinary ink that the Ink
Industry teacher’s, students, agriculture, environment and future researcher’s used and Alugbati
plant. Its functions and purpose are the same. It has no potential as an alternative markers ink.

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Scope and Delimitation

The aim and focus of this study is to experiment the effectiveness of Alugbati plants
Extract as an alternative ink to pen and marker. This study limits at its coverage on permanent
marker ink-use, testing and creating of the sample ink using the ingredient of the propose
product. This study is to extent the use of Alugbati plants Extract as a source of making ink and
its great feature of ink. This Alugbati fruits is to extent the use of Alugbati plants in terms of ink.

This study is limited for the people who are artists such as calligraphers and painters.
Also the student and teachers.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined operationally:

Alugbati - Alugbati grows in tropically lowland in temperature region, it will be the alternative
ink.

Vinegar- Enhance the colour and acts as preservative.

Salt- Salt is a preservative 70%.

Ethyl Alcohol- Rubbing alcohol hastens drying time after use.

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