UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE
ELECTRICAL SECTION

Question 1

a. Mr Ali gets his electricity supply from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB). Explain with the
help of relevant diagrams how TNB generate and deliver electricity to his premise.

b. Discuss why different voltages are used in different parts of power system. For each part,
give their typical voltage values.

c. Name and discuss three (3) most important environmental problems usually associated with
power industry. How are these problem minimized?

Question 2
a. Explain the process of generating mechanical energy in the gas turbine power station?

b. Draw schematic diagram to represent a hydroelectric power station.

c. The dam catchment area for a hydroelectric station covers an area of 20 square km with water
capacity of 50 million cubic meters. Water head for the dam is 100m. If the turbine and the
generator efficiencies are 80% and 90% respectively, calculate the total electrical energy in
kWh that can be generated by the station. If an electrical load of 20 MW is connected to the
station for duration of 6 hours, obtain the drop in water level of the dam.

d. A 100 MW steam turbine generator rotates at 3000 revolutions per minute, 50Hz and is
supplying 70 MW at synchronous frequency. An additional20 MW load is suddenly applied to
the generator and the steam valve is opened only after 0.2 second. Calculate the lowest
frequency if the stored energy in the rotating parts moving at rated speed of 3000 rpm is 400
MJ.

e. As an engineer, discuss the methods applied in electricity generation. Also explain the
electricity generation in Malaysia and what kind of stations are the most suitable.
f. A hydroelectric station has a reservoir with water volume of 5 x 106 m3 and a head of 150 m.
The density of water is 1kg/m3 and the acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2.
(i) Calculate the electrical energy available.
(ii) If the overall efficiency is 80%, what is the generated power to the nearest MW if the
water is discharged at a rate of 120m3/s.

a. (i) Define the terms Diversity Factor and Load Factor.

(ii) Explain how the Load Factor of a power system is improved by an increase in
Diversity Factor.
b.
i. What is the voltage dips or sags in power supply? Explain how voltage sags affect
various customer loads.
ii. What is Demand Side Management (DSM)? Explain one DSM activity that can be
promoted by the utility company.

Question 3
a. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of HVDC transmission system.

b. A three phase line is arranged in parallel as in Figure Q3(b). The GMR for each conductoris
6.64 mm. The distance D1 and D2 are 3.2 m and 4.8 m, respectively. If the line frequency is
50Hz, calculate:

(i) The inductive reactance of the line in Ω per km per phase.

(ii) (ii) The capacitive susceptance per phase to neutral of the line in mho per km.
(Permittivity of free space, εo=8.85 x 10−12 F/m)
 Figure Q3(b)

c. A 30 km, three phase 60Hz transmission line is transferring power to a 100MW load with
power factor of 0.9 lagging. The load voltage is 215 kV. Given resistance and inductance of
the line per phase of 0.62 Ω per km and 0.93 mH per km, respectively, calculate

(i) Current and voltage at the sending end of the line.

(ii) Line efficiency.
(iii) Voltage regulation

d. A 3 phase 138 kV short transmission line has impedance per phase of (2+j4) W. If the line is
used to transfer power to a 25 MW three phase load at lagging power factor of 0.8 with rated
terminal voltage, compute

(i) the line efficiency

(ii) Voltage and power factor at sending end of the line.

e. A circuit of single phase transmission line consist of three solid wires where each of them
having the radius of 0.25 cm. The return circuit consist of two wires both having the radius of
0.5 cm. The conductor’s arrangement are shown in Figure Q3(d) below. Find the inductance
due to current flow in each circuit of the line and the total inductance in Henry/meter.
 Figure Q3(d)

d. The daily load of an industrial concern is as follows:

1250 kW from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m.
1000k W from5 .00p .m.to 12.00p .m.
200k W from 12.00p .m.to 6.00a .m.
500 kW from 6.00 a.m. to 9.00 a.m.
Determine the energy consumption for a 30 days month and the month electricity
Charges if the industry using the medium voltage tariff E2. The Tariff is given in figure
Q4(d).

Figure Q4(d)