Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

CNS PNS

Somatic Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System

Excitatory Neurotransmitters Inhibitory Neurotransmitters Synapse

Multipolar Neuron Bipolar Neuron Unipolar Neuron

Sensory Neuron Interneuron Motor Neuron

Neuroglial Cell Microglial Cell Oligrodendrocyte

Astrocyte Ependymal Cell Schwann Cell

Neurolemma Myelin Sheath Dendrite

Axon Nodes of Ranvier Nissl Bodies

Axon Terminal
Neurofibrils Na/K Pump
(bulb or ending)

Part of PNS; allows CNS to
communicate with organs, glands,
involuntary functions
Part of PNS that allows CNS to
control organs during non-stressful
times
Gap between neurons that allows
neurons to communicate with other
neurons, muscles, glands with
neurotransmitters
Neuron with axon and dendrite
extending from one extension from
cell body; are sensory neuron
Multipolar neurons that
communicate with
muscles/glands/organs; allowing
for responses and movement
Neuroglial cells that produce
myelin for neurons in the CNS
Neuroglial cells that produce
myelin for neurons in the PNS
Extensions of neurons that receive
signals from other neurons or
receptors
Serve as the endoplasmic reticulum
of neurons; carries out various
chemical reactions
The ends of axons; stores and
releases neurotransmitters
Includes nerves outside the CNS;
allows for CNS to communicate
with body, allows for sensation,
movement
Part of autonomic NS that allows
CNS to control organs during times
of stress
Neurotransmitter that prevent
impulse from be carried on in the
next neuron,/muscle/gland
Neuron with 2 extensions; one
axon and one dendrite; are sensory
neurons
Neurons located in CNS; allows
neurons to communicate; connects
sensory to motor
Neuroglial cells that support
neurons and phagocytize bacteria
and debris
Neuroglial cells that lines the
spaces of CNS and help circulate
cerebralspinal fluid
Layers of fat around axons that
insulate so action potential can
travel more efficiently
Parts of axons that are not covered
with myelin; Na and K ions are
pumped here, allowing action
potential to proceed
Membrane protein that pumps
sodium and potassium in and out of
axon during action potential
Includes the brain and spinal cords;
allows for thought, memory,
senses, movement, reflexes,
communication
Part of PNS; allows CNS to
communicate with skeletal
muscles, voluntary functions
Neurotransmitter that allows
impulse to be carried on by
neuron/muscle/gland
Neuron with many extensions from
cell body; has one axon and many
dendrites; are motor or inter-
neurons
Bipolar or unipolar neuron that
detects stimuli and environmental
changes and communicates them
with the CNS
Cells that support and provide a
stable environment so neurons can
communicate
Neuroglial cell that forms a barrier
between the bloom stream and
brain cells, regulates ions and
nutrients and entry of substances
Cell membrane of neuron; controls
the flow of ions into and out of
neuron
Part of neuron that carries impulses
away from cell body toward other
neurons/muscles/glands
Strands of protein fibers in neuron
that help direct impulses in one
direction: dendrite, cell body, axon