BAB I

NARRATIVE

The purpose of narrative text

The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.

The generic structure of narrative text

1) Orientation

Sets the scene: where and when the story happened and introduces the participants of the story:
who and what is involved in the story.

2) Complication

Tells the beginning of the problems which leads to the crisis (climax) of the main participants.

3) Resolution

The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in a sad (tragic) ending

4) Re-orientation/Coda

This is a closing remark to the story and it is optional. It consists of a moral lesson, advice
or teaching from the writer
Grammatical language
 Past tense (killed, drunk,etc)
 Adverb of time (Once upon a time, one day, etc)
 Time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
 Specific character. The character of the story is specific, not general. (Cinderella, Snow
White, Alibaba, etc)
 Action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
 Direct speech. It is to make the story lively. (Snow White said,”My name is Snow
White). The direct speech uses present tense.

Text 1 :

Snow White

Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her aunt and uncle
because her parents were dead.

One day she heard her uncle and aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because
they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.

Snow White didn’t want her uncle and aunt to do that so she decided that it would be best if
she ran away. The next morning she ran away into the woods. She was very tired and hungry.
Then she saw a little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell
asleep.

Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. There they found Snow White
sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs.

The dwarfs said, “What is your name?”

Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.”

Then, Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story.

The dwarfs said, “If you want, you may live here with us.”

Snow White answered, “Oh, could I? Thank you.”

Finally, Snow White and the seven dwarfs lived happily ever after.

1. What type of the text is used by the witer?

a. narrative
b. report
c. anecdote
d. comparative
e. news item

2. To tell the plot, the writers uses…………..

a. a rhetorical question and an exclamation
b. time sequences
c. contrastive evidences
d. past tense
e. concessive conjunctions

3. Why Snow White ran away to the woods?

a. Her parents passed away
b. Her uncle was angry with her
c. Her uncle and aunt would go to America
d. Snow White was happy to run away
e. Snow White liked playing in the woods.

4. When did Snow White run away to the woods?

a. In the afternoon
b. In the morning
c. In the evening
 d. In the full moon
e. In the middle of night

5. Where did Snow White live after she ran away to the woods?
a. She lived in the cave
b. She lived in the lion nest
c. She lived everywhere in the woods
d. She lived in the dwarfs’ cottage
e. She lived on the street

6. According to the text, before she ran away into the woods, why did Snow White live
with her uncle and aunt?
a. because she loved them very much
b. as a result of forcing attitude from them
c. because her parents were dead
d. because she were afraid of the dwarfs
e. because she ran away from a monster

7. The communicative purpose of this text is…………..

a. to inform the readers about important and newsworthy events
b. to entertain readers with fairy tale
c. to share an account of an unusual event
d. to persuade readers to accept his/her opinions
e. to denote or propose something as the case

8. The organization of the text above is………….

a. abstract, orientatin, crisis, incident,coda
b. thesis, argument: plot-elaboration
c. orientation, complication, resolution,
d. description, background events, sources
e. orientation, event, twist
text 2 :
A farmer came across a bird with a broken wing. He picked it up, took it home and
looked after it lovingly, even though his wife complained bitterly about his wasting too much
time on the creature.

After some time, the wing mended and, because the bird did not want the farmer to have
kept on arguing with his wife all the time, it decided to go back to its nest.

When the farmer discovered that the bird was gone, he was so upset that he went out to
look for it. Eventually, he found it again, and was greeted happily by the whole family of the
bird. As a sign of their thanks for his care and attention, the birds gave him a little box, and
told him not to open it until he got home.

To his surprise, the farmer found the box full of precious stones. When his wife saw
them, she decided that she too deserved a reward, and she went to see the birds. The birds gave
her a little casket; but this one was full of devils. The devils jumped on her as soon as she
opened the casket and chased her away.

Left alone, the farmer went to live near his friend, the bird. There he built a hut of
perfumed wood; and the birds decorated it with flowers of every kind.

1. Which of the following statements do you agree with ?

a. The farmer chased his wife away.

b. The farmer lived happily with his wife.

c. The farmer’s wife took care of the bird.

d. The bird was very thankful to the farmer.

e. The farmer’s wife was a very kind woman.

2. The farmer’s new hut was….

a. Well furnished

b. Built by the birds

c. a gift from the birds

 d. decorated luxuriously

e. built of perfumed wood

3. What do we learn from the text?

a. A gift shows kindness.

b. Sufferings bring happiness.

c. Arguing makes you distressed.

d. A good deed deserves a reward.

e. Having no heart makes you isolated.

4. What is the main information discussed in the third paragraph?

a. The bird left the farmer.

b. The birds welcomed the farmer

c. The farmer got a little casket from the birds.

d. The farmer was so angry and went out to find the bird.

e. The farmer was happy having got a box of precious stones.

5. The word “discovered” (p3) means….

a. proved

b. found out

c. saw

d. invented

e. believed
6. What type of the text is used by the witer?

a. narrative
b. report
c. anecdote
d. comparative
e. news item
 BAB II

DESCRIPTIVE

The Definition and Purpose of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to
describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text has structure as below:

 Identification; identifying the phenomenon to be described.

 Description; describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or/and characteristics.

The Language Feature of Descriptive Text

 Using attributive and identifying process.

 Using adjective and classifiers in nominal group.

 Using simple present tense

text 1:

Natural Bridge National Park

Natural Bridge National Park is luscious tropical rainforest.

It is located 110 kilometers from south of Brisbane and is reached by following the
Pacific Highway to Nerang and then by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This
scenic roadway lies in the shadow of Lamington National Park.
The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch’ and the cave through which
a waterfall cascades is a short one-kilometer walk below a dense rainforest canopy
from the main picnic area. Swimming is permitted in the rock pools. Night-time
visitors to the cave will discover the unique feature of the glow worms. Picnic areas
offers toilets, barbeque, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight
camping is not permitted.

1. What is the function of paragraph 1?

a. as an identification

b. as an orientation

c. as a thesis

d. as a classification

e. as an abstract

2. The text above is in form of………….

a. hortatory exposition

b. narrative

c. description

d. report

e. explanation

3. What is the communicative purpose of the text?

a. to present two points of views about natural bridge national park

b. to explain the bridge national park

c. to describe the bridge national park

d. to retell the bridge national park

 e. to persuade readers to treat preserve the bridge nationl park

4. Where is the natural bridge national park located?

a. 110 kilometers from South of Brisbane

b. 110 kilometers from Pacific Highway

c. 110 kilometers from Numinbah Valley

d. 110 kilometers from Lamington National Park

e. 110 kilometers from Nerang

5. What the visitors will see in the night?

a. a common glow worm

b. the unique feature of the glow worms

c. a great dark cave

d. the unique rocks

e. the fantastic bridge

6. The word ‘luscious’ in the text means………..

a. succulent

b. dense

c. dull

d. dry

e. arid
Text 2 :

On the banks of the Chao Phraya, Bangkok’s “River of Kings”, lies a hotel that has
already set new standards of hospitality for this celebrated city.

Set in magnificently lanscaped tropical gardens, the Shangri-La Bangkok provides

guests with all the charm and warmth of the orient and, at the same time, unsurpassed
range of facilities and leisure activities.

There is a choice of 12 superb settings in which to wine and dine, a large free-form
swimming pool that overlooks the river, conventoin and meeting facilities for up to
2000 people, and a 24-hour business centre.

And, from every single guest room and suite, there is a breathtaking view of all the
exotic hustle and bustle of the fabled “River of Kings”.

One might expect such a well-equipped and positioned hotel to be miles away from the
city center but, at Shangri-La Bangkok the busness district and main shopping areas are
mere minutes away.

From more than 200 years, Bangkok’s granduer has been reflected in the waters of the
Chao Phraya. Today, the Shangri-La Bangkok towers beside this majestic river, offers
its guests the golden promise of the East.

1. The text mainly focuses on…………..

a. Bangkok’s granduer

b. Shangri-La Bangkok

c. Bangkok’s ”River Kings”

d. the water of the Chao Praya

e. the majestic river in Bangkok

2. The type of text above is a/an……………

a. report
 b. recount

c. anecdote

d. narrative

e. descriptive

3. For how many people the meeting facilities are up to?

a. 6000 people

b. 4000 people

c. 2000 people

d. 5000 people

e. 1000 people

4. The communicative purpose of this text is………………

a. to describe Chao Praya

b. to retell events for entertainment

c. to present at least two points of view about an issue

d. to tell the luxury of Shangri-La Bangkok

e. to inform readers, listeners, or viewers about events of the day

 BAB III

NEWS ITEM

Purpose

News Item Text is used to inform readers about events of the day which are
considered newsworthy or important.

Generic Structure

The main Generic Structure of News Item Text:

Newsworthy event(s)

Elaboration ( background, participant, time, place )

Resource of information

Language Features

The Language Features of News Item Text:

Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline

Focusing on circumstances

Using action verbs

Using saying verbs

Using adverbs : time, place and manner.

Text 1 :

Thailand has a new king after Crown Prince Maha Vajiralongkorn, 64, accepted an
invitation from parliament to succeed his father. His succession comes 50 days after the
widely loved and revered King Bhumibol died in October, aged 88. Prince
Vajiralongkorn will be known as King Maha Vajiralongkorn. He will also be known as
Rama X, or the 10th king of Thailand's Chakri dynasty. He addressed his people in a
televised statement on Thursday. He said: "I would like to accept the invitation for the
benefit of the Thai people." Thailand's Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha said: "May
all the Thai people unite to pray that…he may long reign as an idol and guardian of the
Thai people."

The coronation of the new king will not take place until after King Bhumibol's
cremation early next year. The new king was born on July 28, 1952. He went to schools
in Australia and the UK before doing his military training in Australia. King Maha
Vajiralongkorn is widely travelled and has a home in Germany. Over the past few years,
he has undertaken more of his father's ceremonial duties in Thailand when the late king
was ill and needed medical treatment. He also organized and participated in high-profile
events such as cycle rides around the Thai capital Bangkok. One of his first acts as
monarch will be to endorse Thailand's new constitution that has been backed by the
Thai people.

1. How old is Thailand's new King Maha Vajiralongkorn?

A. 61

B. 62

C. 63

D. 64

E. 65
2. What title will King Maha Vajiralongkorn also be known as?

A. Chakri

B. Rama X

C. Your highness

D. Sire

E. Chan-ocha

3. On what medium did King Maha Vajiralongkorn address his people?

A. In a city hall speech

B. The radio

C. The Internet

D. Television

E. In the palace

4. "May all the Thai people unite to pray that…"

The underlined word is closest in meaning with ....

A. Place

B. Reign

C. Cooperate

D. Accept

E. Pray
5. In which country outside Thailand does the king have a home?

A. The USA

B. The UK

C. Bangkok

D. Germany

E. Australia

Text 2:

An Internet campaign has come to the rescue of an 80-year-old man in the USA who
was reduced to selling firewood on the roadside to pay for his wife's medical bills.
Octogenarian Kenneth Smith spent hours a day selling kindling for $5 a bag. He started
last year and was then helped by his wife of over 30 years, Helen, who was dying of
lung cancer. Tragically, she lost her battle in October and Mr Smith was left with
crippling hospital fees, which wiped out his life savings. A local woman, Jessica
Pittman, saw Mr Smith and posted a Facebook message urging people to help him. Her
post has been shared over 9,000 times and motorists have stopped their car to give Mr
Smith some cash.

Ms Pittman's kind deed encouraged Mr Smith's son to go a step further and set up an
online appeal. He created a page at the website GoFundMe and donations soon came
flooding in from all corners of the Earth. The online campaign raised $20,000 in three
days. Ms Pittman told the BBC that she had "no clue" her actions would prompt such
generosity. She said: "Although it will not lessen the heartache of losing his wife, I am
thankful it will at least take a little worry off of his plate and help him make ends meet."
Mr Smith said he has been "overwhelmed" with the response. He added that even
though his wife wasn't by his side, he still feels her presence, "because she's looking
down on me," he said.
1. For how much did the man sell his bags of kindling?

A. $5

B. $6

C. $7

D. $8

E. $9

2. Who set up a web page for Mr Smith?

A. A local woman

B. His son

C. His daughter

D. A company

E. The BBC

3. How many times did a Facebook post get shared?

A. Just fewer than 9,000 times

B. Exactly 9,000 times

C. Around 9,000 times

D. Just 9,000 times

E. Over 9,000 times

4. How much did the online campaign raise?

A. A million dollars

B. $100,000
 C. $20,000

D. $50,000

E. $70,000

5. What does Mr Smith still feel?

A. His wife's presence

B. Numb

C. Lessened

D. Happy

E. down
 BAB IV

PROCEDURE

Purpose of a Procedure Text :

To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of action or steps. The

communicative purpose is to tell the steps of making or doing something.

Generic Structure of Procedure

Goal: showing the purpose

Material: Telling the needed materials. (It can be optional)

Step 1 up to finish. Describing the steps to achieve the purpose

Language Feature of Procedure

Using temporal conjunction

Using action verb

Using imperative sentence

Using Simple Present Tense

Text 1:

Ingredients

4 red potatoes

1 tablespoon olive oil

1 onion, chopped

1 green bell pepper, seeded and chopped

2 tablespoons olive oil

1 teaspoon salt

3/4 teaspoon paprika

1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper

1/4 cup chopped fresh parsley

Equipment

Large skillet

Plate

Pot

Steps

1. Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add potatoes and cook until tender but
still firm, about 15 minutes.

2. Drain the potatoes and cut them into 1/2 inch cubes when they are already cool.
 3. In a large skillet, heat 1 tablespoon olive oil over medium high heat. Add onion and
green pepper. Cook about 5 minutes stirring often, until soft. Transfer to a plate and set
aside.

4. Pour remaining 2 tablespoons of oil into the skillet and turn heat to medium-high.

5. Add potato cubes, salt, paprika and black pepper. Cook, stirring occasionally, until
potatoes are browned about 10 minutes.

6. Stir in the onions, green peppers and parsley and cook for another minute. Serve hot.

PREP TIME: 20 Min

COOK TIME: 25 Min

1. What does the text tells about ?

A. the potatoes and their use
B. how to make fried potatoes
C. boiling potatoes in good ways
D. someone‟s experience in cooking
E. How to make potatoes

2. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the text ?

A. It takes 25 minutes to cook the food well.
B. You need 3 kinds of equipment to cook the meal.
C. the food should be served hot
D. The potatoes must be cut after they are getting cool.
E. Add potatoes and cook until tender but still firm, about 15 minutes.

3. How long do we need to try the recipe until it is ready to be served ?

A. 45 minutes
B. 40 minutes
 C. 25 minutes
D. 20 minutes
E. 30 minutes

4. “Transfer to a plate and set aside.”

The word “transfer” in the sentence nearly means…
A. bring
B. move
C. drain
D. take
E. Tired

5. “ Drain the potatoes and cut … when they are already cool.”
The word "they" refers to ....
A. The potatoes.
B. The cubes.
C. The utensils.
D. The ingredients
E. The onion

Text 2:
Soup Ingredients:
§ 5 chillies
§ 100 gr palm sugar
§ 2 tbsp sugar
§ Salt and pepper
§ 2 tbsp light soya sauce
§ 2 tbsp ebi (dried prawn)
§ Handful diced cucumber
 § 4 tbsp rice vinegar
§ 1 tsp tamarind
§ 250 ml water
Method
Soup Method
Boil all soup ingredients into sauce pan
Serving:

1. Blend all the ingredients into food processor until the smooth like a dough, you could
put splash of water if you need it.
2. Put enough fish cake into your hand and put half boiled egg in the middle and over
it with the dough and put into boiled water until floating.
3. Drain all the water, deep fry it and add some of the soup.

1. The text tells you about …

a. how to make Pempek Palembang
b. how to eat Pempek Palembang
c. the soup ingredients to make Pempek Palembang
d. how to prepare the ingredients to make Pempek Palembang
e. the equipment needed to make Pempek Palembang

2. The followings are the main ingredients you need to make Pempek Palembang, except
…
a. pepper d. soya sauce
b. sugar e. salt
c. corn flour

3. What is the use of the food processor?

a. to boil the ingredients d. to fry the
ingredients
b. to measure the ingredients e. to heat the
ingredients
 c. to blend the ingredients

4. Why is oil needed to prepare the dough?

a. to fry the dough
b. to clean the dough
c. to heat the dough
d. to make the dough softer
e. to prevent the dough from being sticky
 BAB V
ANNOUNCEMENT

Function of Announcement

An announcement is used for giving people some information of what has happened or
what will happen.

Generic Structure of Announcement

Stating Purpose: The text that contains what event will be held

Stating Day and Date: Day and Date realization. The text that contains when the event will
be held

Stating Place: The text that contains where the event will be held

Informing Sender: The text that contains name of the person who will be contacted

Language Feature of Announcement

Using Simple Present Tense and simple future tense.

Using exact noun

Pronunciation and Intonation (spoken announcement)

Spelling and Punctuation

Text 1 :

Mighty River Short Story Contest

Deadline December 10, 2008
About the contest:
We're searching for the best short story relating in some way to the Mississippi River, the River
Valley, or a sister River: its landscape, people, culture, history, current events, or future.
Semi-finalists will be chosen by a regional team of published writers. The final manuscript will
be chosen by Susan Swartwout, publisher of Southeast Missouri State University Press.
Winner receives an award of $500 and publication in Big Muddy: A Journal of the Mississippi
River Valley.
Winner will be announced December 15, 2008.
Mail manuscripts to:
MRSS Contest
Southeast Missouri State University Press MS 2650, One University Plaza Cape Girardeau,
MO 63701

1. What is the announcement about?

a. Regional publishers d. Some rivers in Mississippi
b. The deadline of a contest e. Short story contest
c. Winners of writing contest
2. When will be the end for the participants send their manuscript?
a. December 10, 2008 d. December 11, 2009
b. December 20, 2008 e. December 20, 209
c. December 11, 2008
3. Southeast Missouri State University Press MS 2650, One University Plaza Cape
Girardeau, MO 63701 is the address of ……..
a. Participants d. winner
b. Senders e. publisher
c. Committee
4. “Winner receives an award of $500 and publication in Big Muddy”
The antonym of the underlined word is ………
a. Makes d. tells
b. Chooses e. wins
c. Gives

text 2:

Announcement
There will be a holiday camp next month. All scout must join this camp. The activity
will take place at Bangunharjo camping sie and last for three days.
for further information, please contact Mr. Arkan.
Banyumas, May 12th,2009
The Chief of Scout Organization
1. When will the activity be held ?
A. In May
B. In June
C. In July
D. In August
E. In January

2. If the camp starts in June 5th, when will it end ?

A. June 6th.
B. June 7th.
C. May 12th.
D. May 25th.
E. June 2th

3. Who must join the activity ?

A. All students
B. All scouts
C. All chiefs
 D. All Banyumas people
E. All teachers

Text 3 :
Announcement
English Conversation Club (SCC)
is opening registration for new members
join us and improve your English!
Every Thursday from 16.00 to 17.00 at the school hall
For registration, please contact
Wayan (VIIA)
Anissa (VIIB)

1. When do the members have meeting ?

A. In the morning.
B. On Thursday afternoon.
C. On Thursday morning.
D. In the afternoon at three o’clock.
E. On Sunday morning

2. Where do they have the meeting ?

A. In the ECC’s meeting room.
B. In the VIIA classroom.
C. At the school hall.
D. At the cafetaria.
E. At the canteen

3. How long does the meeting last ?

A. One and a half hours.
B. One hour.
C. One and a quarter hours.
D. Two hours.
E. 30 minutes