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Software
Boeing 777
Panel Manual
Table of Contents
1. Overhead Panel Page 3
i. ADIRU Page 3
ii. Thrust ASYM Page 4
iii. Electric panel Page 5
iv. Wiper panel Page 8
v. Miscellaneous Page 9
vi. Hydraulics Page 10
vii. Passenger signs Page 12
viii. Fire Protection Page 17
ix. Engine Page 18
x. Fuel System Page 19
xi. Pneumatics Page 20
ADIRU Section 1
Air Data Inertial Reference Unit (ADIRU)
The ADIRU is responsible for providing flight data, inertial reference, and air data. It is fault-
tolerant and fully redundant.
Power
Initially the ADIRU requires battery bus power and the ADIRU switch to be on, after switching
on the ADIRU the airplane cannot be moved until full alignment occurs. If the airplane is
moved or the ADIRU is turned off a full realignment cycle must be conducted.
In flight, system logic prevents the ADIRU from becoming unpowered, even if the switch is
inadvertently switched off.
ADIRU Alignment
While the ADIRU is either unaligned or in alignment all attitude and heading/track information
is removed from the PFD’s.
Once electrical power is provided to the aircraft the ADIRU switch is turned on. Airplane
latitude/longitude position must then be entered on the CDU POS INIT page.
You may either enter the airport and gate number that you are currently at or use the GPS
derived position. Press the right LSK next to the co-ordinates you wish to use to enter them
th
in the scratch pad and 5 right LSK to set the inertial position.
Once alignment is complete the airplane can be moved, however if the airplane stops for an
extended period of time the ADIRU automatically realigns itself until the airplane moves
again.
When the switch is in the auto setting the thrust asymmetry compensation operates
automatically if an asymmetry condition is detected, such as an engine failure. If the switch is
off it disconnects the system from the flight control system.
When the switch is on it puts the flight control system into direct mode and when in the
disconnect detent disconnects the primary flight computers (PFCs) from the flight control
system.
The electrical system generates and distributes AC and DC power to various airplane
systems and is comprised of: main AC power, backup power, DC power, standby power, and
flight controls power. The whole system is automatic and any faults are detected and
isolated.
Battery
Turning the battery on while on the ground allows a few switch annunciation lights to
illuminate and also allows the APU to be started. When other sources of AC power are
removed it powers the emergency lighting as well the PFD, ND, MFD, EICAS and CDU.
The APU is electrically identical to the IDGs (integrated drive generator) located in each
engine and can provide either or both main busses. It can also be used in flight as a
replacement to either IDG source.
When the APU GEN is on the generator is armed to automatically close if there is no other
power source available, connecting to both main AC busses. If external power sources are
available the APU will power either bus.
The APU GEN OFF light illuminates when the APU is operating and the APU generator
breaker is open or because the switch is on the off position.
The bus tie relays, which are controlled by the BUS TIE switches, isolate or parallel the main
busses. When the switches are set in the AUTO position the bus tie system operates
automatically to maintain power to both main busses.
Within each engine is an Integrated Drive Generator (IDG) which, when the engine is started,
automatically powers the respective main bus, as long as the GEN CTRL Switch is on. Each
individual IDG may be disconnected from their bus by turning the GEN CTRL Switch off.
When the switch is pushed the Integrated Drive Generator (IDG) is disconnected from the
engine input.
When external power source voltage and frequency are within limits the AVAIL (available)
light illuminates on the switch. External power can supply both the left and right main busses
when there is no other supply of power as well as when either the IDG or APU are running.
Turning the switch on will connect the external power to the various busses.
In the event that backup power is required it is provided by a variable speed and frequency
generator mounted on each engine. When the switch is on the backup generator is armed for
operation and when it is off it opens up the control relay.
When the selector is moved to the start position it initiates the automatic start sequence and
then is spring loaded to return to the ON position. When in the ON position it opens the fuel
valve and inlet door, activates AC or DC fuel pump and powers the APU controller. When
there is no further need for the APU, the selector can be moved to the off position which
closes the APU bleed air isolation valve and initiates a normal shutdown.
When in the off position the window wipers remain stowed, at the INT detent the wipe
intermittently. At low the wiper operates at low speed and high the wiper operates at high
speed.
Camera Lights
When turned on the nose and tail mounted camera lights come on.
Miscellaneous Section 5
Emergency Lights
When this switch is in the armed position in the event of a loss of electrical power all
emergency lights will illuminate automatically. While in the on position all the emergency
lights will illuminate and in the off position the emergency lights will not illuminate, even if
there is a loss of electrical power.
When the switch is in the off position it allows the independent operation of the service and
flight interphone system, and while in the on position connects the service and flight
interphone systems.
Passenger Oxygen
The passenger oxygen system automatically deploys oxygen masks in the cabin and toilets
when the cabin altitude exceeds 14,000ft. The passenger oxygen switch allows the oxygen
masks to be deployed manually.
Window Heat
These switches turn on and off the exterior anti-icing and interior antifogging on all flight deck
windows. These begin to operate as soon as electrical power is established.
Hydraulics Section 6
RAM Air Turbine (RAT)
When deployed the RAT can provide hydraulic power to the primary flight control components
which are connected to the centre hydraulic system. It also provides electrical power through
the flight envelope.
The RAT will deploy in flight if both engines are failed, both AC transfer busses are
unpowered of all three hydraulic system pressures are low. The RAT may also be deployed
manually by pressing on the RAT switch.
Once deployed the RAT cannot be stowed in the air and must be done so by an engineer on
the ground.
These switches pressurise the related left of right hydraulic system by the engine-driven
hydraulic pump when the engine rotates and the switches are on. When they are turned off
the engine-driven pump is turned off and depressurised.
These pumps, rather than been engine driven, are electrically driven and provide
supplementary hydraulic power for periods of high system demand. They also provide a
backup power source. When in the auto position the pump operates when pressure is low or
when the system believes there will be a large system demand. When in the on position the
pumps run continuously and in the off position the pumps don’t run at all.
Hydraulics Section 6
C1/C2 Electrical Primary Pump Switches
There are two motor-driven primary pumps for the centre hydraulic system. The primary
pump switches control the pump operation. When the switch is turned on the pumps operate
and when turned off the motor-driven pumps are turned off.
These pumps, rather than been motor driven, are air driven and provide supplementary
hydraulic power for periods of high system demand. They also provide a backup power
source. When in the auto position the pump operates when pressure is low or when the
system believes there will be a large system demand. When in the on position the pumps run
continuously and in the off position the pumps don’t run at all.
When the switch is in the off position the no smoking signs are not illuminated and when in
the on position the no smoking signs are illuminated.
If selected in the auto position the signs are illuminated or extinguished automatically with
reference to airplane altitude and configuration.
Seatbelt Switch
When the switch is in the off position the Seat Belt/Return to Seat signs are not illuminated
and when in the on position the Seat Belt/Return to Seat signs are illuminated.
If selected in the auto position the signs are illuminated or extinguished automatically with
reference to airplane altitude and configuration.
This switch overrides the normal light settings and illuminates the cockpit lights at maximum
brightness.
When the control is on it allows the generic setting of all panel lights, overriding their
individual settings.
The landing lights are located in the left and right wing root which are optimized for the flare
and ground roll. There are also two nose gear located landing lights which are optimized for
the approach. When the switches are in the on position the landing lights are on and when
the switch is in the off position the lights are off.
Beacon Lights
The beacon light are the red anti-collision lights on the top and bottom of the fuselage. They
should be turned on at any time the airplane is moving (under its own power or a tug), or
when the engines are running. When the switch is in the on position the beacon lights are on
and when the switch is in the off position the lights are off.
Navigation/Position Lights
The navigation/position lights are the red and green lights on the forward wing tip (red on the
left wing and green on the right wing). On the aft tip of both wings is a steady white light.
When the switch is in the on position the navigation/position lights are on and when the switch
is in the off position the lights are off.
Logo Lights
The logo lights are located on the stabilizer and illuminate the airline logo on the vertical tail
surface. When the switch is on the logo lights are on and when the switch is in the off
position the logo lights are off.
The wing lights are positioned on the fuselage and illuminate the leading edge of the wing.
When the switch is in the on position the wing lights are on and when the switch is in the off
position the wing lights are off.
The runway turnoff lights are positioned in the wing roots and illuminate the area in front of
the main gear. When the switches are in the on position the runway turnoff lights are on and
when the switches are in the off position the runway turnoff lights are off.
Taxi Lights
The taxi lights are positioned on the non-steerable portion of the nose strut and are used to
illuminate the area ahead of the aircraft. Care must be taken not to blind ground and other
crews using the taxi lights. When the switch is in the on position the taxi lights are on and
when the switch is in the off position the taxi lights are off.
Strobe Lights
The strobe lights are high intensity lights located on the forward tip of each wing and also on
the tail cone. They should only be used when on an active runway of when airborne. When
the switch is in the on position the strobe lights are on and when in the off position the strobe
lights are off.
When in the BRT (bright) position all the annunciator lights are set to full brightness, when in
the DIM position all the annunciator lights are set to a low brightness. The test position is not
currently modelled in the simulation.
When a fire is sensed in the APU the fire switch unlocks which arms the fire extinguisher
bottles, closes the fuel and bleed valves, shuts the air inlet door and shuts down the APU.
Rotating the switch will discharge the fire extinguisher into the APU compartment.
When pushed and held in simulates fire and overheat situations in the engine, APU,
wheelwell and cargo compartment. It is used to test the various fire alerting indications.
When pushed the fire extinguisher bottles are discharged into the armed cargo compartment.
Engine Section 9
Electronic Engine Control (EEC) Mode Switches
NORM - Selects normal Electronic Engine Control mode. Sets thrust using EPR as the
controlling parameter. Prevents over boost at full throttle.
ALTN - Selects Alternate Electronic Engine Control mode. Thrust be manually set using N1
as the controlling parameter. Autothrottle disengages. Alternate mode automatically selected
during reverse thrust.
Autostart switch
When in ON position, the engine
startup will be performed
automatically when Start switch is
in START position and fuel control
switch is in RUN position.
When switched off, you should
monitor engine spool up and
engage fuel control switch at
correct moment.
Fuel Jettison
Guard shields
Fuel Jettison is activated by arming the system, lifting the guard shields and then activating
the left and right nozzles in turn. The rate of fuel dump can be regulated by the “fuel to
remain” pull knob. Pull and turn to the right to increase flow, left turn to decrease flow.
Cross feed valve switches connect left and right fuel systems.
When white bar visible, valves are open.
The fuel system includes centre tank and two main (left and
right) wing tanks. Each fuel tank has two fuel pumps feeding
fuel into the fuel system. A single pump can supply sufficient
fuel to operate one engine. The centre tank pumps have
higher output pressure than main tank pumps. Centre tank
pumps override the main tank pumps so that fuel in centre
tank is used first.
Any fuel pump can supply either engine. An engine can be fed
from opposite fuel tank by opening the cross feed valves.
Cross feed valves are normally closed to isolate left and right
fuel systems.
Centre Tank Pump Switch
The fuel system operation is automatic. However, the crew
must switch off centre tank pumps when tank empties, which
is indicated by an EICAS message. Switches on a fuel pump. Pump
operates when commanded by
Main tank pump switches system logic.
Switches on a fuel pump. Pump operates when commanded
by system logic. PRESS light illuminates when
tank is empty. Light is NOT
PRESS light illuminates when tank is empty, or tank contains visible
fuel but pump is switched off. when pump is switched off.
Pnuematics Section 11
Equip Cooling.
AUTO: Equipment ventilation and
cooling is controlled automatically.
OVRD: Ventilation fans are switched
off
Gasper switch
ON: Conditioned air is supplied
to gasper outlets located above
each passenger seat.
Pack switches
AUTO: Pack is automatically
controlled.
OFF: Loss of bleed air source,
or pack is selected off.
Pnuematics Section 11
Isolation switches
AUTO: isolation valve operates automatically.
CLOSED: Valve is automatically or manually
closed.
Ice Protection
Anti-Ice switches.
MCP Section 1
Automatic Flight
The Autopilot and Flight Director system allows automatic flight in both Command and Flight
Director modes. In Command mode, the autopilot is controlling the aircraft pitch, roll and
thrust. In Flight Director mode, the autopilot generates control commands and moves the
flight Director bars on Primary Flight Display to guide the pilot. The auto-throttle system
operates thrust levers to adjust thrust according to engaged autopilot modes.
They include:
HDG HOLD Commands the autopilot to roll wings level, and hold the heading existing
when reaching zero bank.
HDG SEL Turn to and maintain heading selected in MCP HDG/TRK window. The
bank angle during the turn is either automatic or can be manually set using the bank
angle selector.
TRK HOLD Commands the autopilot to roll wings level, and hold the track existing
when reaching zero bank.
TRK SEL Turn to and maintain track selected in MCP HDG/TRK window. The bank
angle during the turn is either automatic or can be manually set using the bank angle
selector.
LNAV Lateral navigation. Follow FMC-generated roll commands to fly the active
route.
LOC Capture and follow the localizer.
ALT HOLD Captures and holds the altitude existing when the mode was engaged.
This mode is also engaged when in V/S or FLCH mode and airplane reaches the
altitude selected in MCP Alt window.
V/S When engaged, opens the VS / FPA window with present vertical speed, and
maintains this speed. The vertical speed can be adjusted using the VS / FPA
thumbwheel.
FPA When engaged, opens the VS / FPA window with present flight path angle, and
maintains this angle. The flight path angle can be adjusted using the VS / FPA
thumbwheel.
G/S Captures and holds the glideslope.
Other Pitch modes are two-channel and control both pitch and thrust:
FLCH Starts climb or descent towards the altitude selected in MCP Alt window. If
climbing, throttles maintain Climb thrust, if descending, throttles are moved to idle.
The aircraft pitch is adjusted to maintain the speed selected in MCP IAS/Mach
window. The plane nose is lowered to accelerate and raised to decelerate.
VNAV Vertical navigation. Both pitch and thrust are controlled to follow the vertical
profile and speed settings generated by FMC for the active route.
MCP Section 1
SPD Autothrottle adjusts thrust to maintain the speed selected in IAS/MACH window.
THR Autothrottle maintains reference thrust selected in FMC and shown on EICAS
display.
The APP mode controls both pitch and roll to follow localizer and glideslope for an
ILS approach.
The autopilot modes are operated from the Mode Control Panel (MCP)
2. Flight Director switch. Displays Flight Director bars on PFD. When switched on whilst
on the ground with no autopilots engaged arms TO/GA pitch and roll modes. When
engaged in flight with no active autopilots, engages HDG HOLD and V/S modes.
4. Autopilot Disengage bar. When pushed down, disengages the autopilot. Prevents
autopilot engagement when in down position.
5. IAS/MACH select button. Toggles the window display and speed mode between
Indicated Airspeed (IAS) and Mach. Current selection is shown on the left side of the
display.
6. CLB CON button. Inhibited below 400ft AGL. When pushed, changes engine thrust
limit to CLB or CON if one engine is inoperative. This button is normal means of
reducing takeoff thrust to climb thrust if VNAV is not used.
8. IAS/MACH Window. Displays selected airspeed or Mach. Blank when in VNAV mode
and the speed is controlled by FMC. When aircraft is first powered, displays 200
KTs.
MCP Section 1
9. IAS/MACH Selector knob. When Rotated, sets speed in IAS/MACH window. When
Pushed while in VNAV mode, un-blanks the display to current FMC commanded
speed and allows to manually adjust the target speed. Second push blanks the
display and returns speed control to FMC.
10. Lateral navigation button. Engages LNAV mode when above 100 feet radio altitude.
Arms LNAV mode for engagement when on the ground or below 100 feet. LNAV
mode uses FMC-generated commands to follow the active route. When LNAV mode
is armed, it can be disarmed with second push. LNAV mode can be disengaged by
selecting other roll mode. Automatically disengages when LOC mode engaged and
localizer becomes alive.
11. Vertical navigation button. Engages VNAV mode when above 400 feet radio altitude.
Arms VNAV mode for engagement when on the ground or below 400 feet. VNAV
mode controls both pitch and thrust to follow the FMC-calculated vertical profile and
speed. Armed VNAV mode can be disarmed with second push. VNAV mode can be
disengaged by selecting other pitch mode. Automatically disengages when APP
mode armed.
12. FLCH button. Engages Flight Level Change mode, if Autothrottle is armed. If the
MCP altitude is higher than current altitude, a climb will be performed. The throttles
will maintain reference thrust selected in FMC (Takeoff or Climb thrust), while
elevator will pitch the aircraft to maintain the speed set in IAS/MACH window. If the
MCP altitude is lower, descend will be performed. The speed will be maintained by
elevator, and throttles will retard to idle. When aircraft intercepts the MCP altitude, it
will level off and autopilot modes will automatically switch to SPD and ALT HOLD.
When using VNAV, the normal procedure is to set your cruise (or ATC cleared) altitude in
MCP Altitude window before takeoff, and reset this altitude to zero or MDA (or as directed by
ATC) when approaching the Top of Descent point. Until a lower altitude is not selected, the
descent will not be started.
When VNAV mode is active, as in other vertical modes, the MCP altitude window is a
«restriction». When aircraft climbs or descends in VNAV mode and reaches the altitude
selected in Alt window, it levels off and pitch mode displayed on PFD changes to VNAV ALT.
Thus, the altitude window can be used for example when flying under ATC control. If ATC
clears you to climb to an altitude lower than cruise altitude set in FMC, all you need is to
select your clearance in MCP ALT window. Aircraft will level off when approaching this
altitude. As soon as another clearance is received, enter the new cleared altitude or cruise
altitude in ALT window and Push the Altitude selector knob to resume the climb.
MCP Section 1
13. HDG/TRK selector. Toggles the window display and mode (if engaged) between
heading and Track. Current selection is shown on the left side of the display.
14. HDG/TRK window. Displays selected heading or track. This heading (track) will be
maintained if HDG SEL or TRK SEL mode is engaged.
15. SEL button. Located on top of heading selector. When pushed, engages HDG SEL
or TRK SEL mode depending on HDG/TRK selector. This mode turns to and
maintains the heading or track selected in HDG/TRK window, using banks as
commanded by Bank Limit Selector switch.
16. Bank Angle Limit selector. Rotate to select automatic bank angle specific bank angle
limit. When turning in HDG SEL or TRK SEL mode, the aircraft will not bank over the
selected limit.
17. HDG/TRK selector. Rotate to adjust the heading or track displayed in HDG window.
18. HOLD button. When pushed and wings are level, holds the current heading or track.
When pushed and in turn, first rolls wings level, and holds the heading or track which
existed upon leveling.
19. VS/FPA select button. Toggles the window display and mode (if engaged) between
Vertical Speed and Flight Path Angle. Current selection is shown on the left side of
the display.
20. Altitude window. Displays selected altitude. When reaching this altitude in any pitch
mode, the plane will level off. FLCH mode will start climb or descent towards this
altitude when engaged.
21. VS/FPA selector. Adjusts vertical speed or flight path angle displayed in VS/FPA
window. Inoperative when window is blank.
22. Altitude window. Displays selected altitude. When reaching this altitude in any pitch
mode, the plane will level off. FLCH mode will start climb or descent towards this
altitude when engaged.
24. VS/FPA button. Engages V/S or FPA mode, which maintains vertical speed or flight
path angle selected in VS/FPA window. When pushed to engage, captures present
vertical speed or flight path angle. If autothrottle armed, also engages the SPD thrust
mode.
25. ALT HOLD button. Engages ALT HOLD mode. Aircraft levels off and captures and
maintains the altitude existing when mode was engaged. Altitude selected in MCP
ALT window is not affected. If autothrottle armed, also engages the SPD thrust
mode.
MCP Section 1
26. LOC button. Engages or arms LOC mode. LOC mode remains armed until localizer
becomes alive. While LOC mode is armed, it can be disarmed with second push.
LOC mode captures and tracks the localizer course inbound. LOC mode can be
disengaged by selecting other roll mode.
27. APP button. Engages or arms LOC and G/S modes. LOC mode remains armed until
localizer becomes alive. G/S mode remains armed until glideslope alive and aircraft is
not higher than one dot above the glideslope, or below it. Armed modes can be
disarmed with second push. G/S mode captures and follows the glideslope. Below
1500 feet radio altitude with LOC and G/S modes engaged and any autopilot active,
all three autopilots automatically engage and are locked for autoland. After this, APP
mode can be disengaged only by sliding the Disengage bar down.
Angle of Attack
Heading Indicator
Command Speed
Displays speed selected on Mode Control
Panel (MCP) or FMC commanded speed
when MCP speed window is blank
Maximum Speed
Maximum speed not to be exceeded
Mach / Groundspeed
Shows Mach number when above M0.4, or
current Groundspeed when below
Mach / Groundspeed
Shows Mach number when
above M0.4, or current
Groundspeed when below.
Command Altitude
Displays altitude selected on
MCP.
Current Altitude
Displays current barometric
altitude. When below 10,000 feet,
the first digit is replaced with a
green box.
Outlined in bold white when
approaching MCP selected
altitude and within 900 to 300 ft to
it. Outlined in yellow when
deviating from MCP
selected altitude and within 900
to 300 ft from it.
Decision Height
Displays Decision Height (RADIO or BAROmetric) selected on EFIS panel. Flashes in yellow when the
aircraft is below selected height. Select Radio or Barometric DH Display Meters Select In.Hg. Select
hPa Adjust DH Adjust Barometric Setting Toggle between selected Baro Setting and Standard fixed
28.82 In.Hg. EFIS Panel
Current Heading
Existing aircraft heading.
Selected Heading
Heading selected in MCP Heading window. When selected heading is outside visible rose
part, the heading bug parks at a side closer to the selected heading.
FLT DIR Flight Director switch engaged while none of CMD buttons are engaged;
Flight Director bars visible
Autothrottle modes
Roll Modes
HDG HOLD Rolls wings level and maintains heading existed when leveled
TRK HOLD Rolls wings level and maintains track existed when leveled
LNAV FMC commands bank to follow the active route. Armed when below 100 ft
HOLD Captures and holds localizer track. Armed until localizer becomes alive
Pitch Modes
ALT Holds altitude existing when ALT HOLD button was pressed on MCP, MCP
altitude when it was captured while in V/S or FLCH mode
VNAV PTH Maintains altitude or vertical descent path commanded by FMC to follow
route vertical profile.
FLCH SPD Maintains speed selected on MCP by pitching the aircraft up or down
VNAV SPD Maintains FMC commanded airspeed by pitching the aircraft up or down
Pitch Modes
VNAV ALT Maintains MCP selected altitude if it was captured during MCP climb or
descent
G/S Captures and holds glideslope. Armed until glideslope is alive and aircraft is
below, or less than one dot above GS.
FLARE Raises the aircraft nose to reduce vertical speed before touchdown. Armed
when descending through 1500 ft radio altitude and engaged at 50 ft above
runway.
Display
ND showing WX Radar
Current Heading
Present magnetic heading.
GS and TAS
Current Ground Speed and True
Airspeed VOR 1 CDI
VOR 1 course deviation
Wind Indicator
Indicates wind
direction and
strength
TCAS display
Advises TCAS is
on. Diamonds
represent other
aircraft with alt
difference in
hundreds of
feet. + means
above – means
below
Right NAV Aid Points to the VOR2 or ADF as selected on the EFIS panel
Next waypoint
Active waypoint name, ETA and
distance
Active route
Enroute waypoints and legs. route
deviations are shown as white
dashed line (not shown)
Trend Vector
Predicated position in 30, 60 and 90
seconds
Tuned VOR
ND in Map Mode
The PLAN mode is used to review the active FMC route. The display is North-oriented.
The top part of the display is the same as in MAP mode, and bottom part shows the active
route. When EFIS Mode switch is moved into PLAN position, the display is initially centered
around the first (active) waypoint. If the FMC LEGS page is opened, a <CTR> mark appears
after this waypoint name.
The centering can be advanced by selecting the STEP > prompt on FMC CDU, or pressing
NEXT PAGE CDU button to advance to first waypoint on next page.
TAT
Displays Total Air Temperature.
Engine indicators
Displays main engine parameters.
Message area
EICAS Warnings, Cautions,
Advisories and Memo messages.
N1
Current N1 (Fan) RPM, in percent.
EGT
Exhaust Gas Temperature. Readout
not displayed when engine off.
Reference Thrust
FMC selected reference thrust.
Digital readout changes to REV
when reverse thrust is applied.
Gear position
Shows green «DOWN» when gear down and locked.
Shows white hatched box when gear in transit.
Shows white «UP» when gear up.
Indicator is removed after 10 seconds when gear up.
EICAS Messages
Warning messages
Alerts that require immediate action. Cannot be
cancelled. Shown in red.
Caution messages
Alerts that require immediate attention. Shown in
yellow below any Warnings.
Advisory messages
Alerts that require attention when time permits.
Shown in yellow and indented by a space to
distinguish from Cautions.
Memo messages
Reminders of current aircraft state. Indicate
normal conditions. Shown in white at bottom
of message list.
RECALL indicator
Visible for 10 seconds after CANCEL / RECALL
button is pushed. (not shown)
Page number
Displayed when more than one page of
messages exists, and shows current page
number. (not shown)
This lighted switch is located on the glareshield and alerts the crew of any new EICAS
warning or Caution. When a new Warning message is displayed, the red WARN light is
illuminated and a two-tone siren is activated.
An Auxiliary Power unit is a small jet engine located in the tailcone. It drives an
electrical generator for use on the ground and supplies bleed air required for engine
start.
Two external power sources can be connected on the ground, if available. They
provide electrical power and bleed air for engine start.
The electrical system will power each main AC bus from a single source. If left and right
buses are powered by different type of source, the bus tie breakers will open to separate the
buses.
When an engine is started, the respective bus will be automatically connected to engine-
driven generator and disconnected from other sources. When an engine is stopped or a GEN
CTRL switch is selected off, the bus will transfer to other available source such as APU.
Connecting external power will also disconnect the engine generators. The standby bus is
powered by main battery and the APU, and provides standby power should all four engine
generators fail.
Two utility buses are powered from left side and right main buses and provide utility and
galley power. They will be automatically shed if electrical load exceeds power available.
The backup electrical system powers one or both transfer buses if only one main AC
generator is available or power to one or both main buses is lost. The transfer buses are
powered by two backup Permanent Magnet Generators (PMGs) mounted on the engines.
The electrical system can also be powered by deploying Ram Air Turbine inflight.
APU is started by moving the APU selector to START position. The APU spool up process
takes about half-minute.
To shut down the APU, move the APU selector to OFF position. This disconnects the APU
from electrical and pneumatic systems.
Although, the APU continues running unloaded for some time. This cool down delay protects
the APU from thermal shock. The APU will shut down automatically after the cool down is
complete.
APU generator
Indicates the APU generator. The box
is green when APU is running.
BUS TIE
Shows the state of bus tie breaker.
open breaker disconnects bus from
other bus and power suppliers.
External Power
Indicate the two external power
sources. A box is green when power is
available.
UTILITY
Green line indicates the Utility bus is
powered. White line indicates the Utility
bus is un-powered
Power flow
Green line: power flowing.
White line: un-powered.
Backup Generators
Indicates the state of Backup
generators. Green box indicates
generator is available.
Left and right primary pumps are powered by respective engines. Left and right demand
pumps are driven by electric motors. The centre system is powered by two electrically-driven
main pumps, and is backed up by two air-driven demand pumps.
In case of hydraulic failure, a Ram Air Turbine can be deployed. It will power the vital
components connected to central hydraulic system. A deployed ram air turbine cannot be
stowed in flight and will be retracted on the ground.
Primary Pump
Green box: Pump is ON and
pressure is normal.
White box: Pump not running or is
switched off.
White cross: Pump switched ON
and pressure is low
Demand Pump
Green: Pump is running and
pressure is normal.
White: Pump not running or
pressure is low.
Shutoff valve
Powered systems
Hydraulic reservoir
Hydraulic lines
Green when powered, white when Hydraulic pressure
not powered
Engines Section 3
The engine startup controls include the engine startup panel on the overhead and fuel control
switches on the central pedestal.
Engine startup requires electrical power, fuel and bleed air supply. To be able to start the
engines, you must ensure the following:
Bleed air is available, i.e. the pneumatic isolation valves are open (see Pneumatics).
Both engines can be started automatically. The aircraft is equipped with an Autostart system,
which eliminates the need to monitor N2 RPM and engage fuel flow when reaching a certain
N2 level. When the Autostart switch is in ON position, the Fuel Control Switches can be
moved in RUN position before initiating the engine startup. The startup will be performed by
rotating a start switch into START position.
The engines are shut down by moving the Fuel Control switches to CUTOFF position. The
APU should be started or external power connected prior to all engines shutdown to prevent
loosing the main electrical power.
The fuel system includes center tank and two main (left and right) wing tanks. Each fuel tank
has two fuel pumps feeding fuel into the fuel system. A single pump can supply sufficient fuel
to operate one engine.
The center tank pumps have higher output pressure than main tank pumps. Center tank
pumps override the main tank pumps so that fuel in center tank is used first.
Any fuel pump can supply either engine. An engine can be fed from opposite fuel tank by
opening the crossfeed valves. Crossfeed valves are normally closed to isolate left and right
fuel systems.
The fuel system operation is automatic. However, the crew must switch off center tank pumps
when tank empties, which is indicated by an EICAS message.
Total fuel
Crossfeed Valve
Fuel Pump
Indicates fuel pump status:
Green: Pump is running and
output pressure is normal.
White: Output pressure is low or
pump is selected off.
Centre Tank
Main Tank
On the ground, prior to engine start, the compressed air is generated by the APU or is
supplied from external source, when external power is connected. With engines running, the
bleed air is taken from different stages of engine compressors.
The air conditioning system uses two PACKs, which control the air temperature and
pressurize the cabin. The pack operation is automatic, both packs are normally ON during
ground operations. Pack output is automatically increased or decreased to suit pack or bleed
air demands.
Normally all sources of compressed air and all packs are linked together. Although, different
parts of the system may be isolated by the use of Isolation valves.
Engine startup requires supply of compressed air into the engine. To be able to start the
engines, you will need either to start the APU or connect external power, and ensure that the
corresponding part of pneumatic system is not isolated.
The AIR page shows the representation of the Pneumatic and air-conditioning system, the
status of its parts, and cabin temperature information.
Master Temp – target cabin temperature
Zone Temperatures
Display current (white) and target
(magenta) temperatures in:
- six passenger zones (A - F),
- Flight Deck (F/D),
- Bulk cargo area (BULK) and
- Aft cargo area (AFT).
Duct Pressure
Indicates engine duct pressure.
White when pressure is normal.
Yellow when pressure is low
Wing TAI
Wing thermal anti-ice state.
Pack status
Green: pack is working
White: pack is off. Isolation Valve
Shows Open or Closed state of an isolation valve.
Engine start valve
Indicates engine start valve state. Nacelle TAI
Engine nacelle thermal anti-ice state
Oil Pressure
Engine oil pressure, in PSI N2 RPM
Indicates engine N2
(turbine)
RPM, in percent.
Oil Temperature
Engine oil temperature, in
degrees celsius. Fuel Flow
Engine fuel
flow per hour
x1000
Oil Quantity
Engine oil quantity
Vibration
Engine vibration, in units from 0 to 5
Spoilerons
Spoilerons work in speedbrake
mode when speedbrake is
commanded. Inboard spoilers
are only deployed with full flaps.
When spoiler is commanded in
retracted position, spoilerons
extend partially to assist turns.
Flaperons
Inboard flaperons work as
combined ailerons and flaps.
Ailerons
Outboard ailerons control
aircraft bank.
Rudder trim
Stabilizer trim
Elevators
Elevators control aircraft pitch.
Rudder - Rudder controls aircraft
Phoenix Simulation
Boeing 777
Brake Temp
Temperature of gear brakes,
in units from 0 to 9.
0-4 is normal range, 5-9 is
caution range.
Gear doors
Indicates the Open and
Closed state of gear bay
doors.
Doors status
State of all aircraft doors.
Amber highlight indicates door is
open.
Normal Menu
Displays the normal
checklists menu.
Non-Normal Menu
(INOP) displays the non-normal
checklists menu in real aircraft.
Status
CONTINUED: checklist continues on
following pages
COMPLETE: checklist is complete
OVERRIDEN: checklist is overridden
Checklist Title
Checked Item
Closed-Loop Item – auto checks (not shown)
Open-Loop Item
Up one page
Down one page Normal
Select page Displays next normal checklist.
Current page
Item Override
Overrides active item.
Checklist Override
Overrides current checklist.
Checklist Reset
Resets current checklist.
All accomplished closed-loop items are checked automatically. To check an active open-loop
item, click it with the mouse. If it is decided to skip an unchecked item, it can be overridden by
pushing the ITEM OVRD button. You can also override the entire checklist pushing the CHKL
OVRD button.
To start the checklist over, push the CHKL RESET button to reset all items. When all checklist
items are checked, the status line will read .XXXX CHECKLIST COMPLETE. Pushing the
NORMAL button will advance to next checklist. You can display any checklist by pushing the
NORMAL MENU button and selecting required checklist from the displayed menu.
To reset all checklists, push the RESETS button and select RESET NORMAL or RESET ALL.
The FMC displays its information and is programmed and controlled from the Control Display
Unit (CDU). The CDU contains a CRT screen and keyboard to enter data and perform
actions.
The CDU has many pages. Desired page is displayed by pressing the corresponding Mode
Select key. When several pages of same type exist, like many LEGS pages for a long route,
you can navigate through such pages using the PREV PAGE and NEXT PAGE keys. The
Page Number indicates current page and total number of such pages.
After entering the data, press the Line Select Key (LSK) next to the desired onscreen entry
field. This will transfer the data from Scratchpad into the selected field.
Some fields (for example, waypoints on LEGS page) allow to be «Downselected». When you
LSK such field (press the Line Select Key next to a field), its contents are copied into the
Scratchpad. This allows you to insert this data into another field.
The CLR key erases the last entered character on the Scratchpad. The .+/-. key types a
minus sign, additional presses on this key alternate the sign between Minus and Plus.
The data in some fields can be deleted. To do so, press the DEL key - .DELETE. appears on
scratchpad - and LSK the desired field.
When some major changes are done, such as modifying an active route or selecting different
runway, the CDU requires you to confirm the changes. A yellow light is illuminated on the
EXEC key. To confirm the action you must press the EXEC key.
Scratchpad
Entered information, or downselected
data, appears here.
"SINKRATE" Warning of high barometric descent rate into terrain, or high sink rate near
the runway threshold. The lower your altitude is, the lower descent rate will
trigger this alarm.
"PULL UP" Excessive sink rate near ground, requires immediate action.
"DON'T SINK" Alerts to an inadvertent descent into terrain after takeoff. The alert is given
after significant altitude loss, which allows for small sinking due to flap
retraction etc.
"TOO LOW, TERRAIN" Insufficient terrain clearance while not in landing configuration. The
warning envelope depends on airspeed and radio height.
"TOO LOW, GEAR" Too close to ground, at small airspeed and gear are not down. Can
be inhibited.
"TOO LOW, FLAPS" Too close to ground, at small airspeed, gear down and flaps are not in
landing position. Can be inhibited.
"GLIDESLOPE" Descending below glideslope. Active when ILS is available and gear
down. The warning envelope contains two boundaries: "soft" warning
and "hard" warning. Both boundaries are a function of glideslope
deviation and radio altitude. When aircraft penetrates the "soft"
alerting region, the pilot is given a "calm" warning; if the airplane
subsequently enters the "hard" region, the warning becomes loud.
The lower your altitude and the closer you are to glideslope
transmitter, the higher is the amount of glideslope deviation required
to trigger the warning.
The GPWS provides aural altitude callouts during the approach at 1000, 400, 200, 100, 50,
30, 20 and 10 feet above runway. It also generates the "MINIMUMS" callout when passing
below Decision Height, and "APPROACHING MINIMUMS" 100 feet above the DH.
COM1
This mode displays Active and Standby COM1 frequency. Tuning knob changes Standby
frequency, which can be swapped into Active window by pressing Swap Button. LEFT mouse
button tunes Fractional part of the frequency, RIGHT button tunes Whole part.
XPDR
Changes Transponder (ATC) code. Current code is displayed in the Active window. When
you turn Small knob (click LEFT mouse button), first digit will increase or decrease, and will
start blinking with 'cursor'. When you tune required first digit, turn Large knob (click RIGHT
mouse button) to move the cursor to next digit and continue using Small knob to tune the
digit. All changes are entered immediately into Transponder. The blinking cursor disappears
after 12 seconds of not using the knob.
Autobrakes
OFF The system is disarmed and power is removed from the system.
Miscellaneous Section 9
Clock
The Clock is located on a separate pop-up window and displays current GMT time, has a
chronograph (stopwatch), Elapsed Time meter, and Sim rate controls.
The clock shows GMT in upper window. The time can be adjusted by clicking around the
digits. The Elapsed Time meter is used to measure the flight time. The meter uses the
ET/CHR display to show elapsed hours and minutes. The ET switch has RUN, HOLD and
RESET positions. When moved into RUN position, it starts or continues counting time. HOLD
position holds the counter. The RESET position is spring-loaded to HOLD position and resets
the meter to zero. The Chronograph is primarily used for timing different flight procedures.
When started by pressing on CHR button, the seconds hand starts to move, and hours and
minutes are displayed on the ET/CHR display. The ET meter is not reset and continues to run
in background, if was started. Second push on CHR button stops the Chronograph, third
push resets it and removes CHR indication from the display.
Miscellaneous Section 9
Options included in this panel will allow you to set up your aircraft to your personal
preferences, and tune it to give you the best possible performance for your operating system.
Cold and Dark cockpit - Cuts all power, stops all engines, switches are moved to OFF
position.
Engines Off
Miscellaneous Section 9
Performance options
Sound
Keyboard commands
ADIRU initialization