Funds Flow Statement: Meaning & How to Prepare Page 1 of 8

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Funds Flow Statement: Meaning & How to Prepare

   
Funds Flow Statement is a statement prepared to analyse the reasons for changes in the
Financial Position of a Company between 2 Balance Sheets. It shows the inflow and outflow of
funds i.e. Sources and Applications of funds for a particular period. In other words, a Funds Flow
Statement is prepared to explain the changes in the Working Capital Position of a Company.
There are 2 types of Inflows of Funds:-

1. Long Term Funds raised by Issue of Shares, Debentures or Sale of Fixed Assets
2. Funds generated from Operations

If the Long Term Fund requirements of a company are met just out of the Long Term Sources of
Funds, then the whole fund generated from operations will be represented by increase in Working
Capital. However, if the Funds generated from Operations are not sufficient to bridge a gap of
Long Term Fund Requirements, then there will be a decline in Working Capital.

Difference between Funds Flow Statement & Cash

Flow Statement
Both Funds flow statement and Cash Flow Statement are used in analysis of part transactions of
a business firm. However, there are some differences between the two as given below:-

1. Funds Flow Statement is based on the Accrual System of Accounting. However, in case of
Cash Flow Statement – only the transactions effecting Cash or Cash equivalents are taken
into consideration
2. Funds Flow Statement analyses the Sources and Application of Funds of Long Term nature
and the Net Increase or Decrease in Long Term Funds will be reflected on the Working Capital
of the firm. The Cash Flow Statement only considers the Increase or Decrease in Current
Assets or Current Liabilities in calculating the Cash Flow of Funds from Operations
3. Funds Flow Statement is more useful for Long Term Financial Planning. Cash Flow Analysis is
more useful for identifying and correcting the liquidity problems of the firm.

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≡ 4. Funds Flow Statement tallies the funds generated from various sources with various uses to

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which they are put. Cash Flow Statement starts with the Opening Balance of Cash and
reaches to the Closing Balance of Cash.

Benefits of Funds Flow Statement

Funds Flow Statement is useful for Long Term Analysis. It is a very useful tool in the hands of the
management for judging the financial and operating performance of the Company. The Balance
Sheet and the Profit and Loss A/c (Income Statement) fail to provide the information which is
provided by the Funds Flow Statement i.e. Changes in Financial Position of an enterprise. Such
an analysis is of great help to the management, shareholders, creditors etc

1. The Funds Flow Statement helps in answering the following questions:-

◾ Where have the profits gone?

◾ Why is there an imbalance existing between liquidity position and profitability position of an
enterprise?
◾ Why is the concern financially solid in spite of losses?

2. The Funds Flow Statement analysis helps the management to test whether the working capital
has been effectively used or not and the working capital level is adequate or inadequate for the
requirements of the business. The Working Capital Position helps the management in taking
policy decisions regarding payment of dividend etc.

3. The Funds Flow Statement Analysis helps the investors to decide whether the company has
managed the funds properly. It also indicates the Credit Worthiness of a company which helps the

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≡ lenders to decide whether to lend money to the company or not. It helps the management to take

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policy decisions and to decide about the financing policies and Capital Expenditure for the future.

PREPARATION OF FUNDS FLOW STATEMENT

STEP I: PREPARE STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN WORKING

CAPITAL
For preparing the Funds Flow Statement, the first step is to prepare the Statement of Changes
in Working Capital. There may be several reasons for changes in the Working Capital Position of
a Company, some of which have been discussed below:-

1. Purchase of Fixed Assets or Long Term Investments without raising Long Term Funds
2. Payments of Dividends in excess of the Profits earned
3. Extension of Credit to the Customers
4. Repayment of a Long Term Liability or Redemption of Preference Shares without raising Long
Term Resources

Eg: From the Balance Sheet of X Ltd for the year ending 2010 and 2011, prepare Statement of
Changes in Working Capital

Riyadh to Jeddah

210 SAR EXPLORE

Particulars 2010 2011 Change in Working Capital

Current Assets
Inventory 1524 1491 -33
Sundry Debtors 126 183 +57
Cash and Bank 134 166 +32
Other Current Assets 8 9 +1
Loans and Advances 1176 1474 +298
2968 3323 +355
(Less) Current Liabilities
Liabilities 1776 1483 -293
Provision for Tax 622 745 +123
Proposed Dividend 65 207 +142

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≡ CHARTERED 2463 2435 -28

WorkingCLUB
Capital 505 888 383

STEP II: PREPARE FUNDS FROM OPERATIONS

The next Step is to prepare the Funds generated only from the Operating Activities of the
Business and not from the Investing/Financing Activities of the business. The Funds from
Operations shall be prepared as follows:-

Particulars Amount
Net Income xxx
ADD
1. Depreciation on Fixed Assets xxx
2. Amortization of Intangible Assets xxx
3. Amortisation of Loss on Sale of Investments xxx
4. Amortisation of Loss on sale of Fixed Assets xxx
5. Losses from Other Non-Operating Incomes xxx
6. Tax Provision (Created out of Current Profits) xxx
7. Proposed Dividend xxx
8. Transfer to Reserve xxx
(LESS)
1. Deferred credit xxx
2. Profit on Sale of Investments xxx
3. Profit on Sale of Fixed Assets xxx
4. Any written back Reserve & Provision xxx

STEP III: PREPARATION OF FUNDS FLOW STATEMENT

While preparing the Funds Flow Statement, the Sources and Uses of Funds are to be disclosed
clearly so as to highlight the Sources from where the Funds have been generated the Uses to
which these Funds have been applied. This Statement is also sometimes referred to as the
Sources and Applications of Funds Statement or Statement of Changes in Financial Position.

Sources of Funds
Items to be shown under the head Sources of Funds are as follows:-

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≡ 1. Issue of Shares and Debentures for Cash: – The total amount received from the Issue of

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Shares or Debentures is to shown under this head. But, the Issue of bonus Shares or
Conversion of Debentures into Equity Shares or Shares issued to vendors shall not be shown
here as there is no inflow of Cash
2. Long Term Loans: The Amount received on raising Long Term Loans is shown under this
head. Short Term Loans are not to be shown here as their treatment has already been done
while preparing the Statement of Changes in Working Capital.
3. Sale of Investments and other Fixed Assets: The Total Amount received on the sale of
Investments and other Fixed Assets is to be shown under this head.
4. Funds from Operations: The Funds generated from Operations as computed in Step II are
also required to be shown here.
5. Decrease in Working Capital: This would be the Balancing Figure of the Statement and will
come from change in Working Capital Statement

Application of Funds
Items to be shown under Application of Funds are as follows:-

1. Purchase of Fixed Assets and Investments: The Cash Payment made for purchase of Fixed
Assets and Investments is an application of Funds. But if the purchase if made by issue of
shares or debentures, such a transaction will not constitute application of funds. Similarly, if
the purchases are on credit, these will not constitute fund applications.
2. Redemption of Debentures, Preference Shares and Repayment of Loan:- Payment made
including Premium (less: Discount) is to be taken as fund application
3. Payment of Dividend & Tax: Payment of Dividend and Tax are to be taken as applications of
fund if the provisions are excluded from Current Liabilities and Current Provisions are added
back to profit to determine the “Funds from Operations”
4. Increase in Working Capital: This would be the Balancing Figure of the Statement and will
come from change in Working Capital Statement

As explained above, the Funds Flow Statement summarises for a particular period the resources
made available to finance the activities of an enterprise and the uses to which such resources
have been put.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

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Karan Batra 
Karan is CA by Qualification with the rare distinction of being awarded All India
Rank 22. He is also the founder of this website and loves to help people with their
Tax Queries.

T RENDING

Clear all your Tax Queries from India’s Top CA’s

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