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Maintenance
Manual
MODEL: LPB28-TR.01
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INSTALLATION AND
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
for
BASE STATION TRANSMITTER
MODEL: LPB28-TR.01
1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 3
1.1 SCOPE ......................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 SAFETY INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 3
1.3 SPECIAL NOTATION...................................................................................................... 3
2 EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 4
2.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 EQUIPMENT INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS................................................................ 4
2.3 STANDARDS COMPLIANCE ....................................................................................... 7
2.4 INTERFACES ............................................................................................................... 7
2.5 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 8
2.6 ANTENNAS .................................................................................................................. 9
3 INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................... 11
3.1 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION ............................................................................... 11
3.2 BASE STATION OVERVIEW ..................................................................................... 11
3.2.1 Base Station Equipment ........................................................................................ 11
3.2.2 Masts ..................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 SITE PREPARATION ................................................................................................. 13
3.4 GROUND AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION ............................................................... 13
3.4.1 Lightning Rod ........................................................................................................ 13
3.4.2 Grounding Points ................................................................................................... 15
3.5 PHYSICAL INSTALLATION........................................................................................ 15
3.5.1 Safety Warnings .................................................................................................... 15
3.5.2 Preparation for Installation ..................................................................................... 17
3.5.3. Installation Procedures............................................................................................. 17
3.5.3.1 Installing the Mounting Brackets ......................................................................... 17
3.5.3.2 Assemble the Sector Antenna and the Transmitter ............................................. 17
3.5.3.3 Attach the Antenna to the Brackets and Align ..................................................... 17
4 OPERATION .......................................................................................................... 19
4.1 MONITOR PROGRAMS ............................................................................................. 19
4.2 MAINTENANCE MONITOR ........................................................................................ 19
4.2.1. Main window ....................................................................................................... 19
4.2.2. Menus description…………………………………………………………………….. 21
4.2.2.1 Actions menu ...................................................................................................... 21
4.2.2.2 Edit menu ........................................................................................................... 21
4.2.2.3 About menu ........................................................................................................ 24
5 MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................ 25
5.1 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE......................................................................................... 25
i
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure Page
Figure 1 Transmitter Interfaces .................................................................................... 7
Figure 2 Connectors on the Transmitter Bottom Panel ............................................. 8
Figure 3 Antenna Dimensions ...................................................................................... 9
Figure 4 Antenna Mounting ........................................................................................ 10
Figure 5 Typical Installation of a Base Station ......................................................... 11
Figure 6 Wall Mount Mast with a Transmitter and Antenna ..................................... 12
Figure 7 Lightning Protect on System: Protect on Cone ......................................... 14
Figure 8 Insulated Lighting Rod Pipe Mount ............................................................ 14
Figure 9 Correcting the Antenna Inclination ............................................................. 18
Figure 10 Maintenance Monitor Window ................................................................... 20
Figure 11 Maintenance Monitor Screen: Edit Alarm Threshold Windown ............. 23
Figure 12 Maintenance Monitor: IP Configuration.................................................... 23
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE Page
Table 1 Transmitter Interface Specifications .............................................................. 4
Table 2 Transmitter Interface Characteristics ............................................................ 8
Table 3 Maintenance Monitor: Parameters in the Main Window ............................. 21
Table 4 Maintenance Monitor: Commands of the Actions Menu ............................ 21
Table 5 Maintenance Monitor: commands of the Edit Menu ................................... 22
Table 6 Maintenance Monitor: Commands of the Help Menu .................................. 24
ii
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE
This manual is designed for network engineers and field service personnel responsible for
installing, maintaining, and troubleshooting the Base Station Transmitter unit. It provides a
general overview, specifications and standards compliance, physical and functional
descriptions, site requirements, installation planning and procedures, setting-to- work,
operation procedures, troubleshooting instructions, field maintenance operations and tests.
For your safety and protection, read this entire manual before attempting to install and use
the LPB28-TR.01 Transmitter. In particular, pay special attention to the safety notations in
this manual and also to the safety alert labels stick in the equipment.
The installation and maintenance procedures described in this manual must be performed
by qualified personnel aware of the hazards involved.
Never install, remove or adjust equipment and associated cables, and do not work on
roofs, masts or towers during a lightning storm.
This manual may use the following special notations to alert you to important information
concerning user safety, equipment handling or user tips for easier operation. These
notations are shown in descending order of importance:
H
z
2.3 STANDARDS COMPLIANCE
1 Radioelectric Tests
ETSI EN 301 753, V1.1.1 (2001·03): "Fixed Radio Systems; Point-to-Multipoint equipment
and antennas; Generic harmonized standard for Point-to-Multipoint digital fixed radio
systems and antennas covering the essential requirements under Article 3.2 of the
Directive 1999/5/EC"
2 Electromagnetic Compatibility
ETSI EN 300 385 (1999) + A1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and radio spectrum matters;
Electromagnetic compatibility standard for fixed radio links and ancillary equipment"
UNE EN 61000·3·2 (2000): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 3-2: Limits - Limits
for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current up to and including 16 A per
phase)"
UNE EN 61000 3·3 (1995) + A1 (2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -- Part 3-3:
Limits
- Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply
systems, for equipment with rated current ≤ 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional
connection"
3 Electric Safety
UNE EN 60215 + A2 (1995): "Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment"
2.4 INTERFACES
The following diagram depicts the Transmitter interfaces, in the case of a non- redundant
configuration:
Operating Input/Output
Connector Cable Type FROM/TO
Frequencies Signal
WR 28 N/A Antenna 28-29.3 GHz D/S & U/S RF
TNC or F type male 50/75 0 Coax BIU 694.5-869.5 MHz D/S IF
TNC or F type male 50/75 0 Coax BIU 602.5-777.5 MHz U/S IF
TNC-type male 50 0 Coax GPS Receiver 10 MHz XO Reference
Outdoor RJ45 UTP, Cat. 5 Remote Monitor 10 Mbps Management
Circular, 4 contacts,
AC/DC N/A DC Power
polarized
The Base Station Transmitter is built in a weatherproof metal case with 54 cm width, 70
cm height and 31 cm deep. This case houses the IF circuitry, the main local oscillator, the
power supplies and the mm-wave front-end. The service access is made through the front
panel door. The transmitter weight is around 9 Kg (without the antenna).
On the rear side is located a WR 28 waveguide flange for connecting to the antenna. All
the other connectors are placed on the bottom panel as shown in Figure 2.
Management Xo monitor
D/S IF Monitoring
DC Input
Not Used
2.6 ANTENNAS
Both models have similar shape, weight and dimensions, and can be installed with vertical
or horizontal polarization (add V, for vertical, or H, for horizontal, at the end of the model
name). Figure 3 shows the antenna dimensions.
266 mm
89 mm 686 mm
648 mm
TOP VIEW
349 mm
V V
SIDE VIEW
The antenna is shipped with a mounting kit for vertical pipe mount on pipes with a
maximum outer diameter of 11.4 cm. The kit comprises a metal support, two kits of
brackets, and the required screws, nuts and, as shown in Figure 4.
Antenna Mounting Kit Single antenna mounting
Figure 4 Antenna Mounting
3 INSTALLATION
This chapter provides instructions for installing the LPB28-TR.01. It assumes that the site
is already prepared with an appropriate pole, mast or tower with a lightning protection
system and a grounding point that meet the requirements of paragraph 3.2. It includes
instructions for:
Physical installation
Cables
Initial testing
Upon receipt of shipment and before unpacking, make a preliminary inspection of the
shipping containers for obvious in-transit physical damage, preferably in the presence of a
freight carrier representative.
3.2.2 Masts
The transmitter and antenna are mounted on a metal mast (pipe), using a special mounting
kit provided. The kit requires a mast with vertical orientation and a maximum outside
diameter of 11.4 cm (4½ "). The typical mast height ranges from 2 to 5 meters and is
normally made of welded or seamless wrought–iron.
All the necessary site preparation work shall be completed and approved before the
installation team starts installing the equipment. In particular:
An appropriate mast or tower has to be in place and ready to support the transmitter
and antenna
A lightning protection system has to have been installed;
A grounding point meeting the requirements of paragraph 3.4.2 has to be already
prepared (this grounding point will serve as the common grounding point for all the
site outdoor units).
A Site Data Record should be initiated and kept, including the site general information
(location, access information, number of sectors etc.), RF information (frequency plan,
antenna azimuth and angle) and site drawings and photographs, including rooftop
drawings.
The possibility of transmitters, antennas and supporting mast being subject to lightning
strokes and the possibility of disturbances caused by surges must be taken into
consideration during equipment installation. Suitable grounding and lightning protection
must be provided in accordance with the applicable international and national standards
and regulations. The requirements of this section, purposed for TN-S power distribution
systems only, are intended to complement, not supersede the provisions of those
regulatory codes.
Although both copper and aluminum are approved for the installation of Lightning
Protection Systems, it is recommended to use copper because it is physically stronger and
it is a better conductor of electricity.
♠ Important: To prevent corrosion, aluminum or galvanized steel and copper materials
should not be used together unless approved bimetallic connectors are used.
The lightning discharge conductor must be insulated from the mast pipe and mast mount
and shall be routed in the most direct path possible, free of excessive splices and sharp
bends, to the roof ground system if it exists or, down the exterior wall of the building, to an
existing or specific built earth counterpoise. A counterpoise is a buried conductor or system
of buried conductors used to enhance soil conductivity. No bend shall form an included
angle of less than 90º nor have a radius of bend of less than 20 cm. The conductor can be
hidden for aesthetic purposes within a non- conducting conduit or enclosure pipe. The
lightning discharge conductor must be able to handle short pulses up to 100 kA or more.
Copper straps, or thick cables made of copper strands are used as lightning discharge
conductors. Rectangular cross section strands are preferred to circular ones.
- �· · ·�
A 6 mm thick copper ground bar installed inside the shelter serves as single ground point,
the common indoor ground point (CIGP), where all indoor equipment shall be bonded. The
COGP and the CIGP must be connected together and to the building common ground
point by 50 mm tinned copper straps. These connections shall be exothermically welded,
if possible.
When the building common ground point is not considered to be suitable, it is necessary
to build a specific earth counterpoise where the COGP and the CIGP will connect. This
built earth counterpoise must be interconnected with the building common ground
counterpoise.
Whatever be the climatic conditions, the ground resistance shall always measure 5 Ohms
or less.
► Note: Whenever possible the COGP shall be provided by the contractor responsible for
the shelter and mast installation.
1. Determine how high up the mast to install the mount to achieve the desired
antenna height:
A. Obtain the desired antenna height from the Site Data Record. Take
measurements as necessary to determine how high up the mast to install the
antenna to achieve the specified ground-to-antenna height. The antenna must
be high enough to clear any obstructions in the direction of its assigned sector.
2. Attach the mounting brackets and the support body of the antenna to the mast.
Mount
Antenna
The objective is to point the antenna along the centerline of the designated
sector. To do this you use a predetermined landmark that the RF Planning
Team specified in the Site Data Record.
- Lightly loose the four nuts on the brackets, which secure the antenna,
mount to the mast pipe.
- Move the antenna to the right or left, as necessary, until you obtain a
visual line of sight from the antenna center to the predetermined
landmark.
- When the antenna is properly pointed, tighten the four nuts on the
brackets that secure the antenna to the mast.
- Lightly loose the two bolts that secure the antenna to its mount.
The transmitter configuration and operation is done by using the management and control
applications. These are windows based applications that connect to the transmitter via the
Ethernet port and use IP protocol to communicate. There are 2 versions of the application:
Maintenance version
This version is targeted to technicians in charge of updating the configuration of the
wireless network or setting up a new base station. It provides access to all the required
parameters needed for these tasks, like changing the input and output power of the unit,
control over the transmitter on/off functionality, etc.
User version
This is a stripped down version for remote console technicians. It is meant to be used in
conjunction with the SNMP manager, to monitor the status of a given LBP when some
information is received in the Network Operations Center (NOC). It gives very limited
configuration capabilities, but offers full information of the status of the unit.
Maintenance Monitor can be used by qualified technicians during the setting up process
of the transmitter, and also to perform maintenance tasks.
Typically, this program runs in a laptop computer directly connected to the transmitter’s
management port, but it also can be run remotely.
With a double-click on the Maintenance Monitor icon, the window shown in Figure 10
opens up. The main window shows all the information about the status and configuration
of the transmitter. The menus on top of the main windows provide access to different
actions described below.
In addition to the unit’s serial number and a short description of it, the data area
mainly shows the values of the most relevant parameters to be monitored in order to
guarantee the correct operation of the transmitter. These parameters are grouped
according to their functionality. The groups are:
- IF Board
- BST Settings
- Front-end Monitor
- Oscillators
Refer to Table 3 for a description of each parameter shown in the main window. All
parameters are “read only” (monitoring) except for "Power OUT", "Power IN" and "RX
Gain." These three perform the transmitter configuration in terms of signal.
Each "box" shows the value of the actual reading for a certain parameter, together with
its respective units. Furthermore, the background color of the box indicates how the
value is compared to the defined threshold values. Grey color means that the
displayed value is within the normal range; Red color means that the corresponding
parameter exceeds the functionality threshold value and therefore that there is a major
alarm, and Yellow color means that value beyond the nominal range, but the unit is
still operational. Any of the last two cases will imply that the transmitter needs
maintenance.
Unit Description Allows introducing a short description identifying the unit (location,
sector, primary or secondary in a redundant architecture…). It has
a maximum length of 64 characters.
SNMP Communities Allows editing the SNMP communities to match the network
configuration
The Transmitter requires no routine maintenance. However periodic visits (periodicity not inferior to
one month) to the site shall be carried on to verify the status of the cables, the grounding system, the
transmitter mount, etc. A status report shall be filled per visit.
If any of the above-mentioned units is defective then shall be replaced. To replace a cable, a
connector or any unit of the grounding system, please refer to Chapter 3.