xc

g Proj: Admin
Ref :
Tel:d Date: 28/08/17
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Column section

Calculations for timber columns are in accordance with BS EN 1995-1-1:2004+A1:2008

[NOTE: It is assumed that lateral displacement of its compression edge is prevented throughout its length and torsional
rotation is prevented at its supports.]
Timber size - 47 mm wide x
250 mm deep
Effective height along yy-axis Ly = 6m
Effective height along zz-axis Lz = 1.5 m
Effective length factor y LeyF = 1
Effective length factor z LezF = 1
Strength class from Table 1 - C16
Service class - 2 (Covered and heated or unheated)
Variable load duration - Long term
Load sharing - Yes

Design effects
Permanent axial load FGk1 = 5 kN
Variable axial load FQk1 = 4.5 kN
Moment due to variable load about yy-axis MEdQk2y = 3.5 kNm
Moment due to variable load about zz-axis MEdQk2z = 3.2 kNm

Since FGk1 >=0, Permanent compression load FcGk1 = FGk1

= 5 kN
Since FQk1 >=0, Variable compression load FcQk1 = FQk1
= 4.5 kN
Grade stresses - from Table 1 of EN 338:2009
Bending stress fm,k = 16 N/mm2
Tension stress parallel to grain ft,0,k = 10 N/mm2
Tension stress perpendicular to grain ft,90,k = 0.4 N/mm2
Compression stress parallel to grain fc,0,k = 17 N/mm2
Compression stress perpendicular to grain fc,90,k = 2.2 N/mm2
Shear stress fv,k = 3.2 N/mm2
Mean modulus of elasticity parallel Eomean = 8 kN/mm2
5% modulus of elasticity parallel Eo05 = 5.4 kN/mm2
Mean shear modulus Gmean = 0.5 kN/mm2
Density k = 310 kg/m3

Section properties
Area A = b*h
= 47*250
= 11750 mm2
Section modulus about yy-axis Wy = b*h2/6
= 47*(250)2/6
= 489583.333 mm3
Section modulus about zz-axis Wz = h*b2/6
 = 250*(47)2/6
= 92041.667 mm3
Second moment of area about yy-axis Iy = b*h3/12
= 47*(250)3/12
= 61197916.667 mm4
Second moment of area about zz-axis Iz = h*b3/12
= 250*(47)3/12
= 2162979.167 mm4
Radius of gyration about yy-axis iy = sqr(Iy/A)
= sqr((6.12*107)/11750)
= 72.169 mm
Radius of gyration about zz-axis iz = sqr(Iz/A)
= sqr(2162979/11750)
= 13.568 mm

Modification factors
Depth factor of timber kh =1
Load duration factor (Table 3.1) kmod = 0.7
Permanent load duration factor (Table 3.1) kmodp = 0.6
System length factor (cl 6.6 of EN 1995) ksys = 1.1
Reduced bending stress factor (cl 6.3.3) kcrit =1

Bending check about yy-axis

Bending Stresses

Bending stress due to variable load about yy

mydQdy = (MEdQk2y*106)/Wy
= (3.5*106)/489583.3
= 7.149 N/mm2

Design bending strength variable load

fmdQd = fm,k*kh*kmod*ksys*kcrit/m
= 16*1*0.7*1.1*1/1.3
= 9.477 N/mm2

Utilisation for bending about yy-axis

uby = mydQdy/fmdQd
= 7.149/9.477
= 0.754

Status - PASS.

Bending check about zz-axis

Bending Stresses

Bending stress due to variable load about zz

mydQdz = (MEdQk2z*106)/Wz
= (3.2*106)/92041.66
= 34.767 N/mm2

Design bending strength variable load

fmdQd = fm,k*kh*kmod*ksys*kcrit/m
= 16*1*0.7*1.1*1/1.3
= 9.477 N/mm2

Utilisation for bending about ZZ-axis

ubz = mydQdz/fmdQd
= 34.767/9.477
= 3.669

Status - FAIL.
Compression (for Gk load)
[Clause 6.1.4, 6.3.2 of EN 1995-1-1]

Compression stress due to permanent load

c0Gd = g*FcGk1*103/A
= 1.35*5*103/11750
= 0.574 N/mm2

Design compressive strength due to permanent load

fc0Gd = kmod*ksys*fc,0,k/m
= 0.7*1.1*17/1.3
= 10.069 N/mm2

Effective length about yy-axis

Lefy = LeyF*Lyh*1000
= 1*6*1000
= 6000 mm

Effective length about zz-axis

Lefz = LezF*Lzh*1000
= 1*1.5*1000
= 1500 mm

Slenderness ratios about yy-axis and zz-axis

y = Lefy/iy
= 6000/72.169
= 83.138
z = Lefz/iz
= 1500/13.568
= 110.556

Relative slenderness ratios about yy-axis and zz-axis

_rely = (y/PI)*sqr(fc,0,k/(Eo05*103))
= (83.138/3.142)*sqr(17/(5.4*103))
= 1.485
_relz = (z/PI)*sqr(fc,0,k/(Eo05*103))
= (110.556/3.142)*sqr(17/(5.4*103))
= 1.975

Since any of/both _rely and _relz > 0.3,

ky = 0.5*(1+(c*(_rely-0.3))+_rely2)
= 0.5*(1+(0.2*(1.485-0.3))+(1.485)2)
= 1.721
kz = 0.5*(1+(c*(_relz-0.3))+_relz2)
= 0.5*(1+(0.2*(1.975-0.3))+(1.975)2)
= 2.617
kcy = 1/(ky+(sqr(ky2-_rely2)))
= 1/(1.721+(sqr((1.721)2-(1.485)2)))
= 0.386
kcz = 1/(kz+(sqr(kz2-_relz2)))
= 1/(2.617+(sqr((2.617)2-(1.975)2)))
= 0.231
utc1g = (c0Gd/(kcy*fc0Gd))
= (0.574/(0.386*10.069))
= 0.148

Status - PASS.
 utc2g = (c0Gd/(kcz*fc0Gd))
= (0.574/(0.231*10.069))
= 0.247

Status - PASS.

Compression (for Qk load)

[Clause 6.1.4, 6.3.2 of EN 1995-1-1]

Compression stress due to variable load

c0Qd = q*FcQk1*103/A
= 1.5*4.5*103/11750
= 0.574 N/mm2

Design compressive strength due to variable load

fc0Qd = kmod*ksys*fc,0,k/m
= 0.7*1.1*17/1.3
= 10.069 N/mm2

Since any of/both _rely and _relz > 0.3,

utc1q = (c0Qd/(kcy*fc0Qd))
= (0.574/(0.386*10.069))
= 0.148
Status - PASS.

utc2q = (c0Qd/(kcz*fc0Qd))
= (0.574/(0.231*10.069))
= 0.247

Status - PASS.

Compression (for combined Gk and Qk load)

[Clause 6.1.4, 6.3.2 of EN 1995-1-1]

Since any of/both _rely and _relz > 0.3,

utc1gq = (c0Gd/(kcy*fc0Gd))+(c0Qd/(kcy*fc0Qd))
= (0.574/(0.386*10.069))+(0.574/(0.386*10.069))
= 0.296

Status - PASS.

utc2gq = (c0Gd/(kcz*fc0Gd))+(c0Qd/(kcz*fc0Qd))
= (0.574/(0.231*10.069))+(0.574/(0.231*10.069))
= 0.495

Status - PASS.

Combined bending and compression force

Equation 6.19 and 6.20 should be satisfied by the combined effects of the action at different durations of loading.

Combination1
ucbf1 = ((c0Gd/(kcy*fc0Gd))+(c0Qd/(kcy*fc0Qd)))+(02*mydQdy/fmdQd)+(km*02*mydQdz/fmdQd)
= ((0.574/(0.386*10.069))+(0.574/(0.386*10.069)))+(0.5*7.149/9.477)+(0.7*0.5*34.767/9.477)
= 1.957

Status - FAIL.

ucbf2 = ((c0Gd/(kcz*fc0Gd))+(c0Qd/(kcz*fc0Qd)))+(km*02*mydQdy/fmdQd)+(02*mydQdz/fmdQd)
= ((0.574/(0.231*10.069))+(0.574/(0.231*10.069)))+(0.7*0.5*7.149/9.477)+(0.5*34.767/9.477)
= 2.593
Status - FAIL.

Combination2
ucbf3 = ((c0Gd/(kcy*fc0Gd))+(01*c0Qd/(kcy*fc0Qd)))+(mydQdy/fmdQd)+(km*mydQdz/fmdQd)
= ((0.574/(0.386*10.069))+(0.5*0.574/(0.386*10.069)))+(7.149/9.477)+(0.7*34.767/9.477)
= 3.544

Status - FAIL.

ucbf4 = ((c0Gd/(kcz*fc0Gd))+(01*c0Qd/(kcz*fc0Qd)))+(km*mydQdy/fmdQd)+(mydQdz/fmdQd)
= ((0.574/(0.231*10.069))+(0.5*0.574/(0.231*10.069)))+(0.7*7.149/9.477)+(34.767/9.477)
= 4.568

Status - FAIL.

The section 47 x 250 mm FAILS the following check(s)

- bending about zz axis
- Combined compression and bending check1
- Combined compression and bending check2
- Combined compression and bending check3
- Combined compression and bending check4