RECTILINEAR MOTION

Shally Rahmawaty, Nidya Nurul Humairah, Frilly Verina Tipa, Andi Agustina,
Agung Din Eka Hidayat

Physics Department FMIPA UNM 2013

Abstract

Have performed experiments aimed uniform rectilinear motion to determine the

distance, displacement, speed, and velocity of an object. In the first activity, we make
observations rectilinear motion with a rectangular path where we as an object that runs at
different speeds. The data we measured on these activities is the distance, displacement, and
the travel time on each track. In the second activity, we observe the motion of the bubble in
rectilinear motion tube at 4 points, namely A, B, C, and D. In this activity we take
measurement data distance and time bubbles at each point. Once we get the data in each
activity, we next determine the speed and the average speed of the first activity and bubble
velocity in both activities.

Keyword: Rectilinear motion, Distance, Displacement, Velocity, Speed.

A. OBJECTIVES
1. Students can understand the difference between distance and displacement
2. Students can determine the velocity and average speed
3. Students can learn relation between displacement and time that move in a rectilinear
motion
4. Students can understand the rectilinear motion

B. APPARATUS
1. Gauge
2. Stopwatch
3. Rectilinear motion tube
4. Stative
5. Stationery
 C. EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY
Brief Theory
Said moving object if the object changed position to a reference point. Objects will
move through a trajectory with a certain length of time. total length of the path traversed is
called the distance, while the change in the position of the object from the initial position to
the final position is called displacement. distance is a scalar quantity, whereas displacement
is a vector quantity.
Said object moving rectilinear motion if the object moves in a straight path and
move with constant velocity or no change in velocity with time, so the acceleration is zero.
velocity is defined as the change in position at any time or in the form of written
mathematically:
∆𝑥
𝑣⃗ =
𝑡
While speed is the amount of the distance per unit of time or in the form of written
mathematically:
𝑥
𝑣=
𝑡
𝑣⃗ = velocity (m/s)
∆𝑥 = displacement (m)
t = time interval (s)
v = speed (m/s)
x = distance (m)

Variable Identification
Activity 1 & Activity 2

 Manipulation variable : distance, displacement

 Respond variable : speed, velocity
 Control variable : time

Definition of Variable Operational

Activity 1 & Activity 2
 Distance : Distance is the length of the path traveled by an object with a certain time
 Displacement : displacement is the change in the position of objects from an initial
position to a final position
 Speed : Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to "how fast an object is moving."
Speed can be thought of as the rate at which an object covers distance.
  Velocity : Velocity is defined as the rate of change of displacement with respect to
time
 Time : Time is a principal amount in which the unit is second.

Procedures
Activity 1
1. Make the track in a rectangular space then measure the length of each side
2. Give the code on each corner with a code a, b, c, d
3. Prepare your 3 friends, as the object moves at different velocities
4. The first person standing at point A, then march to point b, you measure the time it
used to take the path from point a to point b (Try crusty with constant velocity).
continue with the second and third person, record the results on the observation
table!
5. Do step 4 with different trajectories, for instance from point a to the point b to point
c then. proceed with some of the other tracks, recording the results in the table of
observations
Activity 2
1. Take rectilinear motion tube and stative to drape one end of the tube
2. Mark of at least 4 points as points a, b, c, d on the tube (try having the same hose)
3. Define / measure the path length of the tube base (0cm) to point a, to point b, to
point c, and to the point d
4. Hanging at one end of the tube at a certain height stative, start from a height of about
5cm from the base
5. Lift the other end of the tube so that the bubbles in the tip of the tube is raised
6. Had reached the lower end of the base so that the bubble will move up, measure the
time it takes a bubble to reach a point (when bubbles start the stopwatch right across
the 0 cm position on the tube), repeat 3 times as much data retrieval
7. Repeat steps 4, 5, and 6 with different distance (to the point b, to c and to d) record
the result in the observation table

D. EXPERIMENT RESULT AND DATA ANALYSIS

Observation Result
Activity 1
Table 1.1 Measurement Result of Distance, Displacement, and Time
No Track Distance Displacement Time
(cm) (cm) (s)
1.185 1. 185 1.10, 1
1 A-B 2. 185 2. 185 2. 3,2
3. 185 3. 185 3. 1,7
1. 396 1. 280 1. 23,1
2 A-C 2. 396 2. 280 2. 7,0
3. 396 3. 280 3. 3,7
1. 613 1. 247 1. 36,4
3 A-D 2. 613 2. 247 2. 11,0
3. 613 3. 247 3. 6,2
1. 938 1. 185 1. 58,8
4 A - B (via D) 2. 938 2. 185 2. 16,9
3. 938 3. 185 3. 11,8

Activity 2
Table 1.2 Measurement Result of Distance and Time on Rectilinear Motion
No Height (cm) Distance (cm) Time (s)
1. 1,2
O–A
2. 1,1
(10)
3. 1,2
1. 2,4
O–B
2. 2,2
(20,1)
3. 2,3
1 5
1. 3,6
O–C
2. 3,5
(30,1)
3. 3,6
1. 4,9
O–D
2. 4,7
(40,1)
3. 4,8
1. 1,0
O–A
2 7 2. 1,2
(10)
3. 1,1
 1. 2,1
O–B
2. 2,2
(20,1)
3. 2,2
1. 3,1
O–C
2. 3,2
(30,1)
3. 3,2
1. 4,3
O–D
2. 4,4
(40,1)
3. 4,3
1. 1,1
O–A
2. 1,1
(10)
3. 1,0
1. 2,0
O–B
2. 2,2
(20,1)
3. 2,0
3 9
1. 3,0
O–C
2. 3,3
(30,1)
3. 3,1
1. 4,2
O–D
2. 4,3
(40,1)
3. 4,2

Data Analysis
Activity 1
Based on the observations / measurements, determine the velocity and the average speeed
every person on every track (to include error analysis). Leave a comment and conclusions.
 Trajectory A – B
 First people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=10,1 = 18,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 10,1] 18,3

= [0,0002 + 0,0099] 18,3

 = [0,0101] 18,3
= 0,18 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,18
= x 100%
18,3

= 0,009x 100%
= 0.9 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,9
= 99,1 %
𝑣⃗ = |18,30 ± 0,18| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 185
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = = = 18,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 10,1
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 10,1] 18,3

= [0,0002 + 0,0099] 18,3

= [0,0101] 18,3
= 0,18 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,18
= x 100%
18,3

= 0,009x 100%
= 0.9 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,9
= 99,1 %
𝑣 = |18,30 ± 0,18| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠

 Second people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 3,2 = 57,8 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 3,2] 57,8
 = [0,0002 + 0,0312] 57,8
= [0,0314] 57,8
= 1,81 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
1,81
= 57,8
x 100%

= 0,03 x 100%
= 3%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 3%
= 97 %
𝑣⃗ = |57,80 ± 1,81| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 185
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = = = 18,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 3,2
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 3,2] 57,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0312] 57,8

= [0,0314] 57,8
= 1,81 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
1,81
= 57,8
x 100%

= 0,03 x 100%
= 3%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 3%
= 97 %
𝑣 = |57,80 ± 1,81| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠

 Third people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = = = 108,8 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 1,7
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
 0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 1,7] 108,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0588] 108,8

= [0,059] 108,8
= 6,4 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
6,4
= x 100%
108,8

= 0,05 x 100%
= 5%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 5%
= 95 %
𝑣⃗ = |108,8 ± 6,4| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 185
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=10,1 = 18,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 1,7] 108,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0588] 108,8

= [0,059] 108,8
= 6,4 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = x 100%
𝑣
6,4
= x 100%
108,8

= 0,05 x 100%
= 5%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 5%
= 95 %
𝑣 = |108,8 ± 6,4| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠

 Trajectory A – C
 First people
 Velocity
 𝑥 280
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=23,1 = 12,1 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,10 0,1
= [ 280 + 23,1] 12,1

= [0,0003 + 0,0043] 12,1

= [0,0046] 12,1
= 0,05 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,05
= 0,4
x 100%

= 0,004 x 100%
= 0,4 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,4
= 99,6 %
𝑣⃗ = |12,10 ± 0,05| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 396
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = = = 17,1 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 23,1
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,10 0,1
= [ 396 + 23,1] 17,1

= [0,0002 + 0,0043] 17,1

= [0,0045] 17,1
= 0,07 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,07
= 17,1
x 100%

= 0,004 x 100%
= 0.4 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,4%
= 99,6 %
𝑣 = |17,10 ± 0,07| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Second people
 Velocity
 𝑥 280
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 7,0 = 40 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,10 0,1
= [ 280 + 7,0] 40

= [0,0003 + 0,0142] 40
= [0,0145] 40
= 0,58 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,58
= 40
x 100%

= 0,01 x 100%
= 1%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,4
= 99%
𝑣⃗ = |40,00 ± 0,58| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 396
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = = = 56,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 7,0
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,10 0,1
= [ 396 + 7,0] 56,5

= [0,0002 + 0,0142] 56,5

= [0,0144] 56,5
= 0,81 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,81
= 56,5
x 100%

= 0,01 x 100%
= 1%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,4%
= 99%
𝑣 = |56,50 ± 0,81| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Third people
 Velocity
 𝑥 280
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 3,7 = 75,6 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,10 0,1
= [ 280 + 3,7] 75,6

= [0,0003 + 0,0270] 75,6

= [0,0273] 75,6
= 2,06 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
2,06
= 75,6
x 100%

= 0,02 x 100%
= 2%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 2%
= 98%
𝑣⃗ = |75,60 ± 2,06| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 396
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 3,7 = 107,0 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,10 0,1
= [ 396 + 23,1] 107,0

= [0,0002 + 0,0270] 107,0

= [0,0272] 107,0
= 2,91 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
2,91
= 107,0
x 100%

= 0,02 x 100%
= 2%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 2%
= 98 %
𝑣 = |107,00 ± 2,91| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Trajectory A – D
 First people
 Velocity
𝑥 247
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=36,4 = 6,7 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,05 0,1
= [ 247 + 36,4] 6,7

= [0,0002 + 0,0027] 6,7

= [0,0029] 6,7
= 0,01 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,01
= x 100%
6,7

= 0,001 x 100%
= 0,1 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,1%
= 99,9 %
𝑣⃗ = |6,70 ± 0,01| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 613
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=36,4 = 16,8 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,15 0,1
= [ 613 + 36,4] 16,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0027] 16,8

= [0,0029] 16,8
= 0,04 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,04
= 16,8
x 100%

= 0,002 x 100%
= 0,2 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,2
= 99,8 %
𝑣 = |16,80 ± 0,04| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Second people
  Velocity
𝑥 247
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=11,0 = 22,4 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,05 0,1
= [ 247 + 11,0] 22,4

= [0,0002 + 0,0090] 22,4

= [0,0092] 22,4
= 0,20 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,20
= x 100%
22,4

= 0,008 x 100%
= 0,8 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,8%
= 99,2 %
𝑣⃗ = |22,40 ± 0,20| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 613
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=11,0 = 55,7 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,15 0,1
= [ 613 + 11,0] 55,7

= [0,0002 + 0,0090] 55,7

= [0,0092] 55,7
= 0,51 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,04
= 16,8
x 100%

= 0,009 x 100%
= 0,9 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,2
= 99,1 %
𝑣 = |55,70 ± 0,51| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Third people
  Velocity
𝑥 247
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 6,2 = 39,8 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [𝑥 + 𝑡]v
0,05 0,1
= [ 247 + 6,2] 39,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0161] 39,8

= [0,0163] 39,8
= 0,64 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,64
= x 100%
39,8

= 0,01 x 100%
= 1%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 1%
= 99%
𝑣⃗ = |39,80 ± 0,64| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 613
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
= 6,2 = 98,8 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,15 0,1
= [ 613 + 6,2] 98,8

= [0,0002 + 0,0161] 98,8

= [0,0163] 98,8
= 1,61 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
1,61
= 98,8
x 100%

= 0,01 x 100%
= 1%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 1%
= 99%
𝑣 = |98,80 ± 1,61| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Trajectory A – B (via D)
 First people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=58,8 = 3,1 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [ 𝑥 + 𝑡 ] 𝑣⃗
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 58,8] 3,1

= [0,0002 + 0,0017] 3,1

= [0,0019] 3,1
= 0,005 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,005
= 3,1
x 100%

= 0,001 x 100%
= 0,1 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,1%
= 99,9 %
𝑣⃗ = |3,100 ± 0,005| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 938
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=58,8 = 15,9 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,25 0,1
= [ 938 + 58,8] 15,9

= [0,0002 + 0,0017] 15,9

= [0,0019] 15,9
= 0,03 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%

= 15,9 x 100%
= 0,001 x 100%
= 0,1 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,1%
= 99,9 %
𝑣 = |15,90 ± 0,03| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Second people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=16,9 = 10,9 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [ 𝑥 + 𝑡 ] 𝑣⃗
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 16,9] 10,9

= [0,0002 + 0,0059] 10,9

= [0,0061] 10,9
= 0,06 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,06
= x 100%
3,1

= 0,005 x 100%
= 0,5 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,5%
= 99,5 %
𝑣⃗ = |10,90 ± 0,06| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 938
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=16,9 = 55,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,25 0,1
= [ 938 + 16,9] 55,5

= [0,0002 + 0,0059] 55,5

= [0,0061] 55,5
= 0,33 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣
𝐾𝑅 = 𝑣
x 100%
0,33
= 55,5
x 100%

= 0,005 x 100%
= 0,5%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,5%
= 99,5 %
𝑣 = |55,50 ± 0,33| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Third people
 Velocity
𝑥 185
𝑣⃗𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=11,8 = 15,6 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ = [ 𝑥 + 𝑡 ] 𝑣⃗
0,05 0,1
= [ 185 + 11,8] 15,6

= [0,0002 + 0,0084] 15,6

= [0,0086] 15,6
= 0,13 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,13
= x 100%
15,6

= 0,008 x 100%
= 0,8 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,8%
= 99,2%
𝑣⃗ = |15,60 ± 0,13| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Speed
𝑠 938
𝑣𝐴𝐵 = 𝑡
=11,8 = 79,4 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑠 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣 = [𝑠 + 𝑡
] v
0,25 0,1
= [ 938 + 11,8] 79,4

= [0,0002 + 0,0084] 79,4

= [0,0086] 79,4
= 0,68𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,13
= x 100%
15,6

= 0,008 x 100%
= 0,8 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,8%
= 99,2%
𝑣 = |79,40 ± 0,68| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
Activity 2

a. Determine the speed of the data obtained on each. Include uncertainty analysis.
b. Plot graphs the relations between distance and travel time at each altitude, then specify
the velocity of the graphs.
a.
 Height 5 cm
o O – A (10 cm)
𝑡̅ = 1,1 𝑠
𝑥 10
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑎 = 𝑡
=1,1 = 9,0 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 10 + 1,1] 9,0

= [0,005 + 0,090] 9,0

= 0,85 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,85
= x 100%
9,0

= 0,09x 100%
=9%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 9
= 91 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,00 ± 0,85| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – B (20,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 2,3 𝑠
𝑥 20,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑏 = 𝑡
= 2,3 = 8,7 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[ + ] v
𝑥 𝑡
0,05 0,1
= [20,1 + 2,3] 8,7

= [0,002 + 0,043] 8,7

= [0,045] 8,7
= 0,39 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
 0,39
= 8,7
x 100%

= 0,04 x 100%
=4%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 4%
= 96 %
𝑣⃗ = |8,70 ± 0,39| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – C (30,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 3,5 𝑠
𝑥 30,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑐 = 𝑡
= 3,5 = 8,6 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [30,1 + 3,5] 8,6

= [0,029] 8,6
= 0,24 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,24
= 8,6
x 100%

= 0,02 x 100%
=2%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 2%
= 98 %
𝑣⃗ = |8,60 ± 0,24| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – D (40,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 4,8 𝑠
𝑥 40,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑑 = 𝑡
= 4,8 = 8,3 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [40,1 + 4,8] 8,3

= [0,001 + 0,020] 8,3

= [0,021] 8,3
= 0,06 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
 0,06
= 8,3
x 100%

= 0,007 x 100%
= 0,7 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 0,7 %
= 99,3 %
𝑣⃗ = |8,30 ± 0,06| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠

 Height 7 cm
o O – A (10 cm)
𝑡̅ = 1,1 𝑠
𝑥 10
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑎 = 𝑡
=1,1 = 9,0 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 10 + 1,1] 9,0

= [0,005 + 0,090] 9,0

= 0,85 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,85
= 9,0
x 100%

= 0,09 x 100%
=9%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 9 %
= 91 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,00 ± 0,85| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – B (20,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 2,1 𝑠
𝑥 20,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑏 = 𝑡
= 2,1 = 9,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [20,1 + 2,1] 9,5

= [0,002 + 0,047] 9,5

= [0,049] 9,5
 = 0,46 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,46
= 9,5
x 100%

= 0,04 x 100%
=4%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 4%
= 96 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,50 ± 0,46| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – C (30,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 3,1 𝑠
𝑥 30,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑐 = 𝑡
= 3,1 = 9,7 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [30,1 + 3,1] 9,7

= [0,033] 9,7
= 0,32 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,32
= 9,7
x 100%

= 0,03 x 100%
=3%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 3%
= 97 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,70 ± 0,32| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – D (40,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 4,3 𝑠
𝑥 40,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑑 = 𝑡
= 4,3 = 9,3 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [40,1 + 4,3] 9,3

= [0,001 + 0,023] 9,3

= [0,024] 9,3
 = 0,22 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
0,22
= 9,3
x 100%

= 0,02 x 100%
=2%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 2%
= 98 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,30 ± 0,22| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
 Height 9 cm
o O – A (10 cm)
𝑡̅ = 1,0 𝑠
𝑥 10
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑎 = 𝑡
=1,0 = 10 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [ 10 + 1,0] 10

= [0,005 + 0,100] 10
= [0,105] 10
= 1,05 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
x 100%
𝑣
1,05
= 10
x 100%

= 0,10 x 100%
= 10 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 10%
= 90 %
𝑣⃗ = |10,00 ± 1,05| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – B (20,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 2,0 𝑠
𝑥 20,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑏 = = = 10,05 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 2,0
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
0,05 0,1
= [20,1 + 2,0] 10,05
 = [0,002 + 0,050] 10,05
= [0,052] 10,05
= 0,52 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,52
= 10,05 x 100%

= 0,05x 100%
=5%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 5%
= 95 %
𝑣⃗ = |10,05 ± 0,52| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – C (30,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 3,1 𝑠
𝑥 30,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑐 = = = 9,7 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑡 3,1
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[ + ] v
𝑥 𝑡
0,05 0,1
= [30,1 + 3,1] 9,7

= [0,001 + 0,032] 9,7

= [0,033] 9,7
= 0,32 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,32
= 9,7
x 100%

= 0,032x 100%
= 3,2 %
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 3,2%
= 96,8 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,70 ± 0,32| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
o O – D (40,1 cm)
𝑡̅ = 4,2 𝑠
𝑥 40,1
𝑣⃗𝑜𝑑 = 𝑡
= 4,2 = 9,5 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑥 ∆𝑡
∆𝑣⃗ =[𝑥 + 𝑡
] v
 0,05 0,1
= [40,1 + 4,2] 9,5

= [0,001 + 0,023]9,5
= [0,024] 9,5
= 0,22 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠
∆𝑣⃗⃗
𝐾𝑅 = ⃗⃗
𝑣
x 100%
0,22
= x 100%
9,5

= 0,02 x 100%
=2%
DK = 100% - KR
= 100% - 2%
= 98 %
𝑣⃗ = |9,50 ± 0,22| 𝑐𝑚⁄𝑠

b. Plot graphs relationship between distance and travel time at each altitude.
 Graphics and accounting analysis in height 5 cm.

45
40 40.1
35
Distance (cm)

30 30.1
25
20 20.1
15 y = 8.151x + 1.2334
10 10 R² = 0.9995
5
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (s)

Graph 1.1: measuring result of distance and time in rectilinear motion

y = mx + c s = v.t + s0

s = 8,151x + 1.233

v = 8,151 cm/s

DK = R2×100%
 = 0,999×100%

= 99,9%

KR = 100% - DK

= 100% - 99,9%

= 0,1% (4 AB)

KR ×V
∆v = 100%

0,1 × 8,151
= 100%

= 0,008 cm/s

v = | 8,151 ± 0,008 | cm/s

 Graphics and accounting analysis in height 7 cm.

50

40 40.1
Distance (cm)

30 30.1

20 20.1
y = 9.4414x + 0.0553
10 10 R² = 0.9977

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time (s)

Graph 1.2: measuring result of distance and time in rectilinear motion

y = mx + c s = v.t + s0

s = 9,441x + 0.055

v = 9,441 cm/s

DK = R2×100%
 = 0,997×100%

= 99,7%

KR = 100% - DK

= 100% - 99,7%

= 0,3% (4 AB)

KR × V
∆v = 100%

0,3 × 9,441
= 100%

= 0,028 cm/s

v = | 9,441 ± 0,028| cm/s

 Graphics and accounting analysis in height 9 cm.

50
40 40.1
Distance (cm)

30 30.1
20 20.1
y = 9.3684x + 0.9514
10 10 R² = 0.9994
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time (s)

Graph 1.3: measuring result of distance and time in rectilinear motion

y = mx + c s = v.t + s0

s = 9,368x + 0.951

v = 9,368 cm/s

DK = R2×100%

= 0,999 × 100%

= 99,9%
KR = 100% - DK

= 100% - 99,9%

= 0,1% (4 AB)

KR × V
∆v = 100%

0,1 × 9,368
= 100%

= 0,009 cm/s

v = | 9,368 ± 0,009 | cm/s

EXPLANATION
Of the data obtained shows that for the first height is a constant velocity
measurement distance increases by the value of the measurement error resulting wave
decreases and vice versa, while the second has the height of a constant speed and greater
distance provided will result in smaller errors as did the value of the data to a height.

Rectilinear motion (GLB) is a trajectory of motion is a straight line and at the same
time interval, taken the same distance. It means that the magnitude and direction of velocity
remains. At the time this experiment, the goal is to determine the velocity and the average
speed on the activities of 1 and 2. We have conducted experiments on a uniform rectilinear
motion first activity where we made a rectangular track by using 3 objects moving with
different speeds. From these observations we know that the object is moving at a different
place also have different travel times. Of the second activity, we observed the time required
to arrive at the bubble point A, B, C, and D which have height respectively. From these
observations, we can calculate the velocity of each bubble at any point. We can conclude that
if the destination point is higher, then the velocity of the bubble will also be faster.

CONCLUSION
1. Distance is the scalar value of how far an object has traveled regardless of direction.
Distance is the total length of path traversed by the moving body irrespective of
direction. While, Displacement is the vector value of how far an object has been
 displaced, meaning how far is it from where it started. Displacement is the directed line
segment between initial and final position of a moving body.
2. Velocity can be expressed as (velocity is constant):
𝑠
v=𝑡

The average speed of any object can be found by dividing the total displacement
by the total time.
∆𝑥
𝑉=
∆𝑡

3. The relationship between displacement and time (s-t) of two different moving objects
irregular slope, then the graph with a large tilt angle showed greater speed.
4. Rectilinear motion is defined as motion of an object with constant velocity. Constant
velocity means both large and fixed him. Speed of the object remains the same distance
for the same time interval. Rectilinear motion is the motion that occurs in a straight
trajectory and has a fixed rate and direction.

REFERENCES

Halliday, David and Resnick, Robert. 1999. Fisika Jilid 1 Edisi Ketiga (Terjemahan).
Jakarta: Erlangga.

Tipler, Paul A. 2001. Fisika untuk Sains dan Teknik Edisi Ketiga Jilid 1 (Terjemahan).
Jakarta: Erlangga.