G.

classroom management skills

Basically, teacher activities, while teaching lessons take place consist of two main activities,
namely the management of teaching and class management. Teaching management is a tool used by
teachers in teaching. While the classroom management is the activity of creating and maintaining
optimal learning conditions. Classroom management activities include attempts to stop student
behavior that distorts class attention and other deviations by students.
In the management of the activities faced with problems coming from two sources, namely:
1. Problems that come from students, whether individual or group problems.
2. Problems that come from the condition of teaching and learning place progress.
In order for teachers to be able to manage the class, it is required skills for him to find
alternative solutions to the problems that arise.
7.1. classroom management approaches
According to james cooper, et al, there are three approaches, namely:
a. Behavior modification approach
That is an approach that assumes that all human behavior within certain limits, good or bad is
the result of learning, which expects the teacher to be able to shape student behavior as desired and
eliminate bad behavior. There are two ways to make it happen:
1. The use of positive reinforcement, to shape, maintain, and improve the desired student
behavior.
2. Use of negative reinforcement, deletion, and punishment.
Example: a student who likes to interrupt a teacher can be eliminated by stopping positive
reinforcement.
While the form of punishment commonly used by teachers, namely:
a. Physical punishment: pinching, slapping, hitting with rattan, etc.
b. Punishment with unpleasant words or phrases: nagging, threats, criticism, insinuation,
derision.
c. Punishment with an unpleasant physical stimulus: pointing to glaring, jealousy
d. Punishment in unpleasant form: like standing in front of class, excluded from class, etc.
b. The socio-emotional climate approach
The teacher's attitude expected in this approach are twofold:
1. Attitude for students who do not experience psychological disorders consisting of:
1.1. Open attitude
 1.2. Acceptance
1.3. Democratic attitude
2. Attitude for students who have psychological disorders that is, attitudes toward behavior that
can disrupt the course of teaching and learning activities: attract attention, master, take revenge and
feel inadequate. The expected attitudes of teachers are:
2.1. For pupils with attention-getting attitudes besides teachers can be stupid
2.2. For pupils with mastering behavior, teachers need to provide a lead role.
2.3. For students with retaliatory behavior, the teacher's initial attitude is to ignore him by
remaining reasonable
2.4. For students who feel inadequate, teachers are expected not to blame students directly. But
teachers are required to encourage students to participate actively in teaching and learning
activities.
c. Group process approach
It is an approach that assumes that effective and efficient teaching and learning activities take
place in a group context. Therefore the role of teachers here in classroom management is to create class
groups that have strong ties and are expected to unite all interests.
There are a few things to keep in mind to apply the capabilities in question:
1. Encourage and state participation
2. Seek compromise
3. Reduce the tension within the class that arises
4. Clarify communication among students in groups
5. Addressing disagreements between pupils or groups as well
6. Show attendance, that is, the teacher assures the student that he is present in the class not
only physically
7. Imposing sanctions against deviations that occur.