JEE Main~Unit Test · Mathematics 67

Test 8 \ f( x ) is continuous at x = 0. (1 + h - 1)n

lim = -1
At x = 3, h® 0 logcos m (1 + h - 1)
Limits Continuity & - +
f( 3 ) = f( 3 ) = f( 3) = 12 hn
Differentiation Þ lim = -1
f( x ) is continuous at x = 3. h® 0 logcos m h
1. (b) The graph of y = |[ x] + x - [ x ]| can
Hence, only point of discontinuity is hn
be obtained by leaving the positive part x = - 2. Þ lim = -1
h® 0 mlogcos h
as it is and by taking mirror image of
4. (b) We have,
negative part of f( x ) about X-axis. nhn - 1
x nf ( x ) + x 2 Þ lim = -1
Thus, the graph for y = | [ x ] + x - [ x ]| h( x ) = lim ,x>0 h® 0 1
n®¥ x n + g ( x) m´ ´ ( - sin h)
is cos h
Y ì x2 [using L’ nHospital’s rule]
ï , 0< x<1 -n h - 1
ï g ( x) Þ lim æç ö÷ = -1
\ h( x ) = í f( x ) , x > 1 h® 0 è m ø sin h
-
ï f(1) + 1 cos h
ï 1 + g (1) , x = 1 n hn - 2
î Þ lim =1
m h ® 0 tan h
Since, h( x ) is continuous for x > 1.
h
\ h(1) = h(1+ ) = h(1– )
X n
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 1 \ n = 2 and =1 Þ m= n=2
Þ = f(1) m
g (1)
8. (c) At x = 0
Þ f(1) × g (1) = 1
f ( 0 - h) - f ( 0 )
5. (d) L f ¢ ( 0) = `
2 2
-h
f( x ) = ( x - 1)| x - 3 x + 2| + cos(| x |)
1
x
x - e + cos 2 x = ( x - 1) ( x + 1) × |( x - 1)( x - 2 )| + cos x – hsin æç - ö÷ - 0
2. (d) We have, f( x) = ,x¹0 è hø
x2 = lim
( x - 1)| x - 1| and cos x are differentiable h® 0 –h
f( x ) is continuous at x = 0. for all x, but| x - 2| is not differentiable at 1
\ lim f( x ) = f( 0) x = 2. = lim - sin æç ö÷
x®0
h® 0 è hø
x - e x + cos 2 x Hence, f( x ) is non-differentiable at x = 2.
Þ f( 0) = lim which is not unique.
x®0 x2 6. (d) We have, f( x) = max. { x, x 3} Hence, f( x ) is not differentiable at x = 0.
1 - e x + 2 sin2 x ì x, if x £ - 1
Þ f( 0) = lim f ( 0 – h) – f ( 0 )
x®0 2x ï x 3, if - 1 £ x < 0 Now, Lg ¢( 0) = lim
ï h® 0 -h
[applying L’ Hospital’s rule] Þ f( x ) = í
ï x, if 0 £ x £ 1
1
- e x - 4 cos 2 x ïî x 3, h2 sin æç - ö÷ - 0
Þ f( 0) = lim if 1 £ x
x®0 2 è hø
= lim
-5 Y h® 0 -h
Þ f( 0) =
2 y=x3 y=x 1
= lim hsin æç ö÷ = 0 ´ (Finite ) = 0
-5 h® 0 è hø
\ [f( 0)] = é ù = - 3
êë 2 úû f ( 0 + h) - f ( 0 )
X and Rg ¢ ( 0) = lim
-5 X′ h® 0 h
and { f( 0)} = ìí üý = 0.5 O
î2 þ 1
(–1, –1) h2 sin æç ö÷ - 0
\ [f( 0)] { f( 0)} = – 3 ´ 0.5 = - 1.5 è hø
= lim
ì| x + 1|, if x < - 2
h® 0 h
ï 2 x + 3, if -2 £ x < 0 Y′ 1
3. (b) Given, f( x) = ïí 2 Þ
The continuous line shown in the above
= lim hsin
h® 0 h
ï x + 3, if 0 £ x < 3
3
ïî x - 15, if 3 £ x figure represent the graph of f( x ). = 0 ´ (Finite ) = 0
ì -( x + 1), if x < - 2 Clearly, f( x ) is not differentiable at x = - 1, \ g ( x ) is differentiable at x = 0 and h( x ) is
ï 2 x + 3, if -2 £ x < 0 0, 1. also differentiable at x = 0.
ï
f( x ) = í 2 7. (c) Given, 9. (d) We have,
ï x + 3, if 0 £ x < 3 ( x - 1)n
ïî x 3 - 15, if 3 £ x g ( x) = , 0 < x < 2, m ¹ 0, ì- x , for - 1 £ x < 0
loge cos m ( x - 1) ï 0 , for 0 £ x < 1
At x = - 2, ïï
n are integers f( x ) = x[ x ] = í x , for 1 £ x < 2
f( -2 - ) = lim - ( -2 - h + 1) = 1 ì x - 1, x³1 ï2 x
h® 0
and | x - 1| = í , for 2 £ x < 3
ï
+
f( -2 ) = lim 2 ( -2 + h) + 3 = - 1 î1 - x, x<1 ïî 3 x , for x = 3
h® 0
The left hand derivative of| x - 1| at x = 1 which is discontinuous at x = 0, 1, 2 and 3.
f( x ) is discontinuous at x = - 2.
is p = - 1.
Now, at x = 0,
Also, lim g ( x ) = p = - 1
f ( 0 - ) = f ( 0 + ) = f ( 0) = 3 x ® 1+
68 JEE Main~Unit Test · Mathematics

ì- 1 , for - 1 £ x < 0 (1 – a ) x 2 – ( a + b ) x + (1 – b ) éQ e 2 ~ (2.732 )2 ~ 7.463ù

ï 0 Þ lim =¥ ê ú
, for 0 £ x < 1 x®¥ x+1
ïï ê ú
f ¢( x) = í 1 , for 1 £ x < 2 Þ 1- a > 0 ê\ {e 2} = e 2 – 7 ú
ï2 ë û
, for 2 £ x < 3 Þ a < 1 and b Î R
ï nx
ïî 3 , for x = 3 1 × n + 2 × ( n - 1) + 3 × ( n - 2 ) é 11/ x + 2 1/ x + × × × + n1/ x ù
18. (b) lim ê ú
Clerly, f( x ) is not differentiable at x = 0, 1, + × × × + ( n - 1) × 2 + n × 1 x®¥
ë n û
14. (a) lim
2 and 3. n® ¥ 12 + 2 2 + × × × + n2 Let y =
1
, then
10. (c) We have, f(1) = 3 and f ¢ (1) = 6 é ù x
n/ y
1/ x ê S n( n - 1) ú é 1y + 2 y + × × × + ny ù
æ f (1 + x )ö ¥ = lim ê ú = lim ê
Now, lim ç ÷ [1 form] n ® ¥ n ( n + 1) (2 n + 1) ú
x®0 è f(1) ø ê ú y®0
ë n û
ë 6 û
y y y y
f (1 + x ) - f(1) 1 2 n é 1 + 2 + 3 + ××× + n ù
lim ´ Sn - Sn lim ê - 1ú
\ ex ® 0 f(1) x = lim y ® 0y ê
ë n úû
n ® ¥ é n ( n + 1) (2 n + 1) ù =e
1 f ¢(1 + x ) - 0
lim êë 6 úû é 1 y + 2 y + 3 y + L + ny - n ù
f(1) x ® 0 1 lim ê ú
or e y ®0 ê y úû
=e ë
= e1/ 3×f ¢(1) = e1/ 3 ´ 6 = e 2 é n( n + 1) (2 n + 1) - n( n + 1)ù
ê 6 2 úû é æ 1y - 1 ö æ 2y - 1 ö æ 3y - 1 ö
ì 0, 0 £ x < 1 = lim ë lim ê ç ÷ + ç ÷ + ç ÷
n® ¥ n( n + 1) (2 n + 1) y ® 0 ê çè y ÷ø çè y ÷ø çè y ÷ø
11. (a) f( x) = ïí x, 1 £ x < 2 =e ë
6
ï2( x - 1), 2 £ x < 3 æ ny - 1 ö ù
î 1 (2 n - 5) 1 + × × × + çç ÷÷
= lim = è y øú û
f( x ) is not continuous at x = 1 but n ® ¥ 2 (2 n + 1) 2
continuous at x = 2. = e(log 1 + log 2 + log 3 + ××× + log n)

1
x 3 × sin æç ö÷ + x + 1
log(1×2×3 ××× n)
ì 0, 0 £ x < 1 =e = n!
ï è xø
f ¢ ( x ) = í 1, 1 £ x < 2 15. (c) We have, lim .Put 1
y®¥ x2 + x + 1
ï2, 2 £ x < 3 19. (b) We have, lim (1 + [ x ])log (tan x )
î 1 p
= y x®
x 4
Clearly, f( x ) is not differentiable at
x = 1,2. 1 1 Now, lim f( x )
× sin( y) + + 1 p-
\ Both f ¢(1) and f ¢(2 ) do not exist. y3 y x®
1
Þ lim 4
y®0 1 1 æ ép ùö é p ù
log ê tan æç - hö÷ ú
12. (a) We have, y = [ x] + x - [ x] + +1 = lim ç1 + ê - hú ÷ è4 øû
y2 y x®
p
-h è ë4 ûø ë
4
ì x, if 0 £ x < 1 1 é sin y ù
ï + y + y2 ú 1
é æp ö ù
y = í1 + x - 1, if 1 £ x < 2 y 2 êë y û = lim (1 + 0)0 êQ çè 4 - h÷ø = 0ú
ï2 + x - 2 , if 2 £ x < 3 and so on = lim h® 0 ë û
î
x®0 1 é 2 ù
1 + y + y
\ The graph of y 2 êë úû = 1¥ = 1
y = [ x] + x - [ x ] is sin y and lim f( x )
+ y + y2 p+
y x® 1
Y = lim =1 p4 æ ö
= lim ç1 + é + hù ÷
p
y ® 0 1 + y + y2 log tan æç + hö÷
êë 4 úû ø è4 ø
p
x® + h è
p p
16. (b) lim ncos æç ö÷ × sin æç ö÷
3 4
n® ¥ è 4n ø è 4n ø é æp ö ù
2 = lim 1¥ = 1 êQ çè 4 + h÷ø = 0ú
h® 0
é æ p öù ë û
1
p ê sin çè 4n ÷ø ú p
= lim ncos æç ö÷ ê ú× \ lim
x ® p/ 4
f( x ) = 1
X n® ¥ è 4n ø ê æç p ö÷ ú 4n
–3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4
–1
êë è 4n ø úû
20. (c) We have,
p tan2 { x}
–2 sin æç ö÷ lim f( x ) = lim
p p è 4n ø
= lim ncos æç ö÷ × æç ö÷ lim x 2 - [ x ]2
+ +
x®0 x®0
n® ¥ è 4p ø è 4n ø n ® ¥ æ p ö
ç ÷
è 4n ø tan2 x
= lim =1
From the graph, f( x ) is continuous, x®0 x2
+
p p p
" x Î R. = lim cos æç ö÷ = [Q x ® 0 + ; [ x ] = 0 Þ { x} = x ]
n® ¥ 4 è 4n ø 4
é x2 + 1 ù
13. (d) Given, lim ê - ax - b ú = ¥ ì 2/ x ü
Also, lim f( x ) = lim { x} cot { x}
x®¥ x + 1 x ® 0- x ® 0-
ë û 17. (a) Here, lim íîï(1+ x ) ý
þ
x®0
Þ = cot 1
2
x + 1 - ax ( x + 1) - b ( x + 1) ì lim x × 2 ü
x )2 / x ü = ïe x ® 0 x ï éQ { x} = x - [ x ]
= ìí lim ù
lim =¥ (1 +
x®¥ x+1 ý í ý ê ú
îx ® 0 þ ï ïþ Þ x ® 0 -
Þ { x} = 1 – h = 1}
î ë û
é ¥ formù
êë ¥ úû = {e 2} = e 2 - 7 Also,
JEE Main~Unit Test · Mathematics 69

é ù
2 1 - cos q f ¢(101)
cot - 1 ê lim f( x )ú = cot - 1 ( cot 1)2 and b = lim = 5050
- q®0 q2 f(101)
ëx ® 0 û
f(101) 1
= cot - 1 (cot 1) = 1 Þ =
q f ¢(101) 5050
2 sin2
[12 x ] + [2 2 x ] + × × × + [n2 x ] = lim 2 = 1
21. (c) lim 2 26. (a) We have, g ( x) = loge f( x)
n® ¥ n3
q®0
æ qö × 4 2
ç ÷
è2 ø f( x ) = e g ( x )
n2 x - 1 < [n2 x] £ n2 x ,
n e g ( x + 1) = f ( x + 1) = x f( x ) = xe g ( x )
Putting n = 1, 2, 3, L , n, we get \ S ar b n - r = b n + ab n - 1 \ g ( x + 1) = log x + g ( x )
x Sn 2 - n < S [ n 2 x ] £ x Sn 2 r=0
2 n- 2
+ a b + ××× + a n g ( x + 1) - g ( x ) = log x …(i)
Sn 2 1 S [n2 x] Sn 2 1
x - < £ x …(i) n + 1ù Now, on replacing x by x - , we get
n n3
n 2 3
n 3 é a n
b n ê1 - æç ö÷ ú æ 1 ö [1 - ( 4)n + 1 ] 2
ì Sn 2 1ü èbø ç ÷ 1 1 1
è2 ø
Þ lim í x × 3 - 2 ý =
êë úû
= g æç x + ö÷ - g æç x - ö÷ = log æç x - ö÷
n® ¥
î n n þ a 1- 4 è 2ø è 2ø è 2ø
1-
Sn 2 1 b = log(2 x - 1) - log 2
= x × lim - lim 4n + 1 - 1 1ö 1 1
g ¢ ç x + ÷ - g ¢ æç x - ö÷ =
æ
3 2
n® ¥ n n
n® ¥ = ´2
n( n + 1) (2 n + 1) 3×2n è 2ø è 2ø 2x - 1
= x × lim -0
n® ¥ 6n 3 1 - cos( ax 2 + bx + c ) 1 1
24. (a) lim or g ¢¢ æç x + ö÷ - g ¢¢ æç x - ö÷
æ1 + ö æ2 + 1 ö
1 x®a ( x - a)2 è 2ø è 2ø
ç ÷ç ÷
è nø è nø -4
= x × lim As a and b are two distinct roots. = …(ii)
n® ¥ 6
\ ax 2 + bx + c = a ( x - a) ( x - b ) (2 x - 1)2
2 x
= x× = On putting x = 1, 2, 3 × × × N in Eq. (ii) and
6 3 -b ± b 2 - 4ac
i.e. a, b = then adding, we get
Sn 2 x 2a 1 1
and lim x 3
= 1 - cos[( x - a) ( x - b ) a ] g ¢¢æç N + ö÷ - g ¢¢ æç ö÷
n® ¥ n 3 = lim è 2ø è2 ø
x®a ( x - a)2
As two limits are equal i.e. x/3. ì 1 1 1 ü
[( x - a) ( x - b ) a ] = - 4 í1 + + + ××× + 2ý
ì é ay ù ü 2 sin2 9 25 (2 N - 1)
ï exp ê x log æç1 + ö÷ ú ï = lim 2 î þ
è x øû
ï ë ï x®a ( x - a)2 27. (a) We have,
ï é æ1 + by ö ù ï
- exp x log ç ÷ ï 2 [( x
- a) ( x - b )a ] f( x ) = x-1+ x + 24 - 10 x - 1
ï ê 2 sin
x ø úû ï
2
è
22. (b) lim ïí lim ë
ý = lim 2 a 2 æç
x - bö
÷ [Q1 < x < 26]
y®0 x®¥ y x®a 2 è 4 ø
ï ï é ( x - a) ( x - b ) a ù
ï ï êë úû Þ f( x ) = x-1+ [( x - 1) - 5]2
2
ï ï
ï ï 2 2 a2 Þ f( x ) = x - 1 + | x - 1 - 5|
= lim a ( x - b )2 = ( a - b )2
ïî ïþ x®a 4 2 Þ f( x ) = x-1- x+ 1+ 5
1 100 [Q1 < x < 26]
Let x = , x ® ¥, z ® 0 25. (b) We have, f( x) = P ( x - n)n(101 - n)
z n=1 Þ f( x ) = 5
ì log[1 + ( ay ) z ] log[1 + ( by ) z ] ü
z z
Þ f( x ) = ( x - 1)100 ´ ( x - 2 )2 ´ 99 \ f ¢( x ) = 0
ï e -e ï
= lim í lim ý ´ ( x - 3)3 ´ 98 ´ L ( x - 100)100 28. (d) We have, f( x) = | x||sin x|
y®0 z®0
ï y ï
î þ On taking log both sides, we get On taking log both sides, we get
ì log[1 + ( ay ) z ] log[1 + ( by ) z ] ü log f( x ) = |sin x|log| x|
( ay ) by log f( x ) = 100 log ( x - 1) + 2
ïï ( ay ) z ( by ) z ïï
e -e ´ 99 log ( x - 2 ) + 3 ´ 98 log On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
= lim í lim ý
y®0 z®0
ï y ï ( x - 3) + L + 100 log ( x - 100) f ¢( x ) |sin x|
ïî ïþ = + |cos x|log| x|
On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get f( x ) | x|
ì e ay - e by ü 1 100 2 ´ 99 3 ´ 98 é|sin x| ù
= lim í ý f ¢( x ) = + + Þ f ¢( x ) = f( x ) ê + |cos x|log| x|ú
y®0 y f( x ) x -1 x -2 x -3
î þ ë | x| û
ì e( a - b )y - 1ü by 100 é|sin x| ù
= lim í ýe +L+ Þ f ¢( x ) = ( x )|sin x| ê + |cos x|log| x|ú
y®0 y x - 100
î þ ë | x| û
f ¢(101) 100 2 ´ 99 3 ´ 98
ì e( a - b )y - 1ü by = + + p é p ù
= lim í ý e (a - b ) f(101) 100 99 98 p p
sin ê sin p pú
Þ f ¢æç ö÷ = æç ö÷
4 4
î (a - b ) y þ
y®0 + cos log ú
100 ê
+L+ è 4ø è 4ø ê p 4 4ú
= (a - b ) 1 êë 4 úû
23. (c) x 2 + 2 x + 3 = ( x + 1)2 + 2 ³ 1, so f ¢(101)
= 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + L + 100
1
p p é2 2 1 pù
Þ f ¢æç ö÷ = æç ö÷
2
a=2 f(101) ê + log ú
è 4ø è 4ø ë p 2 4û
70 JEE Main~Unit Test · Mathematics

1 n! f ¢( x ) = 3 x 2 + 2 ax + b
p p é 2 p 2 2ù f n( x ) =
\ f ¢æç ö÷ = æç ö÷ log æç ö÷ +
2
ê ú ( n - 1)!
è 4ø è 4ø 2 è 4 ø p û or f ¢(1) = 3 + 2 a + b …(ii)
ë Þ f( 0) + f ¢( 0) + f 2( 0) + × × × + f n( 0) f ¢¢( x ) = 6 x + 2 a
29. (a) We have, = 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + ××× + n or f ¢¢(2 ) = 12 + 2 a …(iii)
x2 x3 xn n( n + 1)
f( x ) = x + + + ××× + f ¢¢¢( x ) = 6 or f ¢¢¢( 3) = 6 …(iv)
1! 2! ( n - 1)! =
2 From Eqs. (i) and (iv), c = 6
2x 3 x2 nx n - 1 30. (c) Here,
f ¢( x ) = 1 + + + ××× + From Eqs. (i), (ii) and
1! 2! ( n - 1)! f( x ) = x 3 + x 2 f ¢(1) + xf ¢¢(2 ) + f ¢¢¢( 3) (iii), a = - 5, b = 2
3×2 x n( n - 1) x n - 2 Put f ¢(1) = a, f ¢¢(2 ) = b, f ¢¢¢( 3) = c …(i) \ f( x ) = x 3 - 5 x 2 + 2 x + 6
f 2( x ) = 2 + + ××× +
2! ( n - 1)! \ 3 2
f( x ) = x + ax + bx + c