It is often argued that being xenophobic and racist is not genetically inherited traits but learned ones and

thus can be tackled with ease. It is agreed that a world without racial segregation and intolerance towards
foreigners can be created. This essay will first explain how people develop such doctrines and then suggest
some measures to eliminate them.

For a start, racism, which is discrimination on the basis of a person’s skin colour, gender, religion, physical
appearance and caste, takes birth from the feeling of superiority over others and judging people from their
physical appearance. A perfect example of this would the enslavement of African people in USA prior to 19 th
century. Similarly, xenophobia, the fear of unknown, stems when people feel threatened by a foreign entity
because people prefer familiar environment and faces. The various hate crimes against people with Asian
and Middle Eastern backgrounds serve as a good example. Children, who are very perceptive and thus
emulate whatever they observe around them, are likely to adopt these beliefs by watching their parents and
other adults around them.

However, as these beliefs are not innate, they can be eradicated easily. First and foremost, schools can play
a prominent role in teaching children that every race, religion and community produced great people who
shaped human civilization not because their race, religion or ethnicity but with their deeds. For instance,
Neil Armstrong was a white man; Mahatma Gandhi, an Asian; Nelson Mandela, an African. Furthermore,
government can encourage student exchange programs to give students an opportunity to experience other
cultures by interacting with people belonging to different backgrounds. This will remove any misconceptions
towards others and promote feeling of brotherhood, love and understanding among people.

In short, although the war against racism and xenophobia is tough, it is not unconquerable. The need is to
set example for our successors by spreading the message of love, peace and brotherhood rather than hatred.

Apologizing
I'm sorry about...
I am sorry that...
I'm very sorry about...
I'm very sorry for...
Please forgive me for...
I'd like to apologize for...
Please accept my apologies.
Please accept my sincere apologies. (very formal)

Asking for Help

I'd be grateful if you could...
I would be grateful if you could...
I would appreciate it if you could...
Could you please...
I was wondering of you could help me.(informal)
I would like to know...

Asking for Information

I am writing to enquire about...
I am writing to find out about...
What I am looking for is...
I would like to know about/if...
Closing
I look forward to seeing you.
I look forward to hearing from you.
I look forward to meeting you.

Complaining / expressing dissatisfaction

I'm writing to express my dissatisfaction with...
I'm writing to express my annoyance with...
I am not happy about...
...was very disappointing.

Conveying regards
Please give my best regards to your family.
Please pass on my best wishes to your wife and children.
Please give my regards to your parents.

Expressing satisfaction
I was delighted to hear that...
I was very happy to learn that...
I was thrilled to find out that...
I was glad to hear that...
...was very enjoyable.

Expressing concern / sympathy

I was sorry to hear about... (your accident/ illness)
I am writing to express my concern about...

Giving bad news

I regret to inform you that...(semi-formal)
I am sorry to tell you that...(informal)
I regret to advise you that...(formal)
I am afraid I have some bad news.(informal)

Giving good news

I am pleased to inform you that...(semi-formal)
I am delighted to tell you that...(informal)
I am happy to advise you that...(formal)
I thought you might like to know that...

Giving reasons
This is because...
This is because of...
This is due to... (formal)
This is as a result of...(formal)
This is owing to...(formal)

Making suggestions
Would it be a good idea to...
Perhaps it would be a good idea to...

Thanking
Thanks.
Thank you.
Thank you very much.
Thank you kindly.
I can't thank you enough.
No words can express my gratitude.
I am extremely grateful for...
I very much appreciate your ______ing

angry, annoyed, agreeable, afraid, awkward, affectionate, anxious, alarmed, awful, abandoned, absent
minded, accepted, aggravated

brave, bored, bothered, bewildered, brilliant, bitter, bashful, bad, blue, baffled, bummed out

confused, cheery, cooperative, caring, confident, calm, clumsy, curious, content, competent,
compassionate, considerate, cautious, cranky, clever

disorganized, defiant, depressed, discouraged, delighted, disgusted, determined, disappointed, dumb,

detached, destructive, daring, disillusioned, devious

energetic, encouraged, enthusiastic, embarrassed, edgy, excited, empathetic, envious, exhausted, eager,
exuberant, expectant, enraged

friendly, funny, frightened, fearful, furious, foolish, fed up, frustrated, forgiving, flustered, fortunate

grouchy, guilty, great, groovy, grief-stricken, generous, greedy, grateful, gullible, grumpy, green with
envy

happy, humiliated, hurt, helpless, hopeless, honest, horrified, hesitant, hilarious, humble, honored,
heartbroken

irritated, interested, insecure, impatient, ignored, inspired, inadequate, irrational, ignorant, indifferent,
irked, irresponsible, invisible

jealous, joyful, judgemental, jumpy, jaded, jocular, jinxed

K

kind, keen, knocked down, kooky

laid back, loving, lonely, labile, lackluster, light-hearted, likable, lost, lousy, lucky, lazy, loopy, leery

mad, mixed-up, meek, mean, miserable, malevolent, marvelous, magical, manipulated, manipulative,
maternal, modest, misunderstood, mischievous, mopey, mistrustful, mellow, melodramatic, moody

nice, naughty, nasty, nauseated, nervous, nerdy, nutty, noble, noisy, neglected, neglectful, needy, needed,
nifty, naive, nonchalant, nonplussed

okay, overpowered, overjoyed, over-the-top, obedient, obsessive, off, odd, offended, out-of-control,
outraged, overloaded, overstimulated, obstinate, obligated

panicked, peaceful, playful, pensive, proud, peeved, patronized, peachy, perfect, peppy, pensive, puzzled,
powerful, powerless, picky, pleased, psyched, petty, petulant, preoccupied

quiet, questioned, questionable, quirky, quarrelsome, quivery, qualified, querulous

respected, relieved, relaxed, resentful, rattled, refreshed, repulsed, rageful, rational, reasonable, reactive,
ready, rebellious, reluctant, reassured, restive, restful, remorseful, reserved

sad, surprised, silly, smiley, scared, sorry, serious, stupid, shy, satisfied, sensitive, safe, stressed out,
stubborn, sarcastic, sassy, spiteful, scornful, secure, serene, smug, snarky, snarly, sociable

thankful, tearful, thoughtful, terrific, talkative, tolerant, trusted, temperamental, terrified, timid, tired,
tantrumy, troubled, tickled, torn, trustworthy, touched, threatened

understood, understanding, uneasy, uncertain, ugly, uncomfortable, unruffled, unafraid, useless,

unimpressed, unappreciated, undecided, unique, unruly, up
V

vivacious, vain, vibrant, violent, valued, vital, vexed, volatile, vulnerable, victorious, vacant

worried, wacky, wary, weak, weary, weird, wistful, woeful, weepy, well, whiny, worn out, wound up,
whimsical, warm, witty, withdrawn, worthless, wronged, willful, wishful

xenophobic

yucky, yappy, youthful, yielding, yearning

zany, zealous, zonked, zippy, zestful, zen